Guide, node Updating translation committishes..
@end ignore
-@c \version "2.17.6"
+@c \version "2.17.11"
@node Rhythms
@section Rhythms
@cindex tuplets
@cindex triplets
-@funindex \times
-@funindex times
+@funindex \tuplet
+@funindex tuplet
-Tuplets are made from a music expression by multiplying all the
-durations with a fraction:
+Tuplets are made from a music expression with the @code{\tuplet}
+command, multiplying the speed of the music expression by a
+fraction:
@example
-\times @var{fraction} @{ @var{music} @}
+\tuplet @var{fraction} @{ @var{music} @}
@end example
@noindent
-The duration of @code{@var{music}} will be multiplied by the
-fraction. The fraction's denominator will be printed over or
+The fraction's numerator will be printed over or
under the notes, optionally with a bracket. The most common
-tuplet is the triplet in which 3 notes have the duration of 2, so
-the notes are 2/3 of their written length.
+tuplets are triplets: 3@tie{}notes sound within the duration
+normally allowed for@tie{}2:
@lilypond[quote,verbatim,relative=2]
-a2 \times 2/3 { b4 b b }
-c4 c \times 2/3 { b4 a g }
+a2 \tuplet 3/2 { b4 b b }
+c4 c \tuplet 3/2 { b4 a g }
+@end lilypond
+
+@cindex tuplet grouping
+@noindent
+When entering long passages of tuplets, having to write a separate
+@code{\tuplet} command for each group is inconvenient. It is
+possible to specify the duration of one tuplet group directly
+before the music in order to have the tuplets grouped
+automatically:
+
+@lilypond[quote,verbatim,relative=2]
+g2 r8 \tuplet 3/2 8 { cis16 d e e f g g f e }
@end lilypond
@cindex tuplet bracket placement
@lilypond[quote,verbatim,relative=2]
\autoBeamOff
-c4 \times 4/5 { f8 e f \times 2/3 { e[ f g] } } f4
+c4 \tuplet 5/4 { f8 e f \tuplet 3/2 { e[ f g] } } f4
@end lilypond
Modifying nested tuplets which begin at the same musical moment
@knownissues
Grace notes may be placed within tuplet brackets, @emph{except}
when a staff begins with a grace note followed by a tuplet. In this
-particular case, the grace note must be placed before the @code{\times}
+particular case, the grace note must be placed before the @code{\tuplet}
command to avoid errors.
@cindex tempo marks within tuplet brackets
r4 e8 | a4 c8 b c4 |
@end lilypond
-The @code{\partial @var{duration}} can also be written as;
+@code{\partial @var{duration}} can also be written as:
@example
\set Timing.measurePosition -@var{duration}
@end example
-So @code{\partial 8} becomes:
+So the first example above could be written:
@lilypond[quote,verbatim,relative=1]
\time 3/4
-\set Timing.measurePosition = #(ly:make-moment -1 8)
+\set Timing.measurePosition = #(ly:make-moment -1/8)
e8 | a4 c8 b c4 |
@end lilypond
-The property @code{measurePosition} contains a rational number
-indicating how much of the measure has passed at this point. Note
-that this is set to a negative number by the @code{\partial} command:
-i.e., @code{\partial 4} is internally translated to @w{@code{-4}},
-meaning @qq{there is a quarter note left in the measure.}
+The property @code{measurePosition} contains a rational number, which
+is usually positive and indicates how much of the measure has passed
+at this point. The @code{\partial @var{duration}} command sets it to
+a negative number, when it has a different meaning: it then says that
+the current (first) bar will be @emph{preceded} by a bar 0 (the partial
+bar) with a duration given by @var{duration}.
@seealso
Music Glossary:
\time 6/8
\partial 8
e8 | a4 c8 b[ c b] |
-\set Timing.measurePosition = #(ly:make-moment -1 4)
+\set Timing.measurePosition = #(ly:make-moment -1/4)
r8 e,8 | a4 c8 b[ c b] |
@end lilypond
@funindex timeSignatureFraction
@funindex \scaleDurations
@funindex scaleDurations
-@funindex \times
-@funindex times
+@funindex \tuplet
+@funindex tuplet
Polymetric notation is supported explicitly or by manually modifying the
visible time signature symbol and/or scaling note durations.
\scaleDurations 3/5 {
\repeat unfold 2 { c8[ c c] }
\repeat unfold 2 { c8[ c] } |
- c4. c \times 2/3 { c8[ c c] } c4
+ c4. c \tuplet 3/2 { c8[ c c] } c4
}
}
>>
% Disable beamExceptions because they are definitely
% defined for 4/4 time
\set Timing.beamExceptions = #'()
-\set Timing.baseMoment = #(ly:make-moment 1 4)
+\set Timing.baseMoment = #(ly:make-moment 1/4)
\set Timing.beatStructure = #'(1 1 1 1)
a8^"changed" a a a a a a a
@end lilypond
@lilypond[quote,verbatim,relative=2]
\time 5/8
% No need to disable beamExceptions as they are not defined for 5/8 time
-\set Timing.baseMoment = #(ly:make-moment 1 16)
+\set Timing.baseMoment = #(ly:make-moment 1/16)
\set Timing.beatStructure = #'(7 3)
\repeat unfold 10 { a16 }
@end lilypond
@lilypond[quote,verbatim,relative=2]
\time 4/4
-\set Timing.baseMoment = #(ly:make-moment 1 8)
+\set Timing.baseMoment = #(ly:make-moment 1/8)
\set Timing.beatStructure = #'(3 3 2)
% This won't beam (3 3 2) because of beamExceptions
\repeat unfold 8 {c8} |
<<
\new Staff {
\time 3/4
- \set Timing.baseMoment = #(ly:make-moment 1 8)
+ \set Timing.baseMoment = #(ly:make-moment 1/8)
\set Timing.beatStructure = #'(1 5)
\repeat unfold 6 { a8 }
}
@lilypond[relative=1,verbatim,quote]
\override Beam.grow-direction = #LEFT
-\featherDurations #(ly:make-moment 2 1)
+\featherDurations #(ly:make-moment 2/1)
{ c16[ c c c c c c c] }
\override Beam.grow-direction = #RIGHT
-\featherDurations #(ly:make-moment 2 3)
+\featherDurations #(ly:make-moment 2/3)
{ c32[ d e f] }
% revert to non-feathered beams
\override Beam.grow-direction = #'()
@lilypond[quote,verbatim]
\new Voice \relative c' {
- \set Timing.measureLength = #(ly:make-moment 5 4)
+ \set Timing.measureLength = #(ly:make-moment 5/4)
c1 c4 |
c1 c4 |
c4 c
- \set Timing.measurePosition = #(ly:make-moment 5 8)
+ \set Timing.measurePosition = #(ly:make-moment 5/8)
b4 b b8 |
c4 c1 |
}
projects / lilypond.git / blobdiff