1 @c -*- coding: utf-8; mode: texinfo; -*-
3 Translation of GIT committish: FILL-IN-HEAD-COMMITTISH
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12 @node Expressive marks
13 @section Expressive marks
15 @lilypondfile[quote]{expressive-headword.ly}
17 This section lists various expressive marks that can be
27 @node Attached to notes
28 @subsection Attached to notes
30 This section explains how to create expressive marks that are
31 attached to notes: articulations, ornamentations, and dynamics.
32 Methods to create new dynamic markings are also discussed.
35 * Articulations and ornamentations::
40 @node Articulations and ornamentations
41 @unnumberedsubsubsec Articulations and ornamentations
52 @cindex organ pedal marks
53 @cindex pedal marks, organ
75 @funindex \staccatissimo
91 @funindex \snappizzicato
93 @funindex \reverseturn
98 @funindex \prallmordent
102 @funindex \downmordent
106 @funindex \signumcongruentiae
107 @funindex \shortfermata
109 @funindex \longfermata
110 @funindex \verylongfermata
111 @funindex \fermataMarkup
119 A variety of symbols that denote articulations, ornamentations,
120 and other performance indications can be attached to a note using
124 @var{note}\@var{name}
127 The possible values for @var{name} are listed in @ref{List of
128 articulations}. For example:
130 @lilypond[verbatim,quote,relative=2]
131 c4\staccato c\mordent b2\turn
137 @cindex staccatissimo
142 Some of these articulations have shorthands for easier entry.
143 Shorthands are appended to the note name, and their syntax
144 consists of a dash @code{-} followed by a symbol signifying the
145 articulation. Predefined shorthands exist for @notation{marcato},
146 @notation{stopped}, @notation{tenuto}, @notation{staccatissimo},
147 @notation{accent}, @notation{staccato}, and @notation{portato}.
148 Their corresponding output appears as follows:
150 @lilypond[verbatim,quote,relative=2]
155 The rules for the default placement of articulations are defined
156 in @file{scm/@/script@/.scm}. Articulations and ornamentations
157 may be manually placed above or below the staff; see
158 @ref{Direction and placement}.
160 Articulations are @code{Script} objects. Their properties are
161 described more fully in @rinternals{Script}.
163 Articulations can be attached to rests as well as notes but they
164 cannot be attached to multi-measure rests. A special predefined
165 command, @code{\fermataMarkup}, is available for attaching a fermata
166 to a multi-measure rest (and only a multi-measure rest). This
167 creates a @code{MultiMeasureRestText} object.
169 @lilypond[verbatim,quote,relative=2]
170 \override Script #'color = #red
171 \override MultiMeasureRestText #'color = #blue
176 In addition to articulations, text and markups can be attached to
177 notes. See @ref{Text scripts}.
179 For more information about the ordering of Scripts and TextScripts that
180 are attached to the notes, see @rlearning{Placement of objects}.
184 @lilypondfile[verbatim,lilyquote,texidoc,doctitle]
185 {modifying-default-values-for-articulation-shorthand-notation.ly}
187 @lilypondfile[verbatim,lilyquote,texidoc,doctitle]
188 {controlling-the-vertical-ordering-of-scripts.ly}
190 @lilypondfile[verbatim,lilyquote,texidoc,doctitle]
191 {creating-a-delayed-turn.ly}
201 @rlearning{Placement of objects}.
205 @ref{Direction and placement},
206 @ref{List of articulations},
210 @file{scm/@/script@/.scm}.
213 @rlsr{Expressive marks}.
217 @rinternals{TextScript}.
221 @unnumberedsubsubsec Dynamics
223 @cindex absolute dynamics
225 @cindex dynamics, absolute
266 Absolute dynamic marks are specified using a command after a note,
267 such as @code{c4\ff}. The available dynamic marks are
268 @code{\ppppp}, @code{\pppp}, @code{\ppp}, @code{\pp}, @code{\p},
269 @code{\mp}, @code{\mf}, @code{\f}, @code{\ff}, @code{\fff},
270 @code{\ffff}, @code{\fffff}, @code{\fp}, @code{\sf}, @code{\sff},
271 @code{\sp}, @code{\spp}, @code{\sfz}, and @code{\rfz}. Dynamic
272 marks may be manually placed above or below the staff; see
273 @ref{Direction and placement}.
