X-Git-Url: https://git.donarmstrong.com/?a=blobdiff_plain;f=Documentation%2Fuser%2Frepeats.itely;h=689fd36009ae18c245af1c601b8498d24734e62d;hb=1423508c355989fa26a8cfe5985b0d6e1ab0a538;hp=47e6a3927bc0b5b2d3a3fd071bff0bc38b8d3517;hpb=efd938cb2bc0a76cd288e9bceba2e5b1b790723c;p=lilypond.git diff --git a/Documentation/user/repeats.itely b/Documentation/user/repeats.itely index 47e6a3927b..689fd36009 100644 --- a/Documentation/user/repeats.itely +++ b/Documentation/user/repeats.itely @@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ version that you are working on. See TRANSLATION for details. @end ignore -@c \version "2.11.51" +@c \version "2.12.0" @node Repeats @section Repeats @@ -22,14 +22,14 @@ repeats: @item volta The repeated music is not written out but enclosed between repeat bar lines. If the repeat is at the beginning of a piece, a repeat bar -line is only printed at the endof the repeat. Alternative endings +line is only printed at the end of the repeat. Alternative endings (volte) are printed left to right with brackets. This is the standard notation for repeats with alternatives. @item unfold The repeated music is fully written out, as many times as specified by @var{repeatcount}. This is useful when -entering repetitious music. +entering repetitious music. @item percent These are beat or measure repeats. They look like single slashes or @@ -42,8 +42,8 @@ This is used to write tremolo beams. @menu -* Long repeats:: -* Short repeats:: +* Long repeats:: +* Short repeats:: @end menu @node Long repeats @@ -55,9 +55,9 @@ repeat signs; or written out repeats, used to input repetitious music. Repeat signs can also be controlled manually. @menu -* Normal repeats:: -* Manual repeat marks:: -* Written-out repeats:: +* Normal repeats:: +* Manual repeat marks:: +* Written-out repeats:: @end menu @cindex volta @@ -65,6 +65,10 @@ Repeat signs can also be controlled manually. @cindex seconda volta @cindex volta, prima @cindex volta, seconda +@cindex repeat, normal +@cindex normal repeat +@cindex repeat with alternate endings +@cindex alternate endings @funindex \repeat @funindex \alternative @funindex \partial @@ -79,9 +83,10 @@ The syntax for a normal repeat is @end example where @var{musicexpr} is a music expression. Alternate endings can be -produced using @code{\alternative}. If there are more repeats than -there are alternate endings, the earliest repeats are given the first -alternative. +produced using @code{\alternative}. In order to delimit the alternate +endings, the group of alternatives must be enclosed in a set of +braces. If there are more repeats than there are alternate endings, +the earliest repeats are given the first alternative. Normal repeats without alternate endings: @@ -103,6 +108,14 @@ c1 @end lilypond +@cindex repeat with upbeat +@cindex upbeat in a repeat +@cindex anacrucis in a repeat +@cindex repeat with anacrucis +@cindex repeat with pickup +@cindex pickup in a repeat +@funindex \partial + Repeats with upbeats can be entered in two ways: @lilypond[verbatim,quote,relative=2] @@ -119,7 +132,7 @@ e | or @lilypond[verbatim,quote,relative=2] -\partial 4 +\partial 4 \repeat volta 4 { e4 | c2 d | e2 f | } \alternative { { \partial 4*3 g4 g g } @@ -155,7 +168,6 @@ c1 @seealso - Music Glossary: @rglos{repeat}, @rglos{volta}. Notation Reference: @ref{Bar lines}, @ref{Modifying context plug-ins}. @@ -166,9 +178,18 @@ Internals Reference: @rinternals{VoltaBracket}, @rinternals{RepeatedMusic}, @rinternals{VoltaRepeatedMusic}, @rinternals{UnfoldedRepeatedMusic}. + @knownissues @cindex repeat, ambiguous +@cindex nested repeat +@cindex repeat, nested +@cindex repeat timing information +@cindex repeat and measure number +@cindex timing information and repeats +@cindex measure number and repeats +@cindex repeat and slur +@cindex slur and repeat A nested repeat like @@ -194,7 +215,18 @@ example, by setting @code{Score.measurePosition} or