X-Git-Url: https://git.donarmstrong.com/?a=blobdiff_plain;f=Documentation%2Fnotation%2Fpitches.itely;h=6ea4585f74e700fab0599310830875d1c182a4e4;hb=d36171e34d236d890f5dc511b895037188c6c7cb;hp=2f7b822d9bc3cb7c5685a5d3ee31702a3ecfc90f;hpb=94644b3a701073c99eabb88d95b20cd3f3ac5af0;p=lilypond.git diff --git a/Documentation/notation/pitches.itely b/Documentation/notation/pitches.itely index 2f7b822d9b..6ea4585f74 100644 --- a/Documentation/notation/pitches.itely +++ b/Documentation/notation/pitches.itely @@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ Guide, node Updating translation committishes.. @end ignore -@c \version "2.19.2" +@c \version "2.19.21" @node Pitches @@ -162,10 +162,10 @@ absolute octave mode. Which choices are meaningful? Identifying middle C with @code{c'} is quite basic, so finding octaves of @code{c} tends to be straightforward. If your music starts with @code{gis} above @code{c'''}, you'd write something -like @code{\relative c''' @{ gis' @dots{} @}} +like @code{\relative @{ gis''' @dots{} @}} @item an octave of the first note inside -Writing @code{\relative gis''' @{ gis @dots{} @}} makes it easy to +Writing @code{\relative @{ gis''' @dots{} @}} makes it easy to determine the absolute pitch of the first note inside. @item no explicit starting pitch @@ -181,7 +181,7 @@ The documentation will usually employ the first option. Here is the relative mode shown in action: @lilypond[verbatim,quote] -\relative c { +\relative { \clef bass c d e f g a b c @@ -193,8 +193,8 @@ Octave changing marks are used for intervals greater than a fourth: @lilypond[verbatim,quote] -\relative c'' { - c g c f, +\relative { + c'' g c f, c' a, e'' c } @end lilypond @@ -203,7 +203,7 @@ A note sequence without a single octave mark can nevertheless span large intervals: @lilypond[verbatim,quote] -\relative c { +\relative { c f b e a d g c } @@ -213,10 +213,10 @@ When @code{\relative} blocks are nested, the innermost @code{\relative} block applies. @lilypond[verbatim,quote] -\relative c' { - c d e f - \relative c'' { - c d e f +\relative { + c' d e f + \relative { + c'' d e f } } @end lilypond @@ -238,12 +238,12 @@ Music inside a @code{\transpose} block is absolute unless a @code{\relative} is included. @lilypond[verbatim,quote] -\relative c' { - d e +\relative { + d' e \transpose f g { d e - \relative c' { - d e + \relative { + d' e } } } @@ -260,8 +260,8 @@ relative to the preceding one. Examine the next example carefully, paying attention to the @code{c} notes. @lilypond[verbatim,quote] -\relative c' { - c +\relative { + c' @@ -277,8 +277,8 @@ double-diminished fifth, regardless of the number of semitones that each interval contains. @lilypond[verbatim,quote] -\relative c'' { - c2 fis +\relative { + c''2 fis c2 ges b2 eisis b2 feses @@ -468,8 +468,8 @@ using Italian note names: @lilypond[quote,verbatim] \language "italiano" -\relative do' { - do re mi sib +\relative { + do' re mi sib } @end lilypond @@ -641,8 +641,8 @@ octave @code{d''} instead of @code{d'} as indicated by the octave correction. @lilypond[verbatim,quote] -\relative c'' { - c2 d='4 d +\relative { + c''2 d='4 d e2 f } @end lilypond @@ -657,8 +657,8 @@ printed, but the