X-Git-Url: https://git.donarmstrong.com/?a=blobdiff_plain;f=Documentation%2Fnotation%2Fwind.itely;h=9a86ca6d670ed6f5650e02c842bb5b3297153dad;hb=2055f35c47a045a50a01ff4dba8524322cfc3b48;hp=65071975540e0fb5a6ca9abe98c100a5462ed4df;hpb=3d8089a42af6304edb8dad56220e845c84832bb2;p=lilypond.git diff --git a/Documentation/notation/wind.itely b/Documentation/notation/wind.itely index 6507197554..9a86ca6d67 100644 --- a/Documentation/notation/wind.itely +++ b/Documentation/notation/wind.itely @@ -3,28 +3,30 @@ Translation of GIT committish: FILL-IN-HEAD-COMMITTISH When revising a translation, copy the HEAD committish of the - version that you are working on. See TRANSLATION for details. + version that you are working on. For details, see the Contributors' + Guide, node Updating translation committishes.. @end ignore -@c \version "2.12.0" +@c \version "2.14.0" @node Wind instruments @section Wind instruments @lilypondfile[quote]{wind-headword.ly} -This section includes some elements of music notation that arise when -writing for winds. +This section includes elements of music notation that arise when +writing specifically for wind instruments. @menu * Common notation for wind instruments:: * Bagpipes:: +* Woodwinds:: @end menu @node Common notation for wind instruments @subsection Common notation for wind instruments -This section discusses some issues common to most wind instruments. +This section discusses notation common to most wind instruments. @menu * References for wind instruments:: @@ -43,34 +45,35 @@ tonguing: @item Breathing can be specified by rests or @ref{Breath marks}. @item Legato playing is indicated by @ref{Slurs}. @item Different types of tonguings, ranging from legato to non-legato to -stacatto are usually shown by articulation marks, sometimes combined -with slurs, see @ref{Articulations and ornamentations} and @ref{List of -articulations}. +staccato are usually shown by articulation marks, sometimes combined +with slurs, see @ref{Articulations and ornamentations} and +@ref{List of articulations}. @item Flutter tonguing is usually indicated by placing a tremolo mark -and a text markup on the note. See @ref{Tremolo repeats}. +and a text markup on the note. See @ref{Tremolo repeats}. @end itemize -There are also other aspects of musical notation that can apply to wind -instruments: +Other aspects of musical notation that can apply to wind instruments: @itemize -@item Many wind instruments are transposing intruments, see +@item Many wind instruments are transposing instruments, see @ref{Instrument transpositions}. @item The slide glissando are characteristic of the trombone, but other -winds may perform keyed or valved glissandi. See @ref{Glissando}. +winds may perform keyed or valved glissandi. See @ref{Glissando}. @item Harmonic series glissandi, which are possible on all brass instruments but common for French Horns, are usually written out as @ref{Grace notes}. -@item Pitch inflections at the end of a note are discussed in @ref{Falls -and doits}. +@item Pitch inflections at the end of a note are discussed in +@ref{Falls and doits}. @item Key slaps or valve slaps are often shown by the @code{cross} style of @ref{Special note heads}. -@item Woodwinds can overblow low notes to sound harmonics. These are -shown by the @code{flageolet} articulation. See @ref{List of articulations}. +@item Woodwinds can overblow low notes to sound harmonics. These are +shown by the @code{flageolet} articulation. +See @ref{List of articulations}. @item The use of brass mutes is usually indicated by a text markup, but where there are many rapid changes it is better to use the -@code{stopped} and @code{open} articulations. See @ref{Articulations and -ornamentations} and @ref{List of articulations}. +@code{stopped} and @code{open} articulations. +See @ref{Articulations and ornamentations} and +@ref{List of articulations}. @item Stopped horns are indicated by the @code{stopped} articulation. See @ref{Articulations and ornamentations}. @end itemize @@ -95,22 +98,40 @@ Notation Reference: @ref{Special note heads}, Snippets: -@rlsr{Winds} +@rlsr{Winds}. @node Fingerings @unnumberedsubsubsec Fingerings -@c TODO add link to LSR snippet by Libero Mureddo once he has added -@c it (after August 15th). + All wind instruments other than the trombone require the use of several -fingers to produce each pitch. +fingers to produce each pitch. Some fingering examples are shown in +the snippets below. + +Woodwind diagrams can be produced and are described in +@ref{Woodwind diagrams}. + +@snippets + +@lilypondfile[verbatim,lilyquote,texidoc,doctitle] +{fingering-symbols-for-wind-instruments.ly} + +@lilypondfile[verbatim,lilyquote,texidoc,doctitle] +{recorder-fingering-chart.ly} + +@seealso + +Notation Reference: +@ref{Woodwind diagrams}. + +Snippets: +@rlsr{Winds}. -TBC @node Bagpipes @subsection Bagpipes -This section includes