X-Git-Url: https://git.donarmstrong.com/?a=blobdiff_plain;f=Documentation%2Fuser%2Fkeyboards.itely;h=d9c12777e8de58c8c5ad2072024d1403ac144217;hb=9dd913c87e4b2616c45f753a265fe53972a93868;hp=7adae697efd910af2b3bc385e28d36b644661358;hpb=445a429716d4a19b8437ec70597851d8ca60ee05;p=lilypond.git diff --git a/Documentation/user/keyboards.itely b/Documentation/user/keyboards.itely index 7adae697ef..d9c12777e8 100644 --- a/Documentation/user/keyboards.itely +++ b/Documentation/user/keyboards.itely @@ -8,18 +8,14 @@ @c \version "2.11.38" -@c Andrew's TODO List -@c references - first pass complete -@c manual changes - first pass complete -@c automatic changes - first pass complete -@c staff-change lines - first pass complete -@c cross-staff stems - first pass complete -@c pedals - first pass complete -@c accordian discant symbols - @node Keyboard instruments @section Keyboard instruments +@lilypondfile[quote]{keyboard-headword.ly} + +This section discusses several aspects of music notation that are unique +to keyboard instruments. + @menu * Common notation for keyboards:: * Piano:: @@ -29,6 +25,9 @@ @node Common notation for keyboards @subsection Common notation for keyboards +This section discusses notation issues that may arise for most keyboard +instruments. + @menu * References for keyboards:: * Changing staff manually:: @@ -85,10 +84,6 @@ as shown in @rlearning{Other uses for tweaks}. @end itemize -@c @snippets -@c @lilypondfile[verbatim,lilyquote,ragged-right,texidoc] -@c {creating-slurs-across-voices.ly} - @seealso Learning Manual: @@ -114,10 +109,11 @@ Snippets: @knownissues -Dynamics are not centered, but workarounds do exist. See the -@q{piano centered dynamics} template in @rlearning{Piano templates}. - -@c TODO Find out status of the dynamics engravers +Dynamics are not automatically centered, but workarounds do exist. One +option is the @q{piano centered dynamics} template under +@rlearning{Piano templates}; another option is to increase the +@code{staff-padding} of dynamics as discussed in @rlearning{Moving +objects}. @node Changing staff manually @subsubsection Changing staff manually @@ -176,8 +172,8 @@ Learning Manual: @rlearning{Fixing overlapping notation}. Notation Reference: -@ref{Stems}, -@ref{Automatic beams}. +@ruser{Stems}, +@ruser{Automatic beams}. Snippets: @rlsr{Keyboards}. @@ -261,9 +257,8 @@ Internals Reference: The staff switches may not end up in optimal places. For high quality output, staff switches should be specified manually. -Chords will not be split across the staves; the staff will be -chosen by the first note named in the chord. - +Chords will not be split across the staves; they will be assigned to a +staff based on the first note named in the chord construct. @node Staff-change lines @subsubsection Staff-change lines @@ -339,9 +334,8 @@ staff, or vice versa. @end lilypond @snippets -@c @lilypondfile[verbatim,lilyquote,ragged-right,texidoc] -@c {indicating-cross-staff-chords-with-arpeggio-bracket.ly} - +@lilypondfile[verbatim,lilyquote,ragged-right,texidoc] +{indicating-cross-staff-chords-with-arpeggio-bracket.ly} @seealso @@ -354,95 +348,108 @@ Internals Reference: @node Piano @subsection Piano +This section discusses notation issues that relate most directly to the +piano. + @menu * Piano pedals:: @end menu @node Piano pedals @subsubsection Piano pedals -@cindex Pedals - -Pianos have pedals that alter the way sound is produced. Generally, a -piano has three pedals, sustain, una corda, and sostenuto. - - -Piano pedal instruction can be expressed by attaching -@code{\sustainDown}, @code{\sustainUp}, @code{\unaCorda}, -@code{\treCorde}, @code{\sostenutoDown} and @code{\sostenutoUp} to a -note or chord - -@lilypond[quote,ragged-right,fragment,verbatim] -c'4\sustainDown c'4\sustainUp -@end lilypond - -What is printed can be modified by setting @code{pedal@var{X}Strings}, -where @var{X} is one of the pedal types: @code{Sustain}, -@code{Sostenuto} or @code{UnaCorda}. Refer to -@rinternals{SustainPedal} in the program reference for more -information. - -Pedals can also be indicated by a sequence of brackets, by setting the -@code{pedalSustainStyle} property to bracket objects +@cindex piano pedals +@cindex pedals, piano +@cindex sustain pedal +@cindex sostenuto pedal +@cindex una corde +@cindex tre corde +@funindex \sustainDown +@funindex \sustainUp +@funindex \sostenutoDown +@funindex \sostenutoUp +@funindex \unaCorda +@funindex \treCorde + +Pianos generally have three pedals that alter the way sound is +produced: @notation{sustain}, @notation{sostenuto} +(@notation{sos.