previous note is not changed. Future notes are relative to the @code{@var{controlpitch}}. @lilypond[verbatim,quote] -\relative c'' { - c2 d +\relative { + c''2 d \octaveCheck c' e2 f } @@ -668,8 +668,8 @@ Compare the two bars below. The first and third @code{\octaveCheck} checks fail, but the second one does not fail. @lilypond[verbatim,quote] -\relative c'' { - c4 f g f +\relative { + c''4 f g f c4 \octaveCheck c' @@ -727,9 +727,9 @@ automatically transposed as well. @lilypond[verbatim,quote] \transpose d e { - \relative c' { + \relative { \key d \major - d4 fis a d + d'4 fis a d } } @end lilypond @@ -744,9 +744,9 @@ part will be produced with: @lilypond[verbatim,quote] \transpose a c' { - \relative c' { + \relative { \key c \major - c4 d e g + c'4 d e g } } @end lilypond @@ -763,7 +763,7 @@ the notes will remain on the same scale step, the second version will print flats on the scale step above. @lilypond[verbatim,quote] -music = \relative c' { c d e f } +music = \relative { c' d e f } \new Staff { \transpose c cis { \music } \transpose c des { \music } @@ -855,7 +855,7 @@ The @code{@var{musicexpr}} is inverted interval-by-interval around @code{@var{around-pitch}} is mapped to @code{@var{to-pitch}}. @lilypond[verbatim,quote] -music = \relative c' { c d e f } +music = \relative { c' d e f } \new Staff { \music \inversion d' d' \music @@ -886,7 +886,7 @@ Notation Reference: A music expression can be reversed to produce its retrograde: @lilypond[verbatim,quote] -music = \relative c' { c8. ees16( fis8. a16 b8.) gis16 f8. d16 } +music = \relative { c'8. ees16( fis8. a16 b8.) gis16 f8. d16 } \new Staff { \music @@ -942,8 +942,8 @@ number of scale degrees given by the interval between @var{to-pitch} and @var{from-pitch}: @lilypond[verbatim,quote] -diatonicScale = \relative c' { c d e f g a b } -motif = \relative c' { c8 d e f g a b c } +diatonicScale = \relative { c' d e f g a b } +motif = \relative { c'8 d e f g a b c } \new Staff { \motif @@ -956,8 +956,8 @@ An ascending scale of any length and with any intervals may be specified: @lilypond[verbatim,quote] -pentatonicScale = \relative c' { ges aes bes des ees } -motif = \relative c' { ees8 des ges,4 } +pentatonicScale = \relative { ges aes bes des ees } +motif = \relative { ees'8 des ges,4 } \new Staff { \motif @@ -970,8 +970,8 @@ similar effect to @code{\transpose}, but with the ability to specify the names of the notes to be used: @lilypond[verbatim,quote] -chromaticScale = \relative c' { c cis d dis e f fis g gis a ais b } -motif = \relative c' { c8 d e f g a b c } +chromaticScale = \relative { c' cis d dis e f fis g gis a ais b } +motif = \relative { c'8 d e f g a b c } \new Staff { \motif @@ -1005,8 +1005,8 @@ So to simply invert around a note in the scale use the same value for @var{around-pitch} and @var{to-pitch}: @lilypond[verbatim,quote] -octatonicScale = \relative c' { ees f fis gis a b c d } -motif = \relative c' { c8. ees16 fis8. a16 b8. gis16 f8. d16 } +octatonicScale = \relative { ees' f fis gis a b c d } +motif = \relative { c'8. ees16 fis8. a16 b8. gis16 f8. d16 } \new Staff { \motif @@ -1019,8 +1019,8 @@ one of the notes and then transpose by one scale degree. The two