entering @node Manual repeat marks @unnumberedsubsubsec Manual repeat marks +@cindex manual repeat mark +@cindex repeat, manual +@cindex start repeat +@cindex repeat, start +@cindex end repeat +@cindex repeat, end +@cindex repeat number, changing +@cindex repeat volta, changing +@cindex volta bracket +@cindex bracket, volta @funindex repeatCommands +@funindex start-repeat @warning{These methods are only used for displaying unusual repeat constructs, and may produce unexpected behavior. In most cases, @@ -211,7 +243,7 @@ Print a @code{|:} bar line. @lilypond[verbatim,quote,relative=2] c1 -\set Score.repeatCommands = #'( start-repeat ) +\set Score.repeatCommands = #'(start-repeat) d4 e f g c1 @end lilypond @@ -225,7 +257,7 @@ Print a @code{:|} bar line: @lilypond[verbatim,quote,relative=2] c1 d4 e f g -\set Score.repeatCommands = #'( end-repeat ) +\set Score.repeatCommands = #'(end-repeat) c1 @end lilypond @@ -235,9 +267,9 @@ be explicitly terminated, or it will not be printed. @lilypond[verbatim,quote,relative=2] f4 g a b -\set Score.repeatCommands = #'( ( volta "2" ) ) +\set Score.repeatCommands = #'((volta "2")) g4 a g a -\set Score.repeatCommands = #'( ( volta #f ) ) +\set Score.repeatCommands = #'((volta #f)) c1 @end lilypond @@ -247,23 +279,27 @@ Multiple repeat commands may occur at the same point: @lilypond[verbatim,quote,relative=2] f4 g a b -\set Score.repeatCommands = #'( ( volta "2, 5" ) end-repeat ) +\set Score.repeatCommands = #'((volta "2, 5") end-repeat) g4 a g a c1 -\set Score.repeatCommands = #'( ( volta #f ) ( volta "95" ) end-repeat ) +\set Score.repeatCommands = #'((volta #f) (volta "95") end-repeat) b1 +\set Score.repeatCommands = #'((volta #f)) @end lilypond +@cindex volta bracket with text +@cindex text in volta bracket + Text can be included with the volta bracket. The text can be a number or numbers or markup text, see @ref{Formatting text}. The simplest way to use markup text is to define the markup first, -then include the the markup in a Scheme list. +then include the markup in a Scheme list. @lilypond[verbatim,quote] voltaAdLib = \markup { 1. 2. 3... \text \italic { ad lib. } } \relative c'' { c1 - \set Score.repeatCommands = #(list (list 'volta voltaAdLib) 'start-repeat) + \set Score.repeatCommands = #(list(list 'volta voltaAdLib) 'start-repeat) c4 b d e \set Score.repeatCommands = #'((volta #f) (volta "4.") end-repeat) f1 @@ -277,8 +313,8 @@ voltaAdLib = \markup { 1. 2. 3... \text \italic { ad lib. } } @lilypondfile[verbatim,lilyquote,texidoc,doctitle] {printing-a-repeat-sign-at-the-beginning-of-a-piece.ly} -@seealso +@seealso Notation Reference: @ref{Bar lines}, @ref{Formatting text}. @@ -298,6 +334,13 @@ Internals Reference: @cindex written-out repeats @cindex repetitious music @cindex repeats, written-out +@cindex repeat, unfold +@cindex unfold music +@cindex unfold repeat +@cindex unfold repeat with alternate endings +@cindex unfold music with alternate endings +@cindex alternate ending in written-out repeats +@funindex unfold By using the @code{unfold} command, repeats can be used to simplify the writing out of repetitious music. The syntax is @@ -306,11 +349,8 @@ the writing out of repetitious music. The syntax is \repeat unfold @var{repeatcount} @var{musicexpr} @end example -where @var{musicexpr} is a music expression. Unfold repeats can be -made with or without alternate endings. If there are more repeats -than there are alternate endings, the first alternative ending is -applied to the earliest endings. Unfold repeats without alternate -endings: +where @var{musicexpr} is a music expression and @var{repeatcount} is +the number of times @var{musicexpr} is repeated. @lilypond[verbatim,quote,relative=2] c1 @@ -318,7 +358,9 @@ c1 c1 @end lilypond -Unfold repeats with alternate endings: +Unfold repeats can be made with alternate endings. If there are +more repeats than there are alternate