c'2:8 c':32 | c': c': |
@end lilypond
-[TODO : stok is te kort bij 32en]
+@c [TODO : stok is te kort bij 32en]
@refbugs
to the right side of each clef in the example column denotes the
@code{c'} with respect to that clef.
-@c --- This should go somewhere else: ---
-@c @item modern style G clef (glyph: @code{clefs-G})
-@c
-@c Supported clefs:
-@c @code{treble}, @code{violin}, @code{G}, @code{G2}, @code{french}
-@c
-@c @lilypond[26pt]{\property Staff.TimeSignature \set #'transparent = ##t \clef "G" c'}
-@c
-@c @item modern style F clef (glyph: @code{clefs-F})
-@c
-@c Supported clefs:
-@c @code{varbaritone}, @code{bass}, @code{F}, @code{subbass}
-@c
-@c @lilypond{\property Staff.TimeSignature \set #'transparent = ##t \clef "F" c'}
-@c
-@c @item modern style C clef (glyph: @code{clefs-C})
-@c
-@c Supported clefs:
-@c @code{soprano}, @code{mezzosoprano}, @code{alto}, @code{C},
-@c @code{tenor}, @code{baritone}
-@c
-@c @lilypond{\property Staff.TimeSignature \set #'transparent = ##t \clef "C" c'}
-
@multitable @columnfractions .3 .3 .3 .1
@item
have been tried. For a comprehensive overview, refer to @cite{Stone
1980} (see @ref{Literature}). In general, the use of new, innovative
notation makes a piece harder to understand and perform and its use
-should be avoided if possible. For this reason, support for
+should therefore be avoided if possible. For this reason, support for
contemporary notation in LilyPond is limited.
Entered music can also be converted to MIDI output. The performance
is good enough for proof-hearing the music for errors.
-
Ties, dynamics and tempo changes are interpreted. Dynamic marks,
crescendi and decrescendi translate into MIDI volume levels. Dynamic
marks translate to a fixed fraction of the available MIDI volume
-range, crescendi and decrescendi make the volume vary linearly
-between their two extremities. The fractions be adjusted by
+range, crescendi and decrescendi make the volume vary linearly between
+their two extremities. The fractions be adjusted by
@code{dynamicAbsoluteVolumeFunction} in @internalsref{Voice} context.
-
-For each type of musical instrument (that MIDI supports), a volume range
-can be defined. This gives you basic equalizer control, which can
-enhance the quality of the MIDI output remarkably. The equalizer
-can be controlled by setting @code{instrumentEqualizer}.
-
-Both loudness controls are combined to produce the final MIDI volume.
+For each type of MIDI instrument, a volume range can be defined. This
+gives you basic equalizer control, which can enhance the quality of
+the MIDI output remarkably. The equalizer can be controlled by
+setting @code{instrumentEqualizer}.
@refbugs
Many musically interesting effects, such as swing, articulation,
-slurring, etc., are translated to MIDI.
+slurring, etc., are not translated to MIDI.
@menu
@cindex MIDI block
@itemize @bullet
- @item a @code{\tempo} definition
- @item context definitions
+ @item a @code{\tempo} definition
+ @item context definitions
@end itemize
Assignments in the @code{\midi} block are not allowed.
* Printing lyrics::
* A lead sheet::
* Listening to output::
-* More movements :: Joining separate pieces of music
+* Titling ::
* Single staff polyphony ::
-* Piano music::
+* Piano staffs::
* Organising larger pieces::
* Fine tuning a piece::
* An orchestral score:: Conductor's score and individual parts
@cindex lead sheet
When put together, chord names, lyrics and a melody form
-a lead sheet, for example:
-@lilypond[singleline,verbatim]
+a lead sheet, for example,
+
+@example
+\score @{
+ <
+ \context ChordNames \chords @{ @emph{chords} @}
+ \addlyrics
+ \notes @emph{the melody}
+ \context Lyrics \lyrics @{ @emph{the text} @}
+ >
+ \paper @{ @}
+@}
+@end example
+@lilypond[singleline]
\score {
<
\context ChordNames \chords { r8 c2:sus4 f }
@end example
Here, the tempo is specified using the @code{\tempo} command. In this
-case the tempo of quarter notes is set to 72 beats per minute.
