[biopieces.git] / code_ruby / Maasha / lib / biopieces.rb

require 'fileutils'
require 'date'
require 'optparse'
require 'open3'
require 'pp'

# Biopieces are command line scripts and uses OptionParser to parse command line
# options according to a list of casts. Each cast prescribes the long and short
# name of the option, the type, if it is mandatory, the default value, and allowed
# and disallowed values. An optional list of extra casts can be supplied, and the
# integrity of the casts are checked. Following the command line parsing, the
# options are checked according to the casts. Methods are also included for handling
# the parsing and emitting of Biopiece records, which are ASCII text records consisting
# of lines with a key/value pair seperated by a colon and a white space ': '.
# Each record is separated by a line with three dashes '---'.
class Biopieces
  # Initialize a Biopiece and write the status to file.
  # Options are for testing purposes only.
  def initialize(test=nil, input=STDIN, output=STDOUT)
    @test   = test
    @input  = input
    @output = output
    @status = Status.new
    @status.set unless @test
  end

  # Check the integrity of a list of casts, followed by parsion options from argv
  # and finally checking the options according to the casts. Returns nil if argv
  # is empty, otherwise an options hash.
  def parse(argv, cast_list=[], script_path=$0)
    casts          = Casts.new(cast_list)
    option_handler = OptionHandler.new(argv, casts, script_path, @test)
    @options       = option_handler.options_parse
  end

  # Open Biopiece input stream if not open and iterate over all Biopiece
  # records in the stream.
  def each_record
    @in = Stream::open(@options, mode="r", @input) unless @in.is_a? IO

    record = {}

    @in.each_line do |line|
      case line
      when /^([^:]+): (.*)$/
        record[$1] = $2
      when /^---$/
        yield record unless record.empty?
        record = {}
      else
        raise "Bad record format: #{line}"
      end
    end

    yield record unless record.empty?

    self # conventionally
  end

  alias :each :each_record

  # Open Biopiece output stream if not open and puts record to the stream.
  def puts(record)
    @out = Stream::open(@options, mode="w", @output) unless @out.is_a? IO

    record.each do |key,value|
      @out.print "#{key}: #{value}\n"
    end

    @out.print "---\n"
  end

  # Create a temporary directory inside the ENV["BP_TMP"] dir.
  def mktmpdir
    time = Time.now.to_i
    user = ENV["USER"]
    pid  = $$
    path = ENV["BP_TMP"] + "/" + [user, time + pid, pid, "bp_tmp"].join("_")
    Dir.mkdir(path)
    @status.set_tmpdir(path)
    path
  end
end


# Error class for all exceptions to do with option casts.
class CastError < StandardError; end


# Class to handle casts of command line options. Each cast prescribes the long and
# short name of the option, the type, if it is mandatory, the default value, and
# allowed and disallowed values. An optional list of extra casts can be supplied,
# and the integrity of the casts are checked.
class Casts < Array
  TYPES     = %w[flag string list int uint float file file! files files! dir dir! genome]
  MANDATORY = %w[long short type mandatory default allowed disallowed]

  # Initialize cast object with an optional options cast list to which
  # ubiquitous casts are added after which all casts are checked.
  def initialize(cast_list=[])
    @cast_list = cast_list
    ubiquitous
    check
    self.push *@cast_list
  end

  private

  # Add ubiquitous options casts.
  def ubiquitous
    @cast_list << {:long => 'help',       :short => '?', :type => 'flag',   :mandatory => false, :default => nil, :allowed => nil, :disallowed => nil}
    @cast_list << {:long => 'stream_in',  :short => 'I', :type => 'files!', :mandatory => false, :default => nil, :allowed => nil, :disallowed => nil}
    @cast_list << {:long => 'stream_out', :short => 'O', :type => 'file',   :mandatory => false, :default => nil, :allowed => nil, :disallowed => nil}
    @cast_list << {:long => 'verbose',    :short => 'v', :type => 'flag',   :mandatory => false, :default => nil, :allowed => nil, :disallowed => nil}
  end

