[lilypond.git] / Documentation / user / invoking.itexi

@c -*-texinfo-*-
@node Invoking LilyPond
@chapter Invoking LilyPond

@menu
* Reporting bugs::              
* Website::                     
* Invoking ly2dvi::           Titling LilyPond scores.
@end menu

@cindex Invoking LilyPond
@cindex command line options
@cindex options, command line
@cindex switches

Usage:

@example
        lilypond [@var{option}]@dots{} @var{file}@dots{}
@end example


When invoked with a filename that has no extension, LilyPond will try
to add @file{.ly} as an extension first.  To have LilyPond read from
stdin, use a dash @code{-} for @var{file}.

When LilyPond processes @file{filename.ly} it will produce
@file{filename.tex} as output (or @file{filename.ps} for PostScript
output).  If @file{filename.ly} contains more than one @code{\score}
block, then LilyPond will output the rest in numbered files, starting
with @file{filename-1.tex}.  Several files can be specified; they will
each be processed independently.  @footnote{The status of GUILE is not
reset across invocations, so be careful not to change any default
settings from within Scheme .}


@section Command line options

The following options are supported:

@table @code

@item -e,--evaluate=@var{expr}
Evaluate the Scheme @var{expr} before parsing any @file{.ly} files.
Multiple @code{-e} options may be given, they will be evaluated
sequentially.  The function @code{ly-set-option} allows for access to
some internal variables.  Use @code{-e '(ly-option-usage')} for more
information.

@item -f,--format=@var{format}
@c
@c
Output format for sheet music. Choices are @code{tex} (for @TeX{}
output, to be processed with plain @TeX{}, or through ly2dvi),
@code{pdftex} for PDF@TeX{} input, @code{ps} (for PostScript),
@code{scm} (for a Scheme dump), @code{sk} (for Sketch) and @code{as}
(for ASCII-art).

@strong{This option is only for developers}. Only the @TeX{} output of
these is usable for real work. More information can be found at
@uref{http://lilypond.org/wiki?OutputFormats}.


@cindex output format, setting
@cindex Sketch output
@cindex ASCII-art output
@cindex PDFTeX output
@cindex PostScript output
@cindex Scheme dump

@item -h,--help
Show a summary of usage.
@item --include, -I=@var{directory}
Add @var{directory} to the search path for input files.
@cindex file searching
@cindex search path
@item -i,--init=@var{file}
Set init file to @var{file} (default: @file{init.ly}).
@item -m,--no-paper
@cindex MIDI
Disable @TeX{} output. If you have a @code{\midi} definition midi output
will be generated.
@item -M,--dependencies
Output rules to be included in Makefile.
@item -o,--output=@var{FILE}
Set the default output file to @var{FILE}.

@ignore
@item -s,--safe
Disallow untrusted @code{\include} directives, in-line
Scheme evaluation, backslashes in @TeX{}, code.

@strong{WARNING}: the @code{--safe} option has not been reviewed for a
long time. Do not rely on it for automatic invocation (e.g. over the
web). Volunteers are welcome to do a new audit.
@end ignore

@item -v,--version
Show version information 
@item -V,--verbose
Be verbose: show full paths of all  files read, and give timing
information.

@item -w,--warranty
Show the warranty with which GNU LilyPond comes. (It comes with 
@strong{NO WARRANTY}!)
@end table

@section Environment variables


For processing both the @TeX{} and the PostScript output, you must
have appropriate environment variables set.  The following scripts  do
this:

@itemize @bullet
@item @file{buildscripts/out/lilypond-profile}
(for sh shells)
@item  @file{buildscripts/out/lilypond-login} (for C-shells)
@end itemize

They should normally be sourced as part of your login process. If
these scripts are not run from the system wide login process, then you
must run it yourself.

