X-Git-Url: https://git.donarmstrong.com/?a=blobdiff_plain;f=Documentation%2Fuser%2Funfretted-strings.itely;h=ac58969a3c79c1b9b02e60aa9666ededea7910e4;hb=0dd6897cbaa36d6b488e18014584a907d018b0d1;hp=9dbd2938cedbb2e3a3e085ffed4c1f772c3246da;hpb=25087463a7704496ba2a938539adcf84ff723875;p=lilypond.git diff --git a/Documentation/user/unfretted-strings.itely b/Documentation/user/unfretted-strings.itely index 9dbd2938ce..ac58969a3c 100644 --- a/Documentation/user/unfretted-strings.itely +++ b/Documentation/user/unfretted-strings.itely @@ -1,4 +1,4 @@ -@c -*- coding: utf-8; mode: texinfo; -*- +@c -*- coding: utf-8; mode: texinfo; -*- @ignore Translation of GIT committish: FILL-IN-HEAD-COMMITTISH @@ -11,7 +11,11 @@ @node Unfretted string instruments @section Unfretted string instruments +@lilypondfile[quote] +{unfretted-headword.ly} + @cindex orchestral strings +@cindex strings, orchestral @cindex strings, writing for This section provides information and references which are helpful @@ -34,11 +38,11 @@ be required for some double-stopped or divisi passages. * References for unfretted strings:: * Bowing indications:: * Harmonics:: -* Snap (Bartók) pizzicato:: +* Snap (Bartok) pizzicato:: @end menu -@unnumberedsubsubsec References for unfretted strings @node References for unfretted strings +@unnumberedsubsubsec References for unfretted strings Most of the notation which is useful for orchestral strings and other bowed instruments is covered elsewhere: @@ -51,68 +55,77 @@ added as simple text -- see @ref{Text scripts}. @item Fingerings, including the thumb indication, are described in @ref{Fingering instructions}. -@item When writing for orchestral strings, slurs are used to -indicate passages which should be bowed in a continuous movement. -For details, see @ref{Slurs}. - @item Double stopping is normally indicated by writing a chord, -see @ref{Chorded notes}. A triple or quadruple stop might be -indicated by a square bracket to indicate the notes should be -played simultaneously rather than arpeggiated. A square bracket -is also used to indicate the two notes of a double stop should be -played divisi by the two players on the stand. A bracket arpeggio -can be used to bracket notes together, see @ref{Arpeggio}. - -@item For passages which require two voices see @rlearning{I'm -hearing Voices} and @ref{Single-staff polyphony}. +see @ref{Chorded notes}. Directives for playing chords may be +added, see @ref{Arpeggio}. @item A template for a string quartet can be found in @rlearning{String quartet}. Others are shown in the snippets. @end itemize + @seealso Learning Manual: -@rlearning{I'm hearing Voices}, @rlearning{String quartet}. Notation Reference: @ref{Text scripts}, @ref{Fingering instructions}, -@ref{Slurs}, @ref{Chorded notes}, -@ref{Arpeggio} -@ref{Single-staff polyphony}. +@ref{Arpeggio}. Snippets: @rlsr{Unfretted strings}. + @node Bowing indications @unnumberedsubsubsec Bowing indications @funindex \upbow @funindex \downbow +@funindex \open @cindex bowing indications @cindex up bow indication @cindex down bow indication +@cindex open string indication +@cindex string, indicating open Bowing indications are created as articulations, which are -described in @ref{Articulations and ornamentations}. The -bowing commands, @code{\upbow} and @code{\downbow}, are used with -slurs as follows: +described in @ref{Articulations and ornamentations}. + +The bowing commands, @code{\upbow} and @code{\downbow}, are used +with slurs as follows: @lilypond[verbatim,quote,relative=2] c4(\downbow d) e(\upbow f) @end lilypond +@noindent +and the following example shows three ways in which an open A +string on a violin might be indicated: -@seealso +@lilypond[verbatim,quote,relative=2] +a4 \open +a^\markup { \teeny "II" } +a2^\markup { \small "sul A" } +@end lilypond + +@predefined +@code{\downbow}, +@code{\upbow}, +@code{\open}. +@endpredefined + + +@seealso Notation Reference: -@ref{Articulations and ornamentations} +@ref{Articulations and ornamentations}, @ref{Slurs}. + @node Harmonics @unnumberedsubsubsec Harmonics @@ -125,18 +138,20 @@ Notation Reference: Natural harmonics can be notated in several ways. A diamond-shaped note head generally means to touch the string where you would stop -the note if it were not a diamond. Diamond note heads are created -by placing @code{\harmonic} after the note and enclosing the whole -in angle brackets. +the note if it were not a diamond. + +@warning{Harmonics @strong{must} be defined inside a chord +construct even if there is only a single note.} + +@c TODO If the default for harmonicDots is changed, change this Dotted harmonics indicated with @code{\harmonic} do not show the dots. The context property @code{harmonicDots} should be set if dots are required. - @lilypond[verbatim,quote,relative=2] -4 2. +4 2. \set harmonicDots = ##t -4 2. +4 2. @end lilypond Alternatively a normal note head is shown at the pitch to be @@ -144,7 +159,7 @@ sounded together with a small circle to indicate it should be played as a harmonic: @lilypond[verbatim,quote,relative=2] -d4^\flageolet d_\flageolet +d2^\flageolet d_\flageolet @end lilypond A smaller circle may be created, see the snippet list in @@ -158,15 +173,12 @@ A smaller circle may be created, see the snippet list in Artificial harmonics are notated with two notes, one with a normal note head indicating the stopped position and one with an open diamond note head to indicate the harmonic position. -They are entered by marking the harmonic pitch with @code{\harmonic}. -Note the @code{\harmonic} command must be placed within the angle -brackets signifying the chord. The example shows the notation for a -fourth and a fifth harmonic. @lilypond[verbatim,quote,relative=1] 2 @end lilypond + @seealso Music Glossary: @rglos{harmonics}. @@ -175,7 +187,8 @@ Notation Reference: @ref{Special note heads}, @ref{References for unfretted strings}. -@node Snap (Bartók) pizzicato + +@node Snap (Bartok) pizzicato @unnumberedsubsubsec Snap (Bartók) pizzicato @cindex pizzicato, Bartók @@ -183,7 +196,7 @@ Notation Reference: @cindex Bartók pizzicato @cindex snap pizzicato -TBC -@c TODO add Bartók pizz as a @lilypondfile - +@snippets +@lilypondfile[verbatim,lilyquote,texidoc,doctitle] +{snap-pizzicato-markup-bartok-pizzicato.ly}