+ kputc('\t', &str); kputsn((char*)key, 2, &str); kputc(':', &str);
+ if (type == 'A') { kputsn("A:", 2, &str); kputc(*s, &str); ++s; }
+ else if (type == 'C') { kputsn("i:", 2, &str); kputw(*s, &str); ++s; }
+ else if (type == 'c') { kputsn("i:", 2, &str); kputw(*(int8_t*)s, &str); ++s; }
+ else if (type == 'S') { kputsn("i:", 2, &str); kputw(*(uint16_t*)s, &str); s += 2; }
+ else if (type == 's') { kputsn("i:", 2, &str); kputw(*(int16_t*)s, &str); s += 2; }
+ else if (type == 'I') { kputsn("i:", 2, &str); kputuw(*(uint32_t*)s, &str); s += 4; }
+ else if (type == 'i') { kputsn("i:", 2, &str); kputw(*(int32_t*)s, &str); s += 4; }
+ else if (type == 'f') { ksprintf(&str, "f:%g", *(float*)s); s += 4; }
+ else if (type == 'd') { ksprintf(&str, "d:%lg", *(double*)s); s += 8; }
+ else if (type == 'Z' || type == 'H') { kputc(type, &str); kputc(':', &str); while (*s) kputc(*s++, &str); ++s; }
+ else if (type == 'B') {
+ uint8_t sub_type = *(s++);
+ int32_t n;
+ memcpy(&n, s, 4);
+ s += 4; // no point to the start of the array
+ kputc(type, &str); kputc(':', &str); kputc(sub_type, &str); // write the typing
+ for (i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
+ kputc(',', &str);
+ if ('c' == sub_type || 'c' == sub_type) { kputw(*(int8_t*)s, &str); ++s; }
+ else if ('C' == sub_type) { kputw(*(uint8_t*)s, &str); ++s; }
+ else if ('s' == sub_type) { kputw(*(int16_t*)s, &str); s += 2; }
+ else if ('S' == sub_type) { kputw(*(uint16_t*)s, &str); s += 2; }
+ else if ('i' == sub_type) { kputw(*(int32_t*)s, &str); s += 4; }
+ else if ('I' == sub_type) { kputuw(*(uint32_t*)s, &str); s += 4; }
+ else if ('f' == sub_type) { ksprintf(&str, "%g", *(float*)s); s += 4; }
+ }
+ }
+ }
+ return str.s;
+}
+
+char *bam_format1(const bam_header_t *header, const bam1_t *b)
+{
+ return bam_format1_core(header, b, BAM_OFDEC);
+}
+
+void bam_view1(const bam_header_t *header, const bam1_t *b)
+{
+ char *s = bam_format1(header, b);
+ puts(s);
+ free(s);
+}
+
+int bam_validate1(const bam_header_t *header, const bam1_t *b)
+{
+ char *s;
+
+ if (b->core.tid < -1 || b->core.mtid < -1) return 0;
+ if (header && (b->core.tid >= header->n_targets || b->core.mtid >= header->n_targets)) return 0;
+
+ if (b->data_len < b->core.l_qname) return 0;
+ s = memchr(bam1_qname(b), '\0', b->core.l_qname);
+ if (s != &bam1_qname(b)[b->core.l_qname-1]) return 0;
+
+ // FIXME: Other fields could also be checked, especially the auxiliary data
+
+ return 1;
+}
+
+// FIXME: we should also check the LB tag associated with each alignment
+const char *bam_get_library(bam_header_t *h, const bam1_t *b)
+{
+ const uint8_t *rg;
+ if (h->dict == 0) h->dict = sam_header_parse2(h->text);
+ if (h->rg2lib == 0) h->rg2lib = sam_header2tbl(h->dict, "RG", "ID", "LB");
+ rg = bam_aux_get(b, "RG");
+ return (rg == 0)? 0 : sam_tbl_get(h->rg2lib, (const char*)(rg + 1));
+}
+
+/************
+ * Remove B *
+ ************/
+
+int bam_remove_B(bam1_t *b)
+{
+ int i, j, end_j, k, l, no_qual;
+ uint32_t *cigar, *new_cigar;
+ uint8_t *seq, *qual, *p;
+ // test if removal is necessary
+ if (b->core.flag & BAM_FUNMAP) return 0; // unmapped; do nothing
+ cigar = bam1_cigar(b);
+ for (k = 0; k < b->core.n_cigar; ++k)
+ if (bam_cigar_op(cigar[k]) == BAM_CBACK) break;
+ if (k == b->core.n_cigar) return 0; // no 'B'
+ if (bam_cigar_op(cigar[0]) == BAM_CBACK) goto rmB_err; // cannot be removed
+ // allocate memory for the new CIGAR
+ if (b->data_len + (b->core.n_cigar + 1) * 4 > b->m_data) { // not enough memory
+ b->m_data = b->data_len + b->core.n_cigar * 4;
+ kroundup32(b->m_data);
+ b->data = (uint8_t*)realloc(b->data, b->m_data);
+ cigar = bam1_cigar(b); // after realloc, cigar may be changed
+ }
+ new_cigar = (uint32_t*)(b->data + (b->m_data - b->core.n_cigar * 4)); // from the end of b->data
+ // the core loop
+ seq = bam1_seq(b); qual = bam1_qual(b);
+ no_qual = (qual[0] == 0xff); // test whether base quality is available
+ i = j = 0; end_j = -1;
+ for (k = l = 0; k < b->core.n_cigar; ++k) {
+ int op = bam_cigar_op(cigar[k]);
+ int len = bam_cigar_oplen(cigar[k]);
+ if (op == BAM_CBACK) { // the backward operation
+ int t, u;
+ if (k == b->core.n_cigar - 1) break; // ignore 'B' at the end of CIGAR
+ if (len > j) goto rmB_err; // an excessively long backward
+ for (t = l - 1, u = 0; t >= 0; --t) { // look back
+ int op1 = bam_cigar_op(new_cigar[t]);
+ int len1 = bam_cigar_oplen(new_cigar[t]);
+ if (bam_cigar_type(op1)&1) { // consume the query
+ if (u + len1 >= len) { // stop
+ new_cigar[t] -= (len - u) << BAM_CIGAR_SHIFT;
+ break;
+ } else u += len1;
+ }
+ }
+ if (bam_cigar_oplen(new_cigar[t]) == 0) --t; // squeeze out the zero-length operation
+ l = t + 1;
+ end_j = j; j -= len;
+ } else { // other CIGAR operations
+ new_cigar[l++] = cigar[k];
+ if (bam_cigar_type(op)&1) { // consume the query
+ if (i != j) { // no need to copy if i == j
+ int u, c, c0;
+ for (u = 0; u < len; ++u) { // construct the consensus
+ c = bam1_seqi(seq, i+u);
+ if (j + u < end_j) { // in an overlap
+ c0 = bam1_seqi(seq, j+u);
+ if (c != c0) { // a mismatch; choose the better base
+ if (qual[j+u] < qual[i+u]) { // the base in the 2nd segment is better
+ bam1_seq_seti(seq, j+u, c);
+ qual[j+u] = qual[i+u] - qual[j+u];
+ } else qual[j+u] -= qual[i+u]; // the 1st is better; reduce base quality
+ } else qual[j+u] = qual[j+u] > qual[i+u]? qual[j+u] : qual[i+u];
+ } else { // not in an overlap; copy over
+ bam1_seq_seti(seq, j+u, c);
+ qual[j+u] = qual[i+u];
+ }
+ }
+ }
+ i += len, j += len;
+ }
+ }