275 @lilypond[verbatim,quote,relative=2]
294 A @notation{crescendo} mark is started with @code{\<} and
295 terminated with @code{\!}, an absolute dynamic, or an additional
296 crescendo or decrescendo mark. A @notation{decrescendo} mark is
297 started with @code{\>} and is also terminated with @code{\!}, an
298 absolute dynamic, or another crescendo or decrescendo mark.
299 @code{\cr} and @code{\decr} may be used instead of @code{\<} and
300 @code{\>}. @notation{Hairpins} are engraved by default using this
303 @lilypond[verbatim,quote,relative=2]
313 A hairpin that is terminated with @code{\!} will end at the
314 right edge of the note that has the @code{\!} assigned to it. In the
315 case where it is terminated with the start of another @notation{crescendo}
316 or @notation{decrescendo} mark, it will end at the centre of the note
317 that has the next @code{\<} or @code{\>} assigned to it. The next
318 hairpin will then start at the right edge of the same note
319 instead of the usual left edge had it been terminated with @code{\!}
322 @lilypond[verbatim,quote,relative=2]
323 c1\< | c4 a c\< a | c4 a c\! a\< | c4 a c a\!
326 Hairpins that are terminated with absolute dynamic marks instead of
327 @code{\!} will also be engraved in a similar way. However, the length
328 of the absolute dynamic itself can alter where the preceding hairpin
331 @lilypond[verbatim,quote,relative=2]
332 c1\< | c4 a c\mf a | c1\< | c4 a c\ffff a
335 @cindex multiple dynamic marks on one note
336 @cindex dynamic marks, multiple on one note
337 Spacer rests are needed to engrave multiple marks on one note.
338 This is particularly useful when adding a @notation{crescendo} and
339 @notation{decrescendo} to the same note:
341 @lilypond[verbatim,quote,relative=2]
343 << f1 { s4 s4\< s4\> s4\! } >>
346 @cindex espressivo articulation
348 @funindex \espressivo
351 The @code{\espressivo} command can be used to indicate a crescendo
352 and decrescendo on the same note. However, be warned that this is
353 implemented as an articulation, not a dynamic.
355 @lilypond[verbatim,quote,relative=2]
361 @funindex \crescTextCresc
362 @funindex crescTextCresc
363 @funindex \dimTextDecresc
364 @funindex dimTextDecresc
365 @funindex \dimTextDecr
366 @funindex dimTextDecr
367 @funindex \dimTextDim
369 @funindex \crescHairpin
370 @funindex crescHairpin
371 @funindex \dimHairpin
374 Crescendos and decrescendos can be engraved as textual markings
375 instead of hairpins. Dashed lines are printed to indicate their
376 extent. The built-in commands @code{\crescTextCresc},
377 @code{\dimTextDecresc}, @code{\dimTextDecr}, and @code{\dimTextDim}
378 will tell LilyPond to use such textual marks instead of hairpins
379 for all subsequent @code{\<} and @code{\>} commands. The corresponding
380 @code{\crescHairpin} and @code{\dimHairpin} commands will revert
383 @lilypond[verbatim,quote,relative=2]
395 To create new absolute dynamic marks or text that should be
396 aligned with dynamics, see @ref{New dynamic marks}.
398 @cindex dynamics, vertical positioning
399 @cindex vertical positioning of dynamics
401 @funindex DynamicLineSpanner
404 Vertical positioning of dynamics is handled by
405 @rinternals{DynamicLineSpanner}.
408 @funindex \dynamicDown
409 @funindex dynamicDown
410 @funindex \dynamicNeutral
411 @funindex dynamicNeutral
417 @code{\dynamicNeutral},
418 @code{\crescTextCresc},
421 @code{\dimTextDecresc},
422 @code{\crescHairpin},
429 @lilypondfile[verbatim,lilyquote,texidoc,doctitle]
430 {setting-hairpin-behavior-at-bar-lines.ly}
432 @lilypondfile[verbatim,lilyquote,texidoc,doctitle]
433 {setting-the-minimum-length-of-hairpins.ly}
438 @lilypondfile[verbatim,lilyquote,texidoc,doctitle]
439 {printing-hairpins-using-al-niente-notation.ly}
441 @lilypondfile[verbatim,lilyquote,texidoc,doctitle]
442 {vertically-aligned-dynamics-and-textscripts.ly}
444 @lilypondfile[verbatim,lilyquote,texidoc,doctitle]
445 {hiding-the-extender-line-for-text-dynamics.ly}
447 @lilypondfile[verbatim,lilyquote,texidoc,doctitle]
448 {changing-text-and-spanner-styles-for-text-dynamics.ly}
459 @rlearning{Articulation and dynamics}.