  # Check integrity of the casts.
  def check
    check_keys
    check_values
    check_duplicates
  end
  
  # Check if all mandatory keys are present in casts and raise if not.
  def check_keys
    @cast_list.each do |cast|
      MANDATORY.each do |mandatory|
        raise CastError, "Missing symbol in cast: '#{mandatory.to_sym}'" unless cast.has_key? mandatory.to_sym
      end
    end
  end

  # Check if all values in casts are valid.
  def check_values
    @cast_list.each do |cast|
      check_val_long(cast)
      check_val_short(cast)
      check_val_type(cast)
      check_val_mandatory(cast)
      check_val_default(cast)
      check_val_allowed(cast)
      check_val_disallowed(cast)
    end
  end

  # Check if the values to long are legal and raise if not.
  def check_val_long(cast)
    unless cast[:long].is_a? String and cast[:long].length > 1
      raise CastError, "Illegal cast of long: '#{cast[:long]}'"
    end
  end
  
  # Check if the values to short are legal and raise if not.
  def check_val_short(cast)
    unless cast[:short].is_a? String and cast[:short].length == 1
      raise CastError, "Illegal cast of short: '#{cast[:short]}'"
    end
  end

  # Check if values to type are legal and raise if not.
  def check_val_type(cast)
    type_hash = {}
    TYPES.each do |type|
      type_hash[type] = true
    end

    unless type_hash.has_key? cast[:type]
      raise CastError, "Illegal cast of type: '#{cast[:type]}'"
    end
  end

  # Check if values to mandatory are legal and raise if not.
  def check_val_mandatory(cast)
    unless cast[:mandatory] == true or cast[:mandatory] == false
      raise CastError, "Illegal cast of mandatory: '#{cast[:mandatory]}'"
    end
  end

  # Check if values to default are legal and raise if not.
  def check_val_default(cast)
    unless cast[:default].nil?          or
           cast[:default].is_a? String  or
           cast[:default].is_a? Integer or
           cast[:default].is_a? Float
      raise CastError, "Illegal cast of default: '#{cast[:default]}'"
    end
  end

  # Check if values to allowed are legal and raise if not.
  def check_val_allowed(cast)
    unless cast[:allowed].is_a? String or cast[:allowed].nil?
      raise CastError, "Illegal cast of allowed: '#{cast[:allowed]}'"
    end
  end

  # Check if values to disallowed are legal and raise if not.
  def check_val_disallowed(cast)
    unless cast[:disallowed].is_a? String or cast[:disallowed].nil?
      raise CastError, "Illegal cast of disallowed: '#{cast[:disallowed]}'"
    end
  end

  # Check cast for duplicate long or short options names.
  def check_duplicates
    check_hash = {}
    @cast_list.each do |cast|
      raise CastError, "Duplicate argument: '--#{cast[:long]}'" if check_hash.has_key? cast[:long]
      raise CastError, "Duplicate argument: '-#{cast[:short]}'" if check_hash.has_key? cast[:short]
      check_hash[cast[:long]]  = true
      check_hash[cast[:short]] = true
    end
  end
end


# Class for parsing argv using OptionParser according to given casts.
# Default options are set, file glob expressions expanded, and options are
# checked according to the casts. Usage information is printed and exit called
# if required.
class OptionHandler
  REGEX_LIST   = /^(list|files|files!)$/
  REGEX_INT    = /^(int|uint)$/
  REGEX_STRING = /^(string|file|file!|dir|dir!|genome)$/

  def initialize(argv, casts, script_path, test=nil)
    @argv        = argv
    @casts       = casts
    @script_path = script_path
    @test        = test
  end

