X-Git-Url: https://git.donarmstrong.com/?a=blobdiff_plain;f=Documentation%2Fuser%2Fsimultaneous.itely;h=0b9b14c57648869eecc48f0456b5ef4db6c89c29;hb=7eabbc26946c8a99e31d8512dacfbbdda7679265;hp=588abe2a2ff4d2cdbb60ef066c402d03286985e6;hpb=f21e96f7088d8faf32b4b15a05ec4418a17c4949;p=lilypond.git diff --git a/Documentation/user/simultaneous.itely b/Documentation/user/simultaneous.itely index 588abe2a2f..0b9b14c576 100644 --- a/Documentation/user/simultaneous.itely +++ b/Documentation/user/simultaneous.itely @@ -6,9 +6,13 @@ version that you are working on. See TRANSLATION for details. @end ignore +@c \version "2.11.38" + @node Simultaneous notes @section Simultaneous notes +@lilypondfile[quote]{simultaneous-headword.ly} + Polyphony in music refers to having more than one voice occurring in a piece of music. Polyphony in LilyPond refers to having more than one voice on the same staff. @@ -28,56 +32,86 @@ than one voice on the same staff. @end menu @node Chorded notes -@unnumberedsubsubsec Chorded notes +@subsubsection Chorded notes -@cindex Chords +@cindex chords +@cindex brackets, angle +@funindex < +@funindex > +@funindex <...> -A chord is formed by a enclosing a set of pitches between @code{<} -and @code{>}. A chord may be followed by a duration, and a set of +A chord is formed by a enclosing a set of pitches between @code{<} and +@code{>}. A chord may be followed by a duration and/or a set of articulations, just like simple notes: @lilypond[verbatim,ragged-right,fragment,quote,relative=1] -4 8 +1 -> @end lilypond -For more information about chords, see @ref{Introducing chord -names}. +For more information about chords, see @ref{Modern chords}. + +@seealso + +Music Glossary: +@rglos{chord}. + +Learning Manual: +@rlearning{Combining notes into chords}. -@refbugs +Notation Reference: +@ref{Modern chords}. + +Snippets: +@lsrdir{Simultaneous,Simultaneous-notes}. + +@knownissues Music expressions like @code{<< @{ g8 e8 @} a4 >>} are not printed accurately. Use @code{8 8} instead. - @node Clusters -@unnumberedsubsubsec Clusters +@subsubsection Clusters @cindex cluster +@funindex \makeClusters -A cluster indicates a continuous range of pitches to be played. -They can be denoted as the envelope of a set of notes. They are -entered by applying the function @code{makeClusters} to a sequence -of chords, e.g., +A cluster indicates a continuous range of pitches to be played. They +can be denoted as the envelope of a set of notes. They are entered by +applying the function @code{\makeClusters} to a sequence of chords, +e.g., @lilypond[quote,ragged-right,relative=2,fragment,verbatim] -\makeClusters { } +\makeClusters { 2 } @end lilypond Ordinary notes and clusters can be put together in the same staff, even simultaneously. In such a case no attempt is made to -automatically avoid collisions between ordinary notes and -clusters. +automatically avoid collisions between ordinary notes and clusters. @seealso -Internals Reference: @internalsref{ClusterSpanner}, +Music Glossary: +@rglos{cluster}. + +Snippets: +@lsrdir{Simultaneous,Simultaneous-notes}. + +Internals Reference: +@internalsref{ClusterSpanner}, @internalsref{ClusterSpannerBeacon}, @internalsref{Cluster_spanner_engraver}. -Examples: @lsr{contemporary,cluster@/.ly}. +@c Examples: @lsr{contemporary,cluster@/.ly}. +@knownissues +Clusters only look good if they span at least two chords; otherwise +they appear too narrow. + +Clusters do not have a stem and can not indicate durations by +themselves. Separate clusters would need a separating rest between +them. @node Multiple voices @subsection Multiple voices @@ -89,7 +123,10 @@ Examples: @lsr{contemporary,cluster@/.ly}. @end menu @node Collision resolution -@unnumberedsubsubsec Collision resolution +@subsubsection Collision resolution + +@cindex merging notes +@cindex note collisions Normally, note heads with a different number of dots are not merged, but when the object property @@ -119,7 +156,7 @@ c8 c4. } \\ { c2 c2 } >> @noindent @code{merge-differently-headed} and @code{merge-differently-dotted} only apply to opposing stem -directions (ie. Voice 1 & 2). +directions (i.e. Voice 1 & 2). LilyPond also vertically shifts