}), and @notation{una corde} (@notation{U.C.}). +Sustain pedals are also found on vibraphones and celestas. @lilypond[quote,ragged-right,fragment,verbatim,relative=2] -\set Staff.pedalSustainStyle = #'bracket -c\sustainDown d e -b\sustainUp\sustainDown -b g \sustainUp a \sustainDown \bar "|." +c4\sustainDown d e g +1\sustainUp +c4\sostenutoDown e g c, +1\sostenutoUp +c4\unaCorda d e g +1\treCorde @end lilypond -A third style of pedal notation is a mixture of text and brackets, -obtained by setting the @code{pedalSustainStyle} property to -@code{mixed} +There are three styles of pedal indications: text, bracket, and mixed. +The sustain pedal and the una corda pedal use the text style by default +while the sostenuto pedal uses mixed by default. @lilypond[quote,ragged-right,fragment,verbatim,relative=2] +c4\sustainDown g c2\sustainUp \set Staff.pedalSustainStyle = #'mixed -c\sustainDown d e -b\sustainUp\sustainDown -b g \sustainUp a \sustainDown \bar "|." -@end lilypond - -The default @q{*Ped.} style for sustain and damper pedals corresponds to -style @code{#'text}. The sostenuto pedal uses @code{mixed} style by -default. - -@lilypond[quote,ragged-right,fragment,verbatim,relative=2] -c\sostenutoDown d e c, f g a\sostenutoUp +c4\sustainDown g c d +d\sustainUp\sustainDown g, c2\sustainUp +\set Staff.pedalSustainStyle = #'bracket +c4\sustainDown g c d +d\sustainUp\sustainDown g, c2 +\bar "|." @end lilypond -For fine-tuning the appearance of a pedal bracket, the properties -@code{edge-width}, @code{edge-height}, and @code{shorten-pair} of -@code{PianoPedalBracket} objects (see -@rinternals{PianoPedalBracket} in the Internals Reference) can be -modified. For example, the bracket may be extended to the right edge -of the note head - -@lilypond[quote,ragged-right,fragment,verbatim,relative=2] -\override Staff.PianoPedalBracket #'shorten-pair = #'(0 . -1.0) -c\sostenutoDown d e c, f g a\sostenutoUp -@end lilypond +The placement of the pedal commands matches the physical movement of the +sustain pedal during piano performance. Pedalling to the final bar line +is indicated by omitting the final pedal up command. -@noindent -Note that overrides must be placed before the note at which the -pedal bracket starts. +@seealso -@c TODO Check relative positions of the sustain pedal and -@c dynamics are correct (they collided in 2.11.44). -@c Give example showing this. +Notation Reference: +@ref{Ties}. -@seealso +Snippets: +@rlsr{Keyboards}. -Notation Reference: @ref{Ties} (laissez vibrer). +Internals Reference: +@rinternals{SustainPedal}, +@rinternals{SustainPedalLineSpanner}, +@rinternals{SostenutoPedal}, +@rinternals{SostenutoPedalLineSpanner}, +@rinternals{UnaCordaPedal}, +@rinternals{UnaCordaPedalLineSpanner}, +@rinternals{PianoPedalBracket}, +@rinternals{Piano_pedal_engraver}. @node Accordion @subsection Accordion +This section discusses notation that is unique to the accordion. + @menu * Discant symbols:: @end menu @node Discant symbols @subsubsection Discant symbols +@cindex accordion discant symbols +@cindex discant symbols, accordion +@cindex accordion shifts + +Accordions are often built with more than one set of reeds that may be +in unison with, an octave above, or an octave below the written pitch. +Each accordion maker has different names for the @notation{shifts} that +select the various reed combinations, such as @notation{oboe}, +@notation{musette}, or @notation{bandonium}, so a system of symbols has +come into use to simplify the performance instructions. -@c TODO Add text from -user and lsr 194 -TBC +@snippets + +@c This snippet should work once it's been tagged for the docs. +@c @lilypondfile[verbatim,lilyquote,ragged-right,texidoc] +@c {accordion-discant-symbols.ly} + +@seealso + +Snippets: +@rlsr{Keyboards}.