  # Parse options from argv using OptionParser and casts denoting long and
  # short option names. Usage information is printed and exit called.
  # A hash with options is returned.
  def options_parse
    @options = {}

    option_parser = OptionParser.new do |option|
      @casts.each do |cast|
        if cast[:type] == 'flag'
          option.on("-#{cast[:short]}", "--#{cast[:long]}") do |o|
            @options[cast[:long]] = o
          end
        elsif cast[:type] =~ REGEX_LIST
          option.on( "-#{cast[:short]}", "--#{cast[:long]} A", Array) do |a|
            @options[cast[:long]] = a
          end
        elsif cast[:type] =~ REGEX_INT
          option.on("-#{cast[:short]}", "--#{cast[:long]} I", Integer) do |i|
            @options[cast[:long]] = i
          end
        elsif cast[:type] =~ REGEX_STRING
          option.on("-#{cast[:short]}", "--#{cast[:long]} S", String) do |s|
            @options[cast[:long]] = s
          end
        elsif cast[:type] == 'float'
          option.on("-#{cast[:short]}", "--#{cast[:long]} F", Float) do |f|
            @options[cast[:long]] = f
          end
        else
          raise ArgumentError, "Unknown option type: '#{cast[:type]}'"
        end
      end
    end

    option_parser.parse!(@argv)

    if print_usage_full?
      print_usage_and_exit(true)
    elsif print_usage_short?
      print_usage_and_exit
    end

    options_default
    options_glob
    options_check

    @options
  end

  # Given the script name determine the path of the wiki file with the usage info.
  def wiki_path
    path = ENV["BP_DIR"] + "/bp_usage/" + File.basename(@script_path) + ".wiki"
    raise "No such wiki file: #{path}" unless File.file? path
    path
  end

  # Check if full "usage info" should be printed.
  def print_usage_full?
    @options["help"]
  end

  # Check if short "usage info" should be printed.
  def print_usage_short?
    if not $stdin.tty?
      return false
    elsif @options["stream_in"]
      return false
    elsif @options["data_in"]
      return false
    elsif wiki_path =~ /^(list_biopieces|list_genomes|list_mysql_databases|biostat)$/  # TODO get rid of this!
      return false
    else
      return true
    end
  end

  # Print usage info by Calling an external script 'print_wiki'
  # using a system() call and exit. An optional 'full' flag
  # outputs the full usage info.
  def print_usage_and_exit(full=nil)
    if @test
      return
    else
      if full
        system("print_wiki --data_in #{wiki_path} --help")
      else
        system("print_wiki --data_in #{wiki_path}")
      end

      raise "Failed printing wiki: #{wiki_path}" unless $?.success?

      exit
    end
  end

  # Set default options value from cast unless a value is set.
  def options_default
    @casts.each do |cast|
      if cast[:default]
        @options[cast[:long]] = cast[:default] unless @options.has_key? cast[:long]
      end
    end
  end

  # Expands glob expressions to a full list of paths.
  # Examples: "*.fna" or "foo.fna,*.fna" or "foo.fna,/bar/*.fna"
  def options_glob
    @casts.each do |cast|
      if cast[:type] == 'files' or cast[:type] == 'files!'
        if @options.has_key? cast[:long]
          files = []
        
          @options[cast[:long]].each do |path|
            if path.include? "*"
              Dir.glob(path).each do |file|
                files << file if File.file? file
              end
            else
              files << path
            end
          end

          @options[cast[:long]] = files
        end
      end
    end
  end

  # Check all options according to casts.
  def options_check
    @casts.each do |cast|
      options_check_mandatory(cast)
      options_check_int(cast)
      options_check_uint(cast)
      options_check_file(cast)
      options_check_files(cast)
      options_check_dir(cast)
      options_check_allowed(cast)
      options_check_disallowed(cast)
    end
  end
  
  # Check if a mandatory option is set and raise if it isn't.
  def options_check_mandatory(cast)
    if cast[:mandatory]
      raise ArgumentError, "Mandatory argument: --#{cast[:long]}" unless @options.has_key? cast[:long]
    end
  end

