}
@end lilypond
-@funindex fixed
@funindex \fixed
Common octave marks can be entered just once on a reference pitch
after @code{\fixed} placed before the music. Pitches inside
@cindex relative octave specification
@cindex octave specification, relative
-@funindex relative
@funindex \relative
Absolute octave entry requires specifying the octave for every
determine the absolute pitch of the first note inside.
@item no explicit starting pitch
-The form @code{\relative @{ gis''' @dots{} @}}) serves
+The form @code{\relative @{ gis''' @dots{} @}} serves
as a compact version of the previous option: the first note
inside is written in absolute pitch itself. (This happens to be
equivalent to choosing @code{f} as the reference pitch.)
@cindex transposition and relative octave entry
@funindex \transpose
-@funindex transpose
@funindex \chordmode
-@funindex chordmode
@funindex \relative
-@funindex relative
@node Accidentals
@knownissues
There are no generally accepted standards for denoting
-quarter-tone accidentals, so LilyPond's symbol does not conform to
+quarter-tone accidentals, so LilyPond's symbols do not conform to
any standard.
The available languages and the note names they define are:
@quotation
-@multitable {@code{nederlands}} {do re mi fa sol la sib si}
+@multitable {@code{nederlands}} {do re/re mi fa sol la sib si}
@headitem Language
@tab Note Names
@item @code{nederlands}
@tab c d e f g a bf b
@item @code{espanol} or @code{español}
@tab do re mi fa sol la sib si
-@item @code{italiano} or @code{français}
+@item @code{français}
+ @tab do ré/re mi fa sol la sib si
+@item @code{italiano}
@tab do re mi fa sol la sib si
@item @code{norsk}
@tab c d e f g a b h
also vary depending on the language:
@quotation
-@multitable {@code{nederlands}} {-@code{s}/-@code{-sharp}} {-@code{ess}/-@code{es}} {-@code{ss}/-@code{x}/-@code{-sharpsharp}} {-@code{essess}/-@code{eses}}
+@multitable {@code{nederlands}} {-@code{s}/-@code{-sharp}} {-@code{f}/-@code{-flat}} {-@code{ss}/-@code{x}/-@code{-sharpsharp}} {-@code{ff}/-@code{-flatflat}}
@headitem Language
@tab sharp @tab flat @tab double sharp @tab double flat
@item @code{nederlands}
@tab -@code{ff}/-@code{-flatflat}
@item @code{espanol} or @code{español}
@tab -@code{s} @tab -@code{b} @tab -@code{ss}/-@code{x} @tab -@code{bb}
-@item @code{italiano} or @code{français}
+@item @code{français}
+ @tab -@code{d} @tab -@code{b} @tab -@code{dd}/-@code{x} @tab -@code{bb}
+@item @code{italiano}
@tab -@code{d} @tab -@code{b} @tab -@code{dd} @tab -@code{bb}
@item @code{norsk}
@tab -@code{iss}/-@code{is} @tab -@code{ess}/-@code{es} @tab -@code{ississ}/-@code{isis}
@tab -qs @tab -qf @tab -tqs @tab -tqf
@item @code{espanol} or @code{español}
@tab -cs @tab -cb @tab -tcs @tab -tcb
-@item @code{italiano} or @code{français}
+@item @code{français}
+ @tab -sd @tab -sb @tab -dsd @tab -bsb
+@item @code{italiano}
@tab -sd @tab -sb @tab -dsd @tab -bsb
@item @code{portugues}
@tab -sqt @tab -bqt @tab -stqt @tab -btqt
@funindex =
@funindex \octaveCheck
-@funindex octaveCheck
@funindex controlpitch
In relative mode, it is easy to forget an octave changing mark.
@cindex notes, transposition of
@funindex \transpose
-@funindex transpose
A music expression can be transposed with @code{\transpose}. The
syntax is
@rinternals{TransposedMusic}.
@funindex \transpose
-@funindex transpose
@funindex \chordmode
-@funindex chordmode
@funindex \relative
-@funindex relative
@knownissues
The relative conversion will not affect @code{\transpose},
must be placed inside @code{\transpose}.