extra information for writing for bagpipes. +This section discusses notation common bagpipes. @menu * Bagpipe definitions:: @@ -130,15 +151,15 @@ This section includes extra information for writing for bagpipes. @funindex \showKeySignature @funindex showKeySignature -LilyPond contains special definitions for music for the Scottish -highland bagpipe; to use them, add +LilyPond contains special definitions for Scottish, Highland Bagpipe +music; to use them, add @example \include "bagpipe.ly" @end example @noindent -at the top of your input file. This lets you add the special grace notes +to the top of your input file. This lets you add the special grace notes common to bagpipe music with short commands. For example, you could write @code{\taor} instead of @@ -146,7 +167,7 @@ write @code{\taor} instead of \grace @{ \small G32[ d G e] @} @end example -@code{bagpipe.ly} also contains pitch definitions for the bagpipe +@file{bagpipe.ly} also contains pitch definitions for the bagpipe notes in the appropriate octaves, so you do not need to worry about @code{\relative} or @code{\transpose}. @@ -169,7 +190,7 @@ music. @seealso -@rlsr{Winds} +@rlsr{Winds}. @node Bagpipe example @@ -220,4 +241,196 @@ notation. @seealso -@rlsr{Winds} +@rlsr{Winds}. + +@node Woodwinds +@subsection Woodwinds + +This section discusses notation specifically for woodwind instruments. + +@menu +* Woodwind diagrams:: +@end menu + +@node Woodwind diagrams +@subsubsection Woodwind diagrams + +Woodwind diagrams can be used to indicate the fingering to be used +for specific notes and are available for the following instruments: + +@itemize +@item piccolo +@item flute +@item oboe +@item clarinet +@item bass clarinet +@item saxophone +@item bassoon +@item contrabassoon +@end itemize + +@noindent +Woodwind diagrams are created as markups: + + +@lilypond[verbatim,quote,relative=2] +c1^\markup { + \woodwind-diagram #'piccolo #'((lh . (gis)) + (cc . (one three)) + (rh . (ees))) +} +@end lilypond + +Keys can be open, partially-covered, ring-depressed, or fully covered: + +@lilypond[verbatim,quote,relative=2] +\textLengthOn +c1^\markup { + \center-column { + "one quarter" + \woodwind-diagram #'flute #'((cc . (one1q)) + (lh . ()) + (rh . ())) + } +} + +c1^\markup { + \center-column { + "one half" + \woodwind-diagram #'flute #'((cc . (one1h)) + (lh . ()) + (rh . ())) + } +} + +c1^\markup { + \center-column { + "three quarter" + \woodwind-diagram #'flute #'((cc . (one3q)) + (lh . ()) + (rh . ())) + } +} + +c1^\markup { + \center-column { + "ring" + \woodwind-diagram #'flute #'((cc . (oneR)) + (lh . ()) + (rh . ())) + } +} + +c1^\markup { + \center-column { + "full" + \woodwind-diagram #'flute #'((cc . (oneF two)) + (lh . ()) + (rh . ())) + } +} +@end lilypond + +Trills are indicated as shaded keys: + +@lilypond[verbatim,quote,relative=2] +c1^\markup { + \woodwind-diagram #'bass-clarinet + #'((cc . (threeT four)) + (lh . ()) + (rh . (b fis))) +} +@end lilypond + +A variety of trills can be displayed: + +@lilypond[verbatim,quote,relative=2] +\textLengthOn +c1^\markup { + \center-column { + "one quarter to ring" + \woodwind-diagram #'flute #'((cc . (one1qTR)) + (lh . ()) + (rh . ())) + } +} + +c1^\markup { + \center-column { + "ring to shut" + \woodwind-diagram #'flute #'((cc . (oneTR)) + (lh . ()) + (rh . ())) + } +} + +c1^\markup { + \center-column { + "ring to open" + \woodwind-diagram #'flute #'((cc . (oneRT)) + (lh . ()) + (rh . ())) + } +} + +c1^\markup { + \center-column { + "open to shut" + \woodwind-diagram #'flute #'((cc . (oneT)) + (lh . ()) + (rh . ())) + } +} + +c1^\markup { + \center-column { + "one quarter to three quarters" + \woodwind-diagram #'flute #'((cc . (one1qT3q)) + (lh . ()) + (rh . ())) + } +} +@end lilypond + +The list of all possible keys and settings for a given instrument +can be displayed on the console or in the log file, although they +will not show up in the music output: + +@lilypond[verbatim,quote] + +#(print-keys-verbose 'flute) + +@end lilypond + +New diagrams can be created by following the patterns in +@file{scm/define-woodwind-diagrams.scm} and +@file{scm/display-woodwind-diagrams.scm}. However, this will +require Scheme ability and may not be accessible to all users. + +@predefined +@endpredefined + +@snippets +@lilypondfile[verbatim,lilyquote,texidoc,doctitle] +{woodwind-diagrams-listing.ly} + +@lilypondfile[verbatim,lilyquote,texidoc,doctitle] +{graphical-and-text-woodwind-diagrams.ly} + +@lilypondfile[verbatim,lilyquote,texidoc,doctitle] +{changing-the-size-of-woodwind-diagrams.ly} + +@lilypondfile[verbatim,lilyquote,texidoc,doctitle] +{woodwind-diagrams-key-lists.ly} + +@seealso + +Installed Files: +@file{scm/define-woodwind-diagrams.scm}, +@file{scm/display-woodwind-diagrams.scm}. + +Snippets: @rlsr{Winds}. + +Internals Reference: +@rinternals{TextScript}, +@rinternals{instrument-specific-markup-interface}.