@cindex installing LilyPond

If you use sh, bash, or a similar shell, then add the following to
your @file{.profile}
@example
        . lilypond-profile
@end example

If you use csh, tcsh or a similar shell, then add the following to
your @file{~/.login}
@example
        source lilypond-login
@end example

These scripts set the following variables
@table @code
@item TEXMF
 To make sure that @TeX{} and lilypond find data files (among
others @file{.tex}, @file{.mf} and @file{.tfm}),
you have to set @code{TEXMF} to point to the lilypond data
file tree. A typical setting would be
@example
@{/usr/share/lilypond/1.6.0,@{!!/usr/share/texmf@}@}
@end example


@item GS_LIB
For processing PostScript output (obtained with
@code{-f ps}) with Ghostscript you have to set @code{GS_LIB} to
point to the directory containing LilyPond PS files.

@item GS_FONTPATH
For processing PostScript output (obtained with
@code{-f ps}) with Ghostscript you have to set @code{GS_FONTPATH} to
point to the directory containing LilyPond PFA files.

When you print direct PS output, remember to send the PFA files to the
printer as well.
@end table


@cindex ghostscript
@cindex PostScript
@cindex GS_FONTPATH
@cindex GS_LIB
@cindex TEXMF
@cindex printing postscript

The LilyPond binary itself recognizes the following environment variables
@table @code
@item LILYPONDPREFIX
This specifies a directory where locale messages and
data files will be looked up by default. The directory should contain
subdirectories called @file{ly/}, @file{ps/}, @file{tex/}, etc.

@item LANG
This selects the language for the warning messages of LilyPond.
@end table

@cindex LANG
@cindex LILYPONDPREFIX



@cindex bugs
@cindex reporting bugs

@node Reporting bugs
@section Reporting bugs

Since there is no finder's fee which doubles every year, there is no
need to wait for the prize money to grow. So send a bug report today!

LilyPond development moves quickly, so if you have a problem, it is
wise to check if it has been fixed in a newer release.  If you think
you found a bug, please send in a bugreport.  When you send us a
bugreport, we have to diagnose the problem and if possible, duplicate
it.  To make this possible, it is important that you include the
following information in your report:

@itemize @bullet

@item A sample input which causes the error.  Please have mercy on the
developers, send a @emph{small} sample file.

@item The version number of lilypond.

@item A description of the platform you use (i.e., operating system,
system libraries, whether you downloaded a binary release)

@item If necessary, send a description of the bug itself.  If you
include output a ly2dvi run, please use @code{--verbose} option of
ly2dvi.

@end itemize

You can send the report to @email{bug-lilypond@@gnu.org}. This is a
mailinglist, but you don't have to be subscribed to it to post.

@node Website
@section Website

If you are reading this manual in print, it is possible that the
website contains updates to the manual. You can find the lilypond
website at @uref{http://www.lilypond.org/}.


@node Invoking ly2dvi
@section Invoking ly2dvi

Nicely titled output is created through a separate program:
@file{ly2dvi} is a script that uses LilyPond and La@TeX{} to create a
nicely titled piece of sheet music, in DVI format or PostScript.

@example
        ly2dvi [@var{option}]@dots{} @var{file}@dots{}
@end example

To have ly2dvi read from stdin, use a dash @code{-} for @var{file}.

Ly2dvi supports the following options:

@table @code
@item -k,--keep
    Keep the temporary directory including LilyPond and ly2dvi output
files. The temporary directory is created in the current directory as @code{ly2dvi.dir}.
@item -d,--dependencies
    Write makefile dependencies for every input file.
@item -h,--help
    Print usage help.
@item -I,--include=@var{dir}
    Add @var{dir} to LilyPond's include path.
@item -m,--no-paper
    Produce MIDI output only.
@item --no-lily
    Do not run LilyPond; useful for debugging ly2dvi.
@item -o,--output=@var{file}
    Generate output to @var{file}.  The extension of @var{file} is ignored.
@item -P,--postscript
    Also generate PostScript output, using dvips.  The postscript uses
the standard @TeX{} bitmap fonts for your printer.
@item -p,--pdf
    Also generate Portable Document Format (PDF).  This option will
generate a PS file using scalable fonts, and will run the PS file
through @code{ps2pdf} producing a PDF file.