notes specified can be interpreted as bracketing the pivot point: @lilypond[verbatim,quote] -scale = \relative c' { c g' } -motive = \relative c' { c c g' c, } +scale = \relative { c' g' } +motive = \relative { c' c g' c, } \new Staff { \motive @@ -1032,8 +1032,8 @@ The combined operation of inversion and retrograde produce the retrograde-inversion: @lilypond[verbatim,quote] -octatonicScale = \relative c' { ees f fis gis a b c d } -motif = \relative c' { c8. ees16 fis8. a16 b8. gis16 f8. d16 } +octatonicScale = \relative { ees' f fis gis a b c d } +motif = \relative { c'8. ees16 fis8. a16 b8. gis16 f8. d16 } \new Staff { \motif @@ -1348,8 +1348,8 @@ for each scale step when the mode starts on C. freygish = #`((0 . ,NATURAL) (1 . ,FLAT) (2 . ,NATURAL) (3 . ,NATURAL) (4 . ,NATURAL) (5 . ,FLAT) (6 . ,FLAT)) -\relative c' { - \key c \freygish c4 des e f +\relative { + \key c \freygish c'4 des e f \bar "||" \key d \freygish d es fis g } @end lilypond @@ -1607,12 +1607,12 @@ each style, we use the following example: @lilypond[verbatim,quote] musicA = { << - \relative c' { - cis'8 fis, bes4 8 f bis4 | + \relative { + cis''8 fis, bes4 8 f bis4 | cis2. 4 | } \\ - \relative c' { + \relative { ais'2 cis, | fis8 b a4 cis2 | } @@ -1622,8 +1622,8 @@ musicA = { musicB = { \clef bass \new Voice { - \voiceTwo \relative c' { - 8[ + \voiceTwo \relative { + 8[ \change Staff = up cis' cis \change Staff = down @@ -1690,12 +1690,12 @@ last@tie{}@code{c}: @lilypond[quote] musicA = { << - \relative c' { - cis'8 fis, bes4 8 f bis4 | + \relative { + cis''8 fis, bes4 8 f bis4 | cis2. 4 | } \\ - \relative c' { + \relative { ais'2 cis, | fis8 b a4 cis2 | } @@ -1705,8 +1705,8 @@ musicA = { musicB = { \clef bass \new Voice { - \voiceTwo \relative c' { - 8[ + \voiceTwo \relative { + 8[ \change Staff = up cis' cis \change Staff = down @@ -1763,12 +1763,12 @@ individual musicians. If the staff is to be used by one musician @lilypond[quote] musicA = { << - \relative c' { - cis'8 fis, bes4 8 f bis4 | + \relative { + cis''8 fis, bes4 8 f bis4 | cis2. 4 | } \\ - \relative c' { + \relative { ais'2 cis, | fis8 b a4 cis2 | } @@ -1778,8 +1778,8 @@ musicA = { musicB = { \clef bass \new Voice { - \voiceTwo \relative c' { - 8[ + \voiceTwo \relative { + 8[ \change Staff = up cis' cis \change Staff = down @@ -1829,12 +1829,12 @@ the upper staff: @lilypond[quote] musicA = { << - \relative c' { - cis'8 fis, bes4 8 f bis4 | + \relative { + cis''8 fis, bes4 8 f bis4 | cis2. 4 | } \\ - \relative c' { + \relative { ais'2 cis, | fis8 b a4 cis2 | } @@ -1844,8 +1844,8 @@ musicA = { musicB = { \clef bass \new Voice { - \voiceTwo \relative c' { - 8[ + \voiceTwo \relative { + 8[ \change Staff = up cis' cis \change Staff = down @@ -1893,12 +1893,12 @@ defining the @code{cautionary-style} property of @lilypond[quote] musicA = { << - \relative c' { - cis'8 fis, bes4 8 f bis4 | + \relative { + cis''8 fis, bes4 8 f bis4 | cis2. 4 | } \\ - \relative c' { + \relative { ais'2 cis, | fis8 b a4 cis2 | } @@ -1908,8 +1908,8 @@ musicA = { musicB = { \clef bass \new Voice { - \voiceTwo \relative c' { - 8[ + \voiceTwo \relative { + 8[ \change Staff = up cis' cis \change Staff = down @@ -1960,12 +1960,12 @@ accidental in a different voice in the previous measure: @lilypond[quote] musicA = { << - \relative c' { - cis'8 fis, bes4 8 f bis4 | + \relative { + cis''8 fis, bes4 8 f bis4 | cis2. 