@cindex note names, Dutch
@cindex note names, default
-A sharp is formed by adding @code{-is} to the end of a pitch name
-and a flat is formed by adding @code{-es}. Double sharps and
-double flats are obtained by adding @code{-isis} or @code{-eses}
-to a note name.
+@c following paragraph changed to match Tutorial and Accidental
+@c and Key Signature pages.
+
+A @rglos{sharp} pitch is made by adding @samp{is} to the name, and
+a @rglos{flat} pitch by adding @samp{es}. As you might expect, a
+@rglos{double sharp} or @rglos{double flat} is made by adding
+@samp{isis} or @samp{eses}@footnote{This syntax derived from note
+naming conventions in Nordic and Germanic languages, like German
+and Dutch. To use other names for accidentals, see @ruser{Note
+names in other languages}.}
@lilypond[quote,ragged-right,fragment,verbatim,relative=2]
a2 ais a aes
@code{c'} is used as the default if no starting pitch is defined.
The octave of notes that appear in @var{musicexpr} are calculated
-as follows: if no octave changing marks are used, the basic
-interval between this and the last note is always taken to be a
-fourth or less. This distance is determined without regarding
-alterations; a @code{fisis} following a @code{ceses} will be put
-above the @code{ceses}. In other words, a doubly-augmented fourth
-is considered a smaller interval than a diminished fifth, even
-though the doubly-augmented fourth spans seven semitones while the
+as follows:
+
+@itemize
+@item
+If no octave changing marks are used, the basic interval between
+this and the last note is always taken to be a fourth or less.
+
+@item
+This distance is determined without regarding alterations; a
+@code{fisis} following a @code{ceses} will be put above the
+@code{ceses}. In other words, a doubly-augmented fourth is
+considered a smaller interval than a diminished fifth, even though
+the doubly-augmented fourth spans seven semitones while the
diminished fifth only spans six semitones.
+@item
The octave changing marks @code{'} and @code{,} can be added to
-raise or lower the pitch by an extra octave. Upon entering
-relative mode, an absolute starting pitch can be specified that
-will act as the predecessor of the first note of @var{musicexpr}.
-If no starting pitch is specified, then middle C is used as a
-start.
+raise or lower the pitch by an extra octave from the basic
+interval.
+
+@item
+Multiple octave changing marks can be used. @code{''} will raise
+the pitch by two octaves.
+
+@item
+The pitch of the first note is relative to @code{\relative
+@var{startpitch} }.
+
+@item
+If you do not specify @var{startpitch} then middle C is used.
+
+@end itemize
Here is the relative mode shown in action
+
@lilypond[quote,fragment,ragged-right,verbatim]
\relative c'' {
b c d c b c bes a
between the pitches @var{from} and @var{to}: any note with pitch
@code{from} is changed to @code{to}.
-For example, consider a piece written in the key of D-major. If
-this piece is a little too low for its performer, it can be
-transposed up to E-major with
+Consider a piece written in the key of D-major. If this piece is
+a little too low for its performer, it can be transposed up to
+E-major with
@example
\transpose d e @dots{}