-
-
-@node More movements
-@section More movements
-
-The program @code{lilypond} only produces sheet music. Titles,
-subtitles, and the composer's name are created by a separate program,
-called use @code{ly2dvi}. @code{ly2dvi} creates the titles, then
-calls @code{lilypond} to format the sheet music. In this section, we
-show you how to create titles like this:
-
-@center @strong{Two miniatures}
-@flushright
-F. Bar Baz
-
-Opus 1.
-@end flushright
-@flushleft
-@var{Up}
-@end flushleft
-@lilypond
- \score {
- \notes { c'4 d'4 }
- \paper { raggedright = ##t }
- }
-@end lilypond
-@flushright
-Opus 2.
-@end flushright
-@flushleft
-@var{Down}
-@end flushleft
-@lilypond
- \score {
- \notes { d'4 c'4 }
- \paper { linewidth = -1.0 }
- }
-@end lilypond
+case the tempo of quarter notes is set to 72 beats per minute. More
+information on auditory output is in the @ref{Sound} section in the
+notation manual.
-For example, consider the following file (@file{miniatures.ly})
-@example
-\header @{
- title = "Two miniatures"
- composer = "F. Bar Baz"
- tagline = "small is beautiful" @}
+@node Titling
+@section Titling
-\score @{
- \notes @{ c'4 d'4 @}
- \header @{
- opus = "Opus 1."
- piece = "Up" @}
-@}
-\score @{
- \notes @{ d'4 c'4 @}
- \header @{
- opus = "Opus 2."
- piece = "Down" @}
-@}
-@end example
-
-
-The information for the global titling is in a so-called header block.
-The information in this block is not used by LilyPond, but it is
-passed into @code{ly2dvi}, which uses this information to print titles
-above the music.
-@cindex assignments
-@cindex identifier assignment
-the @code{\header} block contains assignments. In each assignment, a
-variable is set to a value. The header block for this file looks like
-this
-@cindex @code{\header}
+Bibliographic information is entered in a separate block, the
+@code{\header} block. The name of the piece, its composer, etc. are
+entered as assignment within @code{\header @{ @dots{} @}}. For
+example,
@example
\header @{
- title = "Two miniatures"
- composer = "F. Bar Baz"
+ title = "Eight miniatures"
+ composer = "Igor Stravinsky"
tagline = "small is beautiful"
@}
+
+ \score { @dots{}
@end example
-When you process a file with ly2dvi, a signature line is printed at
-the bottom of the last page. Many people find the default (``Lily was
-here'' with a version number) too droll. If that is the case, you can
-change @code{tagline} in the @code{\header}, as shown above.
+@cindex bibliographic information
+@cindex titles
+@cindex composer
+@cindex ly2dvi
+
+
+When the file is processed by @code{ly2dvi}, the title and composer
+specified are printed above the music. The `tagline' is a short line
+printed at bottom of the last page, which normally says ``Lily was
+here, version @dots{}''. In the example above, it is replaced by the
+line ``small is beautiful.''
+
+Normally, the @code{\header} is put at the top of the file. However,
+for a document that contains multiple pieces (e.g. a etude book, or
+part with multiple movements), then the header can be put into the
+@code{\score} block as follows In this case, the name of each piece
+will be printed before each movement.
+
@cindex Lily was here
@cindex signature line
@cindex tag line
-
-@separate
-@example
- \header @{
+@example
+ \header @{
+ title = "Eight miniatures"
+ composer = "Igor Stravinsky"
+ tagline = "small is beautiful"
+ @}
+
+ \score { @dots{}
+ \header @{ piece = "Adagio" @}
+ }
+ \score { @dots{}
+ \header @{ piece = "Menuetto" @}
+ }
@end example
-The @code{\header} is normally at the top of the file, where it sets
-values for the rest of the file. If you want to typeset different
-pieces from one file (for example, if there are multiple movements, or
-if you are making an exercise book), you can put different
-@code{\score} blocks into the input file. @code{ly2dvi} will assemble
-all LilyPond output files into a one document. The contents of
-@code{\header} blocks specified within each score is used for the
-title of that movement.
-@separate
-@example
- opus = "Opus 1."
- piece = "Up" @}
-@end example
-For example, the Opus number is put at the right, and the "piece" string
-will be at the left.
+More information on titling can be found in @ref{Invoking ly2dvi}.
@node Single staff polyphony
projects / lilypond.git / commitdiff