rests that are opposite of a stem, for example @@ -128,6 +165,8 @@ for example \new Voice << c''4 \\ r4 >> @end lilypond +@cindex shift note + If three or more notes line up in the same column, @code{merge-differently-headed} cannot successfully complete the merge of the two notes that should be merged. To allow the merge @@ -152,6 +191,10 @@ move the top @code{g} out of the column, and >> @end lilypond +@cindex multiple voices +@cindex polyphonic music +@cindex shifting voices + In some instances of complex polyphonic music, you may need additional voices to avoid collisions between notes. Additional voices are added by defining an variable, as shown below: @@ -169,7 +212,7 @@ voiceFive = #(context-spec-music (make-voice-props-set 4) 'Voice) -@refcommands +@predefined @funindex \oneVoice @code{\oneVoice}, @@ -182,6 +225,19 @@ voiceFive = #(context-spec-music (make-voice-props-set 4) 'Voice) @funindex \voiceFour @code{\voiceFour}. +@funindex \voiceNeutralStyle +@funindex \voiceOneStyle +@funindex \voiceTwoStyle +@funindex \voiceThreeStyle +@funindex \voiceFourStyle +@example +\voiceNeutralStyle +\voiceOneStyle +\voiceTwoStyle +\voiceThreeStyle +\voiceFourStyle +@end example + @funindex \shiftOn @code{\shiftOn}, @funindex \shiftOnn @@ -215,12 +271,16 @@ override typesetting decisions. @seealso -Internals Reference: the objects responsible for resolving -collisions are @internalsref{NoteCollision} and +Snippets: +@lsrdir{Simultaneous,Simultaneous-notes}. + +Internals Reference: the objects responsible for resolving collisions +are +@internalsref{NoteCollision} and @internalsref{RestCollision}. -@refbugs +@knownissues When using @code{merge-differently-headed} with an upstem eighth or a shorter note, and a downstem half note, the eighth note gets @@ -233,9 +293,10 @@ cluster notation (see @ref{Clusters}). @node Automatic part combining -@unnumberedsubsubsec Automatic part combining +@subsubsection Automatic part combining @cindex automatic part combining @cindex part combiner +@cindex combining parts Automatic part combining is used to merge two parts of music onto a staff. It is aimed at typesetting orchestral scores. When the @@ -253,7 +314,7 @@ The syntax for part combining is The following example demonstrates the basic functionality of the part combiner: putting parts on one staff, and setting stem -directions and polyphony +directions and polyphony. @lilypond[quote,verbatim,ragged-right,fragment] \new Staff \partcombine @@ -269,7 +330,7 @@ and @q{Solo}, while the second (called @code{two}) always gets down stems and @q{Solo II}. If you just want the merging parts, and not the textual markings, -you may set the property @code{printPartCombineTexts} to false +you may set the property @code{printPartCombineTexts} to false. @lilypond[quote,verbatim,ragged-right,fragment,relative=2] \new Staff << @@ -313,11 +374,19 @@ has no effect on the pitches of @var{musicexpr1} and @seealso -Internals Reference: @internalsref{PartCombineMusic}. +Music Glossary: +@rglos{a due}. + +Snippets: +@lsrdir{Simultaneous,Simultaneous-notes}. -@refbugs +Internals Reference: +@internalsref{PartCombineMusic}, +@internalsref{Voice}. -When @code{printPartCombineTexts} is set, when the two voices play +@knownissues + +When @code{printPartCombineTexts} is set, if the two voices play the same notes on and off, the part combiner may typeset @code{a2} more than once in a measure. @@ -333,12 +402,12 @@ events in those will be ignored. @node Writing music in parallel -@unnumberedsubsubsec Writing music in parallel +@subsubsection Writing music in parallel @cindex Writing music in parallel @cindex Interleaved music -Music for multiple parts can be interleaved +Music for multiple parts can be interleaved: @lilypond[quote,fragment,verbatim] \parallelMusic #'(voiceA voiceB) { @@ -353,7 +422,7 @@ Music for multiple parts can be interleaved >> @end lilypond -This works quite well for piano music +This works quite well for piano music. @c It would be nice if the first bar fit onto one 66-char line. @c Maybe simplify the example? -gp @@ -400,5 +469,8 @@ music = { } @end lilypond +@seealso +Snippets: +@lsrdir{Simultaneous,Simultaneous-notes}.