462 @ref{Direction and placement},
463 @ref{New dynamic marks},
464 @ref{What goes into the MIDI output?},
465 @ref{Controlling MIDI dynamics}.
468 @rlsr{Expressive marks}.
471 @rinternals{DynamicText},
472 @rinternals{Hairpin},
473 @rinternals{DynamicLineSpanner}.
476 @node New dynamic marks
477 @unnumberedsubsubsec New dynamic marks
479 @cindex new dynamic marks
480 @cindex dynamic marks, new
482 The easiest way to create dynamic indications is to use
483 @code{\markup} objects.
485 @lilypond[verbatim,quote]
486 moltoF = \markup { molto \dynamic f }
489 <d e>16_\moltoF <d e>
494 @cindex dynamics, editorial
495 @cindex dynamics, parenthesis
496 @cindex editorial dynamics
502 In markup mode, editorial dynamics (within parentheses or square
503 brackets) can be created. The syntax for markup mode is described
504 in @ref{Formatting text}.
506 @lilypond[verbatim,quote]
508 \center-align \concat { \bold { \italic ( }
509 \dynamic f \bold { \italic ) } } }
510 boxF = \markup { \bracket { \dynamic f } }
517 @cindex make-dynamic-script
518 @funindex make-dynamic-script
520 Simple, centered dynamic marks are easily created with the
521 @code{make-dynamic-script} function.
523 @lilypond[verbatim,quote]
524 sfzp = #(make-dynamic-script "sfzp")
530 In general, @code{make-dynamic-script} takes any markup object as its
531 argument. The dynamic font only contains the characters
532 @code{f,m,p,r,s} and @code{z}, so if a dynamic mark that includes
533 plain text or punctuation symbols is desired, markup commands that
534 reverts font family and font encoding to normal text should be used,
535 for example @code{\normal-text}. The interest of using
536 @code{make-dynamic-script} instead of an ordinary markup is ensuring
537 the vertical alignment of markup objects and hairpins that are
538 attached to the same note head.
540 @lilypond[verbatim,quote]
541 roundF = \markup { \center-align \concat {
542 \normal-text { \bold { \italic ( } }
544 \normal-text { \bold { \italic ) } } } }
545 boxF = \markup { \bracket { \dynamic f } }
546 mfEspress = \markup { \center-align \line {
547 \hspace #3.7 mf \normal-text \italic espress. } }
548 roundFdynamic = #(make-dynamic-script roundF)
549 boxFdynamic = #(make-dynamic-script boxF)
550 mfEspressDynamic = #(make-dynamic-script mfEspress)
552 c4_\roundFdynamic\< d e f
555 g'1~\mfEspressDynamic
560 The Scheme form of markup mode may be used instead. Its syntax is
561 explained in @rextend{Markup construction in Scheme}.
563 @lilypond[verbatim,quote]
564 moltoF = #(make-dynamic-script
565 (markup #:normal-text "molto"
573 Font settings in markup mode are described in
574 @ref{Selecting font and font size}.
579 @ref{Formatting text},
580 @ref{Selecting font and font size},
581 @ref{What goes into the MIDI output?},
582 @ref{Controlling MIDI dynamics}.
585 @rlsr{Expressive marks}.
588 @rextend{Markup construction in Scheme}.
595 This section explains how to create various expressive marks that
596 are curved: normal slurs, phrasing slurs, breath marks, falls, and
607 @unnumberedsubsubsec Slurs
611 @notation{Slurs} are entered using parentheses:
613 @warning{In polyphonic music, a slur must be terminated
614 in the same voice it began.}
616 @lilypond[verbatim,quote,relative=2]
622 @cindex slurs, manual placement
623 @cindex slurs, below notes
624 @cindex slurs, above notes
627 @funindex \slurNeutral
628 @funindex slurNeutral
630 Slurs may be manually placed above or below the staff; see
631 @ref{Direction and placement}.
633 @cindex phrasing slur
634 @cindex multiple slurs
635 @cindex simultaneous slurs
636 @cindex slur, phrasing
637 @cindex slurs, multiple
638 @cindex slurs, simultaneous
640 Simultaneous or overlapping slurs are not permitted, but a phrasing
641 slur can overlap a slur. This permits two slurs to be printed at
642 once. For details, see @ref{Phrasing slurs}.