Triple accidentals will not be printed if using @code{\transpose}. An
-@q{enharmonically equivalent} pitch will be used instead (e.g. d-flat
+@q{enharmonically equivalent} pitch will be used instead (e.g., d-flat
rather than e-triple-flat).
@cindex transformation, retrograde
@cindex operation, retrograde
@funindex \retrograde
-@funindex retrograde
A music expression can be reversed to produce its retrograde:
@cindex transposition, modal
@cindex operation, transposition
@funindex \modalTranspose
-@funindex modalTranspose
A motif can be transposed within a given scale with:
@cindex inversion, modal
@cindex operation, modal inversion
@funindex \modalInversion
-@funindex modalInversion
A motif can be inverted within a given scale around a given pivot
note and transposed in a single operation with:
@funindex \clef
-@funindex clef
Without any explicit command, the default clef for LilyPond is the
treble (or @emph{G}) clef.
By default, a clef that has previously been printed will not be
re-printed if the same @code{\clef} command is issued again and
-will be ignored. The the command
+will be ignored. The command
@code{\set Staff.forceClef = ##t} changes this behaviour.
@lilypond[verbatim,quote,fragment]
c'1
@end lilypond
+@noindent
+To be more precise, it is not the @code{\clef} command itself that
+prints a clef. Instead, it sets or changes a property of the
+@code{Clef_engraver}, which then decides by its own whether to
+display a clef or not in the current staff. The @code{forceClef}
+property overrides this decision locally to re-print a clef once.
+
When there is a manual clef change, the glyph of the changed clef
will be smaller than normal. This behaviour can be overridden.
@cindex key signature
@funindex \key
-@funindex key
@c duplicated in Key signature and Accidentals
@warning{New users are sometimes confused about accidentals and
@end example
@funindex \major
-@funindex major
@funindex \minor
-@funindex minor
@funindex \ionian
-@funindex ionian
@funindex \locrian
-@funindex locrian
@funindex \aeolian
-@funindex aeolian
@funindex \mixolydian
-@funindex mixolydian
@funindex \lydian
-@funindex lydian
@funindex \phrygian
-@funindex phrygian
@funindex \dorian
-@funindex dorian
@cindex church modes
@cindex modes
@funindex set-octavation
@funindex \ottava
-@funindex ottava
@notation{Ottava brackets} introduce an extra transposition of an
octave for the staff:
@cindex MIDI transposition
@funindex \transposition
-@funindex transposition
When typesetting scores that involve transposing instruments, some
parts can be typeset in a different pitch than the
@cindex note heads, easy play
@funindex \easyHeadsOn
-@funindex easyHeadsOn
@funindex \easyHeadsOff
-@funindex easyHeadsOff
The @q{easy play} note head includes a note name inside the head.
It is used in music for beginners. To make the letters readable,
@cindex note heads, Walker
@funindex \aikenHeads
-@funindex aikenHeads
@funindex \sacredHarpHeads
-@funindex sacredHarpHeads
@funindex \southernHarmonyHeads
-@funindex southernHarmonyHeads
@funindex \funkHeads
-@funindex funkHeads
@funindex \walkerHeads
-@funindex walkerHeads
In shape note head notation, the shape of the note head
corresponds to the harmonic function of a note in the scale. This
@end lilypond
@funindex \key
-@funindex key
@funindex \aikenHeadsMinor
-@funindex aikenHeadsMinor
@funindex \sacredHarpHeadsMinor
-@funindex sacredHarpHeadsMinor
@funindex \southernHarmonyHeadsMinor
-@funindex southernHarmonyHeadsMinor
@funindex \funkHeadsMinor
-@funindex funkHeadsMinor
@funindex \walkerHeadsMinor
-@funindex walkerHeadsMinor
Shapes are typeset according to the step in the scale, where the base
of the scale is determined by the @code{\key} command. When writing
@cindex note heads, slashed
@funindex \improvisationOn
-@funindex improvisationOn
@funindex \improvisationOff
-@funindex improvisationOff
Improvisation is sometimes denoted with slashed note heads, where
the performer may choose any pitch but should play the specified