4 | } \\ - \relative c' { + \relative { ais'2 cis, | fis8 b a4 cis2 | } @@ -1975,8 +1975,8 @@ musicA = { musicB = { \clef bass \new Voice { - \voiceTwo \relative c' { - 8[ + \voiceTwo \relative { + 8[ \change Staff = up cis' cis \change Staff = down @@ -2021,12 +2021,12 @@ typeset as cautionaries. @lilypond[quote] musicA = { << - \relative c' { - cis'8 fis, bes4 8 f bis4 | + \relative { + cis''8 fis, bes4 8 f bis4 | cis2. 4 | } \\ - \relative c' { + \relative { ais'2 cis, | fis8 b a4 cis2 | } @@ -2036,8 +2036,8 @@ musicA = { musicB = { \clef bass \new Voice { - \voiceTwo \relative c' { - 8[ + \voiceTwo \relative { + 8[ \change Staff = up cis' cis \change Staff = down @@ -2086,12 +2086,12 @@ This accidental style applies to the current @code{GrandStaff} or @lilypond[quote] musicA = { << - \relative c' { - cis'8 fis, bes4 8 f bis4 | + \relative { + cis''8 fis, bes4 8 f bis4 | cis2. 4 | } \\ - \relative c' { + \relative { ais'2 cis, | fis8 b a4 cis2 | } @@ -2101,8 +2101,8 @@ musicA = { musicB = { \clef bass \new Voice { - \voiceTwo \relative c' { - 8[ + \voiceTwo \relative { + 8[ \change Staff = up cis' cis \change Staff = down @@ -2146,12 +2146,12 @@ typeset as cautionaries. @lilypond[quote] musicA = { << - \relative c' { - cis'8 fis, bes4 8 f bis4 | + \relative { + cis''8 fis, bes4 8 f bis4 | cis2. 4 | } \\ - \relative c' { + \relative { ais'2 cis, | fis8 b a4 cis2 | } @@ -2161,8 +2161,8 @@ musicA = { musicB = { \clef bass \new Voice { - \voiceTwo \relative c' { - 8[ + \voiceTwo \relative { + 8[ \change Staff = up cis' cis \change Staff = down @@ -2205,12 +2205,12 @@ if the note is immediately repeated. @lilypond[quote] musicA = { << - \relative c' { - cis'8 fis, bes4 8 f bis4 | + \relative { + cis''8 fis, bes4 8 f bis4 | cis2. 4 | } \\ - \relative c' { + \relative { ais'2 cis, | fis8 b a4 cis2 | } @@ -2220,8 +2220,8 @@ musicA = { musicB = { \clef bass \new Voice { - \voiceTwo \relative c' { - 8[ + \voiceTwo \relative { + 8[ \change Staff = up cis' cis \change Staff = down @@ -2262,12 +2262,12 @@ accidentals are printed as cautionary accidentals. @lilypond[quote] musicA = { << - \relative c' { - cis'8 fis, bes4 8 f bis4 | + \relative { + cis''8 fis, bes4 8 f bis4 | cis2. 4 | } \\ - \relative c' { + \relative { ais'2 cis, | fis8 b a4 cis2 | } @@ -2277,8 +2277,8 @@ musicA = { musicB = { \clef bass \new Voice { - \voiceTwo \relative c' { - 8[ + \voiceTwo \relative { + 8[ \change Staff = up cis' cis \change Staff = down @@ -2322,12 +2322,12 @@ but they are canceled across voices in the same @code{Staff}. @lilypond[quote] musicA = { << - \relative c' { - cis'8 fis, bes4 8 f bis4 | + \relative { + cis''8 fis, bes4 8 f bis4 | cis2. 4 | } \\ - \relative c' { + \relative { ais'2 cis, | fis8 b a4 cis2 | } @@ -2337,8 +2337,8 @@ musicA = { musicB = { \clef bass \new Voice { - \voiceTwo \relative c' { - 8[ + \voiceTwo \relative { + 8[ \change Staff = up cis' cis \change Staff = down @@ -2379,12 +2379,12 @@ accidentals are printed as cautionary accidentals. @lilypond[quote] musicA = { << - \relative c' { - cis'8 fis, bes4 8 f bis4 | + \relative { + cis''8 fis, bes4 8 f bis4 | cis2. 