652 @funindex \slurDashed
654 @funindex \slurDotted
659 Slurs can be solid, dotted, or dashed. Solid is the default slur
662 @lilypond[verbatim,quote,relative=1]
672 @funindex \slurHalfDashed
673 @funindex slurHalfDashed
674 @funindex \slurHalfSolid
675 @funindex slurHalfSolid
676 @cindex slur, half dashed and half solid
678 Slurs can also be made half-dashed (the first half dashed, the
679 second half solid) or half-solid (the first half solid, the second
682 @lilypond[verbatim,quote,relative=1]
692 @funindex \slurDashPattern
693 @funindex slurDashPattern
694 @cindex slur, defining dash patterns
696 Custom dash patterns for slurs can be defined:
698 @lilypond[verbatim,quote,relative=1]
700 \slurDashPattern #0.7 #0.75
702 \slurDashPattern #0.5 #2.0
720 @code{\slurHalfDashed},
721 @code{\slurHalfSolid},
722 @code{\slurDashPattern},
729 @lilypondfile[verbatim,lilyquote,texidoc,doctitle]
730 {using-double-slurs-for-legato-chords.ly}
732 @lilypondfile[verbatim,lilyquote,texidoc,doctitle]
733 {positioning-text-markups-inside-slurs.ly}
735 @lilypondfile[verbatim,lilyquote,texidoc,doctitle]
736 {making-slurs-with-complex-dash-structure.ly}
744 @rlearning{On the un-nestedness of brackets and ties}.
747 @ref{Direction and placement},
748 @ref{Phrasing slurs}.
751 @rlsr{Expressive marks}.
758 @unnumberedsubsubsec Phrasing slurs
760 @cindex phrasing slurs
761 @cindex phrasing marks
762 @cindex slur, phrasing
763 @cindex mark, phrasing
767 @notation{Phrasing slurs} (or phrasing marks) that indicate a
768 musical sentence are written using the commands @code{\(} and
769 @code{\)} respectively:
771 @lilypond[verbatim,quote,relative=2]
776 @funindex \phrasingSlurUp
777 @funindex phrasingSlurUp
778 @funindex \phrasingSlurDown
779 @funindex phrasingSlurDown
780 @funindex \phrasingSlurNeutral
781 @funindex phrasingSlurNeutral
783 Typographically, a phrasing slur behaves almost exactly like a
784 normal slur. However, they are treated as different objects; a
785 @code{\slurUp} will have no effect on a phrasing slur. Phrasing
786 may be manually placed above or below the staff; see
787 @ref{Direction and placement}.
789 @cindex simultaneous phrasing slurs
790 @cindex multiple phrasing slurs
791 @cindex slur, simultaneous phrasing
792 @cindex slur, multiple phrasing
793 @cindex phrasing slur, simultaneous
794 @cindex phrasing slur, multiple
796 Simultaneous or overlapping phrasing slurs are not permitted.
798 @funindex phrasingSlurDashed
799 @funindex \phrasingSlurDashed
800 @funindex \phrasingSlurDotted
801 @funindex phrasingSlurDotted
802 @funindex \phrasingSlurSolid
803 @funindex phrasingSlurSolid
804 @cindex phrasing slur, dashed
805 @cindex dashed phrasing slur
806 @cindex phrasing slur, dotted
807 @cindex dotted phrasing slurs
808 @cindex slur, dashed phrasing
809 @cindex slur, dotted phrasing
811 Phrasing slurs can be solid, dotted, or dashed. Solid is the default
812 style for phrasing slurs:
814 @lilypond[verbatim,quote,relative=1]
824 @funindex phrasingSlurHalfDashed
825 @funindex \phrasingSlurHalfDashed
826 @funindex \phrasingSlurHalfSolid
827 @funindex phrasingSlurHalfSolid
828 @cindex phrasing slur, half solid and half dashed
829 @cindex slur, half solid and half dashed phrasing
831 Phrasing slurs can also be made half-dashed (the first half dashed, the
832 second half solid) or half-solid (the first half solid, the second
835 @lilypond[verbatim,quote,relative=1]
837 \phrasingSlurHalfDashed
839 \phrasingSlurHalfSolid
845 @funindex \phrasingSlurDashPattern
846 @funindex phrasingSlurDashPattern
847 @cindex phrasing slur, defining dash patterns
848 @cindex slur, phrasing, defining dash patterns
849 @cindex slur, defining dash patterns for phrasing
851 Custom dash patterns for phrasing slurs can be defined:
853 @lilypond[verbatim,quote,relative=1]
855 \phrasingSlurDashPattern #0.7 #0.75
857 \phrasingSlurDashPattern #0.5 #2.0
863 Dash pattern definitions for phrasing slurs have the same structure
864 as dash pattern definitions for slurs. For more information about
865 complex dash patterns, see the snippets under @ref{Slurs}.
