@cindex chord chords
+Chord mode is used to enter chords using an indicator of the chord
+structure, rather than the chord pitches.
+
@menu
* Chord mode overview::
* Common chords::
@cindex modifiers, in chords.
@cindex chord quality
-Major triads are entered by including the root and a duration:
+Major triads are entered by including the root and an
+optional duration:
@lilypond[verbatim,quote,relative=1,ragged-right]
\chordmode { c2 f4. g8 }
@end lilypond
+@noindent
+If no duration is entered, the duration of the previous
+note (or chord) will be used.
+
Minor, augmented, and diminished triads are entered by placing
@code{:} and a quality modifier string after the duration:
quality modifier (for the other named seventh chords).
@lilypond[quote,ragged-right,fragment,verbatim,relative=1]
-\chordmode { c1:7 c:m7 c:maj7 c:dim c:dim7 c:aug7 c:maj }
+\chordmode {
+c1 | c:7 | c:m7 | c:maj7 |
+c:dim | c:dim7 | c:aug7 | c:maj |
+}
@end lilypond
@funindex aug
third below the extent, and then the step of the extent is added.
@lilypond[quote,ragged-right,fragment,verbatim,relative=1]
-\chordmode { c1:3 c:5 c:6 c:7 c:8 c:9 c:10 c:11 }
+\chordmode {
+c4:2 c:3 c:4 c:5
+c:6 c:7 c:8 c:9
+c:10 c:11 c:12 c:13
+}
@end lilypond
Since an unaltered 11 does not sound good when combined with an
\chordmode { c1:13 c:13.11 c:m13 }
@end lilypond
+The largest possible value for the extent is 13. Any larger value
+is interpreted as 13.
+
@cindex additions, in chords
Individual steps can be added to a chord. Additions follow the
\chordmode { c1:5.6 c:3.7.8 c:3.6.13 }
@end lilypond
+Added steps can be as high as desired.
+
+@lilypond[quote,verbatim,fragment,relative=1]
+\chordmode { c4:5.15 c:5.20 c:5.25 c:5.30 }
+@end lilypond
+
@cindex chord steps, altering
Added chord steps can be altered by suffixing a @code{-} or @code{+}
@end lilypond
Only one step can be removed from a chord. If a chord with multiple
-removed steps is desired, it must be build through addition of
+removed steps is desired, it must be built through addition of
multiple steps.
@node Displaying chords
@subsection Displaying chords
-
+Chords can be displayed by name, in addition to the standard display
+as notes on a staff.
@menu
* Printing chord names::
@cindex printing chord names
@cindex chord names
@cindex chords
-@ignore
-LilyPond has support for printing chord names. Because chords are
-music elements, they can be transposed, and the chord names will be
-transposed along with the chords.
+LilyPond has support for printing chord names. Chord names are
+printed in a special context, called @rinternals{ChordNames}.
-Chords can be entered using @code{< .. >} or through the use of
-chord mode. The displayed chord name will sometimes be different
-depending upon the entry mode:
+@lilypond[verbatim,quote,relative=1,ragged-right]
+\new ChordNames \chordmode { c2 f4. g8 }
+@end lilypond
-@lilypond[quote,ragged-right,verbatim,ragged-right]
-twoWays = \transpose c c' {
- \chordmode {
- c1 f:sus4 bes/f
- }
- <c e g>
- <f bes c'>
- <f bes d'>
-}
+To display both chord names and the notes of chords, use the
+technique in @ref{Writing music in parallel}.
-<< \new ChordNames \twoWays
- \new Voice \twoWays >>
+@lilypond[verbatim,quote,ragged-right]
+myChords = \chordmode { c2 f4. g8 }
+<<
+\new ChordNames \myChords
+\myChords
+>>
@end lilypond
-This example also shows that the chord printing routines cannot
-correctly identify the root of a chord if it has been entered using
-@code{< .. >} instead of named chord entry. Therefore, the sixth
-chord (@code{f bes d}) is not interpreted as an inversion. In
-contrast, the third chord, which contains the same notes as the sixth
-chord, is correctly identified because it was entered in the named
-chord mode.
+Chords can be entered as simultaneous notes or through the use of
+chord mode. The displayed chord name will be the same, regardless
+of the mode of entry:
-For displaying printed chord names, use the @rinternals{ChordNames}
-context.
-
-@lilypond[quote,verbatim,ragged-right]
-harmonies = {
- \chordmode {a1 b c} <d' f' a'> <e' g' b'>
+@lilypond[quote,ragged-right,verbatim]
+twoWays = \relative c' {
+ \chordmode { c2 f:sus4 }
+ { <c e g> <f bes c> }
}
<<
- \new ChordNames \harmonies
- \new Staff \harmonies
+\new ChordNames \twoWays
+\new Voice \twoWays
>>
@end lilypond
-The previous examples all show chords over a staff. This is not
-necessary. Chords may also be printed separately. It may be necessary
-to add @rinternals{Volta_engraver} and @rinternals{Bar_engraver}
-for showing repeats.
+
+If repeats are used in the music, and the volta brackets are to be
+dispayed above the chord names, @code{voltaOnThisStaff} must be set
+to @code{##t}. To add bar indications in the @code{ChordNames}
+context, add @rinternals{Bar_engraver}.
@lilypond[ragged-right,verbatim]
\new ChordNames \with {
\override BarLine #'bar-size = #4
- \consists Bar_engraver
- \consists "Volta_engraver"
+ voltaOnThisStaff = ##t
+ \consists "Bar_engraver"
}
\chordmode { \repeat volta 2 {
f1:maj7 f:7 bes:7
c:maj7
} \alternative {
- es e
+ ees e
}
}
@end lilypond
@code{\chordmode} and create a @code{ChordNames} context, with the
following result:
-@lilypond[verbatim,quote,ragged-right]
-\chords { c2 f4.:m g4.:maj7 gis8:dim7 }
+@lilypond[verbatim,quote,ragged-right, relative=1]
+\chords { c2 f4.:m g8:maj7 }
@end lilypond
-@c @predefined
-
-@c @snippets
@seealso
-@c Music Glossary:
-@c @rglos{}.
-@c Learning Manual:
-@c @rlearning{}.
+Music Glossary:
+@rglos{chord}.
-@c Notation Reference:
-@c @ruser{}.
-@c Application Usage:
-@c @rprogram{}.
+Notation Reference:
+@ref{Writing music in parallel}.
-@c Installed Files:
-@c @file{}.
-@c Snippets:
-@c @rlsr{}.
+Snippets:
+@c @rlsr{Chords}.
-@c Internals Reference:
-@c @rinternals{}.
+Internals Reference:
+@rinternals{ChordNames},
+@rinternals{Volta_engraver},
+@rinternals{Bar_engraver}.
-@c @knownissues
+@knownissues
+Chords containing inversions or altered bass notes are not named
+properly.
+
+@ignore
@n ode Customizing chord names
@u nnumberedsubsubsec Customizing chord names
@lilypondfile[ragged-right]{chord-names-languages.ly}
+@C TODO - this paragraph is moved here from an earlier section
+@c and needs to be corrected.
+This example also shows that the chord printing routines cannot
+correctly identify the root of a chord if it has been entered using
+@code{< .. >} instead of named chord entry. Therefore, the sixth
+chord (@code{f bes d}) is not interpreted as an inversion. In
+contrast, the third chord, which contains the same notes as the sixth
+chord, is correctly identified because it was entered in the named
+chord mode.
+
If none of the default settings give the desired output, the chord
name display can be tuned through the following properties.