@cindex PDF
@cindex Scalable fonts
    
    If you use lilypond-book or your own wrapper files, don't use
@code{\usepackage[[T1]@{fontenc@}} in the file header but don't forget
@code{\usepackage[latin1]@{inputenc@}} if you use any other
non-anglosaxian characters.

    @item --preview
    Also generate a picture of the first system of the score.
@item -s,--set=@var{key}=@var{val}
    Add @var{key}= @var{val} to the settings, overriding those specified
in the files. Possible keys: @code{language}, @code{latexheaders},
@code{latexpackages}, @code{latexoptions}, @code{papersize},
@code{pagenumber}, @code{linewidth}, @code{orientation},
@code{textheight}.
@item -v,--version
Show version information 
@item -V,--verbose
Be verbose
@item -w,--warranty
Show the warranty with which GNU LilyPond comes. (It comes with 
@strong{NO WARRANTY}!)
@end table

@subsection Titling layout

Ly2dvi extracts the following header fields from the LY files to
generate titling:

@table @code
@item title
    The title of the music. Centered on top of the first page.
@item subtitle
    Subtitle, centered below the title.
@item poet
    Name of the poet, left flushed below the subtitle.
@item composer
    Name of the composer, right flushed below the subtitle.
@item meter
    Meter string, left flushed below the poet.
@item opus
    Name of the opus, right flushed below the composer.
@item arranger
    Name of the arranger, right flushed below the opus.
@item instrument
    Name of the instrument, centered below the arranger
@item piece
    Name of the piece, left flushed below the instrument
@item head
    A text to print in the header of all pages. It is not called
@code{header}, because @code{\header} is a reserved word in LilyPond.
@item copyright
    A text to print in the footer of the first page. Default is to 
    print the standard footer also on the first page.
@item footer
    A text to print in the footer of all but the last page.
@item tagline
    Line to print at the bottom of last page. The default text is ``Lily
was here, @var{version-number}''.
@end table


@cindex header
@cindex footer
@cindex page layout
@cindex titles



@subsection Additional parameters

Ly2dvi responds to several parameters specified in a @code{\paper}
section of the LilyPond file. They can be overridden by supplying a
@code{--set} command line option.

@table @code
@item language
    Specify La@TeX{} language: the @code{babel} package will be
included.  Default: unset.

        Read from the @code{\header} block.

@item latexheaders
    Specify additional La@TeX{} headers file.

        Normally read from the @code{\header} block. Default value: empty

@item latexpackages
    Specify additional La@TeX{} packages file. This works cumulative,
so you can add multiple packages using multiple @code{-s=latexpackages} options.
       Normally read from the @code{\header} block. Default value:
@code{geometry}.

@item latexoptions
    Specify additional options for the La@TeX{}
@code{\documentclass}. You can put any valid value here. This was
designed to allow ly2dvi to produce output for double-sided paper,
with balanced margins and pagenumbers on alternating sides. To achieve
this specify @code{twoside}

@item orientation
    Set orientation. Choices are @code{portrait} or @code{landscape}. Is
read from the @code{\paper} block, if set.
        
@item textheight
    The vertical extension of the music on the page. It is normally 
    calculated automatically, based on the paper size.

@item linewidth
        The music line width. It is normally read from the @code{\paper}
block.

@item papersize
   The paper size (as a name, e.g. @code{a4}). It is normally read from
the @code{\paper} block.

@item pagenumber
   If set to @code{no}, no page numbers will be printed.  If set to a
positive integer, start with this value as the first page number.

  
  @item fontenc
     The font encoding, should be set identical to the @code{font-encoding}
     property in the score.
@end table

@subsection Environment variables

@table @code
@item LANG
selects the language for the warning messages of Ly2dvi and LilyPond.

@item GUILE_MAX_SEGMENT_SIZE
is an option for GUILE, the scheme interpreter; it sets the size of
the chunks of memory allocated by GUILE.  By increasing this from its
default 8388608, the performance of LilyPond on large scores is
slightly improved.


@end table