4 | } \\ - \relative c' { + \relative { ais'2 cis, | fis8 b a4 cis2 | } @@ -2394,8 +2394,8 @@ musicA = { musicB = { \clef bass \new Voice { - \voiceTwo \relative c' { - 8[ + \voiceTwo \relative { + 8[ \change Staff = up cis' cis \change Staff = down @@ -2439,12 +2439,12 @@ including natural signs. @lilypond[quote] musicA = { << - \relative c' { - cis'8 fis, bes4 8 f bis4 | + \relative { + cis''8 fis, bes4 8 f bis4 | cis2. 4 | } \\ - \relative c' { + \relative { ais'2 cis, | fis8 b a4 cis2 | } @@ -2454,8 +2454,8 @@ musicA = { musicB = { \clef bass \new Voice { - \voiceTwo \relative c' { - 8[ + \voiceTwo \relative { + 8[ \change Staff = up cis' cis \change Staff = down @@ -2497,12 +2497,12 @@ suppressed for pitches immediately repeated within the same staff. @lilypond[quote] musicA = { << - \relative c' { - cis'8 fis, bes4 8 f bis4 | + \relative { + cis''8 fis, bes4 8 f bis4 | cis2. 4 | } \\ - \relative c' { + \relative { ais'2 cis, | fis8 b a4 cis2 | } @@ -2512,8 +2512,8 @@ musicA = { musicB = { \clef bass \new Voice { - \voiceTwo \relative c' { - 8[ + \voiceTwo \relative { + 8[ \change Staff = up cis' cis \change Staff = down @@ -2557,12 +2557,12 @@ but throughout voices. @lilypond[quote] musicA = { << - \relative c' { - cis'8 fis, bes4 8 f bis4 | + \relative { + cis''8 fis, bes4 8 f bis4 | cis2. 4 | } \\ - \relative c' { + \relative { ais'2 cis, | fis8 b a4 cis2 | } @@ -2572,8 +2572,8 @@ musicA = { musicB = { \clef bass \new Voice { - \voiceTwo \relative c' { - 8[ + \voiceTwo \relative { + 8[ \change Staff = up cis' cis \change Staff = down @@ -2618,12 +2618,12 @@ key signature, except if the note is immediately repeated. @lilypond[quote,staffsize=18] musicA = { << - \relative c' { - cis'8 fis, bes4 8 f bis4 | + \relative { + cis''8 fis, bes4 8 f bis4 | cis2. 4 | } \\ - \relative c' { + \relative { ais'2 cis, | fis8 b a4 cis2 | } @@ -2633,8 +2633,8 @@ musicA = { musicB = { \clef bass \new Voice { - \voiceTwo \relative c' { - 8[ + \voiceTwo \relative { + 8[ \change Staff = up cis' cis \change Staff = down @@ -2679,12 +2679,12 @@ This is the same as @code{default} but with accidentals lasting @lilypond[quote] musicA = { << - \relative c' { - cis'8 fis, bes4 8 f bis4 | + \relative { + cis''8 fis, bes4 8 f bis4 | cis2. 4 | } \\ - \relative c' { + \relative { ais'2 cis, | fis8 b a4 cis2 | } @@ -2694,8 +2694,8 @@ musicA = { musicB = { \clef bass \new Voice { - \voiceTwo \relative c' { - 8[ + \voiceTwo \relative { + 8[ \change Staff = up cis' cis \change Staff = down @@ -2738,12 +2738,12 @@ the music. @lilypond[quote] musicA = { << - \relative c' { - cis'8 fis, bes4 8 f bis4 | + \relative { + cis''8 fis, bes4 8 f bis4 | cis2. 4 | } \\ - \relative c' { + \relative { ais'2 cis, | fis8 b a4 cis2 | } @@ -2753,8 +2753,8 @@ musicA = { musicB = { \clef bass \new Voice { - \voiceTwo \relative c' { - 8[ + \voiceTwo \relative { + 8[ \change Staff = up cis' cis \change Staff = down @@ -2879,8 +2879,8 @@ printed if they are not part of the key signature. } } -\relative c'' { - aes c e2 +\relative { + aes' c e2 cis,1 } @end lilypond