868 @code{\phrasingSlurUp},
869 @code{\phrasingSlurDown},
870 @code{\phrasingSlurNeutral},
871 @code{\phrasingSlurDashed},
872 @code{\phrasingSlurDotted},
873 @code{\phrasingSlurHalfDashed},
874 @code{\phrasingSlurHalfSolid},
875 @code{\phrasingSlurDashPattern},
876 @code{\phrasingSlurSolid}.
882 @rlearning{On the un-nestedness of brackets and ties}.
885 @ref{Direction and placement},
889 @rlsr{Expressive marks}.
892 @rinternals{PhrasingSlur}.
896 @unnumberedsubsubsec Breath marks
903 Breath marks are entered using @code{\breathe}:
905 @lilypond[verbatim,quote,relative=2]
909 A breath mark will end an automatic beam; to override this behavior, see
912 @lilypond[verbatim,quote,relative=2]
916 Musical indicators for breath marks in ancient notation,
917 divisiones, are supported. For details, see @ref{Divisiones}.
922 @lilypondfile[verbatim,lilyquote,texidoc,doctitle]
923 {changing-the-breath-mark-symbol.ly}
926 @cindex railroad tracks
928 @lilypondfile[verbatim,lilyquote,texidoc,doctitle]
929 {inserting-a-caesura.ly}
940 @rlsr{Expressive marks}.
943 @rinternals{BreathingEvent},
944 @rinternals{BreathingSign},
945 @rinternals{Breathing_sign_engraver}.
948 @node Falls and doits
949 @unnumberedsubsubsec Falls and doits
956 @notation{Falls} and @notation{doits} can be added to notes using
957 the @code{\bendAfter} command. The direction of the fall or doit
958 is indicated with a plus or minus (up or down). The number
959 indicates the pitch interval that the fall or doit will extend
960 @emph{beyond} the main note.
962 @lilypond[verbatim,quote,relative=2]
971 The dash @code{-} immediately preceding the @code{\bendAfter}
972 command is @emph{required} when writing falls and doits.
977 @lilypondfile[verbatim,lilyquote,texidoc,doctitle]
978 {adjusting-the-shape-of-falls-and-doits.ly}
987 @rlsr{Expressive marks}.
993 This section explains how to create various expressive marks that
994 follow a linear path: glissandos, arpeggios, and trills.
1003 @unnumberedsubsubsec Glissando
1006 @funindex \glissando
1009 A @notation{glissando} is created by attaching @code{\glissando}
1012 @lilypond[verbatim,quote,relative=2]
1017 Different styles of glissandi can be created. For details, see
1022 @lilypondfile[verbatim,lilyquote,texidoc,doctitle]
1023 {contemporary-glissando.ly}
1034 @rlsr{Expressive marks}.
1036 Internals Reference:
1037 @rinternals{Glissando}.
1042 Printing text over the line (such as @notation{gliss.}) is not
1047 @unnumberedsubsubsec Arpeggio
1050 @cindex broken chord
1051 @cindex chord, broken
1055 @funindex \arpeggioArrowUp
1056 @funindex arpeggioArrowUp
1057 @funindex \arpeggioArrowDown
1058 @funindex arpeggioArrowDown
1059 @funindex \arpeggioNormal
1060 @funindex arpeggioNormal
1062 An @notation{arpeggio} on a chord (also known as a broken chord)
1063 is denoted by appending @code{\arpeggio} to the chord construct:
1065 @lilypond[verbatim,quote,relative=1]
1069 Different types of arpeggios may be written.
1070 @code{\arpeggioNormal} reverts to a normal arpeggio:
1072 @lilypond[verbatim,quote,relative=1]
1085 @cindex arpeggio symbols, special
1086 @cindex special arpeggio symbols
1088 @funindex \arpeggioBracket
1089 @funindex arpeggioBracket
1090 @funindex \arpeggioParenthesis
1091 @funindex arpeggioParenthesis
1092 @funindex \arpeggioParenthesisDashed
1093 @funindex arpeggioParenthesisDashed
1095 Special @emph{bracketed} arpeggio symbols can be created:
1097 @lilypond[verbatim,quote,relative=1]
1103 \arpeggioParenthesis
1106 \arpeggioParenthesisDashed
1113 The dash properties of the parenthesis arpeggio are controlled
1114 with the @code{'dash-details} property, which is described at @ref{Slurs}.