endings, the first +alternative ending is applied to the earliest endings. @lilypond[verbatim,quote,relative=2] c1 @@ -330,13 +372,14 @@ c1 c1 @end lilypond -@seealso +@seealso Snippets: @rlsr{Repeats}. Internals Reference: @rinternals{RepeatedMusic}, @rinternals{UnfoldedRepeatedMusic}. + @node Short repeats @subsection Short repeats @@ -345,8 +388,8 @@ take two basic forms: repeats of a single note to two measures, represented by slashes or percent signs; and tremolos. @menu -* Percent repeats:: -* Tremolo repeats:: +* Percent repeats:: +* Tremolo repeats:: @end menu @node Percent repeats @@ -354,6 +397,11 @@ represented by slashes or percent signs; and tremolos. @cindex percent repeats @cindex measure repeats +@cindex repeat, percent +@cindex repeat, measure +@cindex repeat, short +@funindex \repeat percent +@funindex percent Repeated short patterns of notes are supported. The music is printed once, and the pattern is replaced with a special sign. Patterns that @@ -364,7 +412,7 @@ one or two measures are replaced by percent-like signs. The syntax is @code{\repeat percent @var{number} @var{musicexpr}} @end example -where @var{musicexpr} is a music expression. +where @var{musicexpr} is a music expression. @lilypond[verbatim,quote,relative=2] \repeat percent 4 { c4 } @@ -377,11 +425,14 @@ where @var{musicexpr} is a music expression. @lilypondfile[verbatim,lilyquote,texidoc,doctitle] {percent-repeat-counter.ly} +@lilypondfile[verbatim,lilyquote,texidoc,doctitle] +{percent-repeat-count-visibility.ly} + @lilypondfile[verbatim,lilyquote,texidoc,doctitle] {isolated-percent-repeats.ly} -@seealso +@seealso Music Glossary: @rglos{percent repeat}, @rglos{simile}. Snippets: @rlsr{Repeats}. @@ -391,6 +442,7 @@ Internals Reference: @rinternals{RepeatSlash}, @rinternals{DoublePercentRepeatCounter}, @rinternals{PercentRepeatCounter}, @rinternals{PercentRepeatedMusic}. + @knownissues Only three kinds of percent repeats are supported: a single slash @@ -406,14 +458,18 @@ durations, are supported. @node Tremolo repeats @unnumberedsubsubsec Tremolo repeats -Tremolos can take two forms: alternation between two chords or two -notes, and rapid repetition of a single -note or chord. Tremolos consisting of an alternation are indicated by -adding beams between the notes or chords being alternated, while -tremolos consisting of the rapid repetition of a single note are -indicated by adding beams or slashes to a single note. - @cindex tremolo beams +@cindex tremolo +@cindex repeat, tremolo +@funindex \repeat tremolo +@funindex tremolo + +Tremolos can take two forms: alternation between two chords or two +notes, and rapid repetition of a single note or chord. Tremolos +consisting of an alternation are indicated by adding beams between the +notes or chords being alternated, while tremolos consisting of the +rapid repetition of a single note are indicated by adding beams or +slashes to a single note. To place tremolo marks between notes, use @code{\repeat} with tremolo style: @@ -433,7 +489,7 @@ note, but @code{\repeat tremolo 9} is not. The duration of the tremolo equals the duration of the braced expression multiplied by the number of repeats: @code{\repeat tremolo 8 @{ c16 d16 @}} gives a whole note tremolo, -notated as two whole notes joined by tremolo beams. +notated as two whole notes joined by tremolo beams. There are two ways to put tremolo marks on a single note. The @code{\repeat tremolo} syntax is also used here, in which case @@ -445,6 +501,7 @@ the note should not be surrounded by braces: @cindex tremolo marks @funindex tremoloFlags +@funindex : The same output can be obtained by adding @q{@code{:}[@var{number}]} after the note. The number indicates @@ -458,7 +515,14 @@ c2:8 c:32 c: c: @end lilypond -@seealso +@seealso Snippets: @rlsr{Repeats}. +@cindex tremolo, cross-staff +@cindex cross-staff tremolo + +@knownissues + +Cross-staff tremolos do not work well. +