the vesicle, and $un_\mathrm{monomer}$ is the average unsaturation. In
this equation, as the average unsaturation of the vesicle is larger,
-\begin{equation}
- un_b = 10^{\left(2^{- \left< un_\mathrm{ves} \right> }
- -2^{-un_\mathrm{monomer}}\right)^2}
- \label{eq:unsaturation_backward}
-\end{equation}
-
-The most common $\left<un_\mathrm{ves}\right>$ is around $1.7$, which leads to
-a range of $\Delta \Delta G^\ddagger$ from
-$\Sexpr{format(digits=3,to.kcal(10^((2^-1.7-2^-0)^2)))}
-\frac{\mathrm{kcal}}{\mathrm{mol}}$ for monomers with 0 unsaturation
-to
-$\Sexpr{format(digits=3,to.kcal(10^((2^-1.7-2^-4)^2)))}\frac{\mathrm{kcal}}{\mathrm{mol}}$
-for monomers with 4 unsaturations.
-
-
-<<fig=TRUE,echo=FALSE,results=hide,width=7,height=7>>=
-grid <- expand.grid(x=seq(0,4,length.out=20),
- y=seq(0,4,length.out=20))
-grid$z <- 10^((2^-grid$x-2^-grid$y)^2)
-print(wireframe(z~x*y,grid,cuts=50,
- drape=TRUE,
- scales=list(arrows=FALSE),
- xlab=list("Average Vesicle Unsaturation",rot=30),
- ylab=list("Monomer Unsaturation",rot=-35),
- zlab=list("Unsaturation Backward",rot=93)))
-rm(grid)
-@
-<<fig=TRUE,echo=FALSE,results=hide,width=7,height=7>>=
-grid <- expand.grid(x=seq(0,4,length.out=20),
- y=seq(0,4,length.out=20))
-grid$z <- to.kcal(10^((2^-grid$x-2^-grid$y)^2))
-print(wireframe(z~x*y,grid,cuts=50,
- drape=TRUE,
- scales=list(arrows=FALSE),
- xlab=list("Average Vesicle Unsaturation",rot=30),
- ylab=list("Monomer Unsaturation",rot=-35),
- zlab=list("Unsaturation Backward (kcal/mol)",rot=93)))
-rm(grid)
-@
-
-\subsubsection{Unsaturation Backward II}
-
-Unsaturation also influences the ability of a lipid molecule to leave
-a membrane. If a molecule has an unsaturation level which is different
-from the surrounding membrane, it will be more likely to leave the
-membrane. The more different the unsaturation level is, the greater
-the propensity for the lipid molecule to leave. However, a vesicle
-with some unsaturation is more favorable for lipids with more
-unsaturation than the equivalent amount of less unsatuturation, so the
-difference in energy between unsaturation is not linear. Therefore, an
-equation with the shape
-$x^{\left| y^{-\left< un_\mathrm{ves}\right> }-y^{-un_\mathrm{monomer}} \right| }$
-where $\left<un_\mathrm{ves}\right>$ is the average unsaturation of
-the vesicle, and $un_\mathrm{monomer}$ is the average unsaturation. In
-this equation, as the average unsaturation of the vesicle is larger,
-
\begin{equation}
un_b = 7^{1-\left(20\left(2^{-\left<un_\mathrm{vesicle} \right>} - 2^{-un_\mathrm{monomer}} \right)^2+1\right)^{-1}}
\label{eq:unsaturation_backward}