1116 Arpeggios can be explicitly written out with ties. For more
1117 information, see @ref{Ties}.
1122 @code{\arpeggioArrowUp},
1123 @code{\arpeggioArrowDown},
1124 @code{\arpeggioNormal},
1125 @code{\arpeggioBracket},
1126 @code{\arpeggioParenthesis}
1127 @code{\arpeggioParenthesisDashed}.
1133 @lilypondfile[verbatim,lilyquote,texidoc,doctitle]
1134 {creating-cross-staff-arpeggios-in-a-piano-staff.ly}
1136 @lilypondfile[verbatim,lilyquote,texidoc,doctitle]
1137 {creating-cross-staff-arpeggios-in-other-contexts.ly}
1139 @lilypondfile[verbatim,lilyquote,texidoc,doctitle]
1140 {creating-arpeggios-across-notes-in-different-voices.ly}
1152 @rlsr{Expressive marks}.
1154 Internals Reference:
1155 @rinternals{Arpeggio},
1157 @rinternals{PianoStaff}.
1162 @cindex cross-staff parenthesis-style arpeggio
1163 @cindex arpeggio, parenthesis-style, cross-staff
1164 @cindex arpeggio, cross-staff parenthesis-style
1166 It is not possible to mix connected arpeggios and unconnected
1167 arpeggios in one @code{PianoStaff} at the same point in
1170 The parenthesis-style arpeggio brackets do not work for
1171 cross-staff arpeggios.
1175 @unnumberedsubsubsec Trills
1181 @funindex \startTrillSpan
1182 @funindex startTrillSpan
1183 @funindex \stopTrillSpan
1184 @funindex stopTrillSpan
1186 Short trills without an extender line are printed with
1187 @code{\trill}; see @ref{Articulations and ornamentations}.
1189 Longer trills with an extender line are made with
1190 @code{\startTrillSpan} and @code{\stopTrillSpan}:
1192 @lilypond[verbatim,quote,relative=2]
1199 A trill spanner crossing a line break will restart exactly above
1200 the first note on the new line.
1202 @lilypond[ragged-right,verbatim,quote,relative=2]
1210 Consecutive trill spans will work without explicit
1211 @code{\stopTrillSpan} commands, since successive trill spanners will
1212 automatically become the right bound of the previous trill.
1214 @lilypond[verbatim,quote,relative=2]
1222 Trills can also be combined with grace notes. The syntax of this
1223 construct and the method to precisely position the grace notes are
1224 described in @ref{Grace notes}.
1226 @lilypond[verbatim,quote,relative=2]
1228 d1\startTrillSpan { c32[ d]\stopTrillSpan }
1232 @cindex pitched trills
1233 @cindex trills, pitched
1234 @funindex \pitchedTrill
1235 @funindex pitchedTrill
1237 Trills that require an auxiliary note with an explicit pitch can
1238 be typeset with the @code{\pitchedTrill} command. The first
1239 argument is the main note, and the second is the @emph{trilled}
1240 note, printed as a stemless note head in parentheses.
1242 @lilypond[verbatim,quote,relative=2]
1244 d2\startTrillSpan fis
1250 @cindex pitched trill with accidental
1251 @cindex trill with accidental
1253 Subsequent accidentals of the same note in the same measure will need
1254 to be added manually. Only the accidental of the first pitched trill
1255 in a measure is printed.
1257 @lilypond[verbatim,quote,relative=2]
1259 eis4\startTrillSpan fis
1262 eis4\startTrillSpan cis
1265 eis4\startTrillSpan fis
1268 eis4\startTrillSpan fis!
1274 @code{\startTrillSpan},
1275 @code{\stopTrillSpan}.
1283 @ref{Articulations and ornamentations},
1287 @rlsr{Expressive marks}.
1289 Internals Reference:
1290 @rinternals{TrillSpanner}.