  # Check int type option and raise if not an integer.
  def options_check_int(cast)
    if cast[:type] == 'int' and @options.has_key? cast[:long]
      unless @options[cast[:long]].is_a? Integer
        raise ArgumentError, "Argument to --#{cast[:long]} must be an integer, not '#{@options[cast[:long]]}'"
      end
    end
  end
  
  # Check uint type option and raise if not an unsinged integer.
  def options_check_uint(cast)
    if cast[:type] == 'uint' and @options.has_key? cast[:long]
      unless @options[cast[:long]].is_a? Integer and @options[cast[:long]] >= 0
        raise ArgumentError, "Argument to --#{cast[:long]} must be an unsigned integer, not '#{@options[cast[:long]]}'"
      end
    end
  end

  # Check file! type argument and raise if file don't exists.
  def options_check_file(cast)
    if cast[:type] == 'file!' and @options.has_key? cast[:long]
      raise ArgumentError, "No such file: '#{@options[cast[:long]]}'" unless File.file? @options[cast[:long]]
    end
  end

  # Check files! type argument and raise if files don't exists.
  def options_check_files(cast)
    if cast[:type] == 'files!' and @options.has_key? cast[:long]
      @options[cast[:long]].each do |path|
        raise ArgumentError, "No such file: '#{path}'" unless File.file? path
      end
    end
  end
  
  # Check dir! type argument and raise if directory don't exist.
  def options_check_dir(cast)
    if cast[:type] == 'dir!' and @options.has_key? cast[:long]
      raise ArgumentError, "No such directory: '#{@options[cast[:long]]}'" unless File.directory? @options[cast[:long]]
    end
  end
  
  # Check options and raise unless allowed.
  def options_check_allowed(cast)
    if cast[:allowed] and @options.has_key? cast[:long]
      allowed_hash = {}
      cast[:allowed].split(',').each { |a| allowed_hash[a] = 1 }
  
      raise ArgumentError, "Argument '#{@options[cast[:long]]}' to --#{cast[:long]} not allowed" unless allowed_hash.has_key? @options[cast[:long]]
    end
  end
  
  # Check disallowed argument values and raise if disallowed.
  def options_check_disallowed(cast)
    if cast[:disallowed] and @options.has_key? cast[:long]
      cast[:disallowed].split(',').each do |val|
        raise ArgumentError, "Argument '#{@options[cast[:long]]}' to --#{cast[:long]} is disallowed" if val == @options[cast[:long]]
      end
    end
  end
end

# Class for manipulating the execution status of Biopieces by setting a
# status file with a time stamp, process id, and command arguments. The
# status file is used for creating log entries and for displaying the
# runtime status of Biopieces.
class Status
  # Write the status to a status file.
  def set
    time0  = Time.new.strftime("%Y-%m-%d %X")

    File.open(path, mode="w") { |file| file.puts [time0, ARGV.join(" ")].join(";") }
  end

  # Append the a temporary directory path to the status file.
  def set_tmpdir(tmp_path)
    status = File.open(path, mode="r").read.chomp

    File.open(path, mode="w") do |fh|
      fh << [status, tmp_path].join(";") + "\n"
    end
  end

  # Extract the temporary directory path from the status file,
  # and return this or nil if not found.
  def get_tmpdir
    tmp_path = File.open(path, mode="r").read.chomp.split(";").last

    File.directory?(tmp_path) ? tmp_path : nil
  end

  # Write the Biopiece status to the log file.
  def log(exit_status)
    time1   = Time.new.strftime("%Y-%m-%d %X")
    user    = ENV["USER"]
    script  = File.basename($0)

    stream = File.open(path)
    time0, args, tmp_dir = stream.first.split(";")
    stream.close

    elap     = time_diff(time0, time1)
    command  = [script, args].join(" ") 
    log_file = ENV["BP_LOG"] + "/biopieces.log"

    File.open(log_file, mode="a") { |file| file.puts [time0, time1, elap, user, exit_status, command].join("\t") }
  end

  # Delete status file.
  def delete
    File.delete(path)
  end
  
  private

  # Path to status file
  def path
    user   = ENV["USER"]
    script = File.basename($0)
    pid    = $$
    path   = ENV["BP_TMP"] + "/" + [user, script, pid, "status"].join(".")
  end

  # Get the elapsed time from the difference between two time stamps.
  def time_diff(t0, t1)
    Time.at((DateTime.parse(t1).to_time - DateTime.parse(t0).to_time).to_i).gmtime.strftime('%X')
  end
end


class Stream < IO
  # Open Biopieces output data stream for reading from stdin or a file
  # specified in options["stream_in"] OR writing to stdout or a file
  # specified in options["stream_out"].
  def self.open(options, mode, stdio)
    if mode == "r"
      $stdin.tty? ? read(options["stream_in"]) : stdio
    elsif mode == "w"
      options["stream_out"] ? self.write(options["stream_out"], options["compress"]) : stdio
    else
      raise "Bad mode #{mode}"
    end
  end

  private

  # Opens a reads stream to a list of files.
  def self.read(files)
    self.zipped?(files) ? self.zread(files) : self.nread(files)
  end

  # Opens a write stream to a file and returns a _io_ object.
  def self.write(file, zip=nil)
    zip ? self.zwrite(file) : self.nwrite(file)
  end

  # Opens a list of gzipped files for reading and return an _io_ object.
  def self.zread(files)
    stdin, stdout, stderr = Open3.popen3("zcat " + files.join(' '));
    stdin.close
    stderr.close
    stdout
  end

  # Opens a file for gzipped writing and return an _io_ object.
  def self.zwrite(file)
    stdin, stdout, stderr = Open3.popen3("gzip -f > #{file}")
    stderr.close
    stdout.close
    stdin
  end

  # Opens a list of files for reading and return an _io_ object.
  def self.nread(files)
    stdin, stdout, stderr = Open3.popen3("cat " + files.join(' '));
    stdin.close
    stderr.close
    stdout
  end

  # Opens a file for writing and return an _io_ object.
  def self.nwrite(file)
    File.open(file, mode="w")
  end

  # Test if a list of files are gzipped or not.
  # Raises if files are mixed zipped and unzipped.
  def self.zipped?(files)
    type_hash = {}

    files.each do |file|
      type = `file #{file}`

      if type =~ /gzip compressed/
        type_hash[:gzip] = true
      else
        type_hash[:ascii] = true
      end
    end

    raise "Mixture of zipped and unzipped files" if type_hash.size == 2

    type_hash[:gzip]
  end
end


# Stuff to be done at begin such as setting the exit status
# and signal handlers
def do_at_begin
  status = Status.new
  status.set
  exit_status = "OK"

  # Install signal handlers
  %w( INT TERM QUIT ).each do |signal| 
    Signal.trap(signal) do
      exit_status = signal
      exit
    end
  end

  exit_status
end

# Make sure that file streams are closed, tmpdir removed, and
# exit status is written to log file.
def do_at_exit(exit_status="OK-martin")
  at_exit do
    begin
      @in.close  if @in.respond_to?  :close  # FIXME: This can never work
      @out.close if @out.respond_to? :close  # FIXME: Same
    rescue Exception => exception
      $stderr.puts "Exception caught!"   # DEBUG
      case exit_status
      when 'INT'  then exit_status = 'INTERRUPTED'
      when 'TERM' then exit_status = 'TERMINATED'
      end
      exit_status = "DIED" unless exit_status =~ /INT|TERM|QUIT/
      $stderr.puts exit_status
      $stderr.puts exception.backtrace
    ensure
      status = Status.new
      FileUtils.remove_entry_secure(status.get_tmpdir)
      status.log(exit_status)
      status.delete
      puts "EXIT STATUS: #{exit_status}"
    end
  end
end

exit_status = do_at_begin

END {
  do_at_exit(exit_status)
}

__END__