From: Graham Percival Date: Sun, 27 Jul 2008 23:33:27 +0000 (-0700) Subject: Minor editing. X-Git-Tag: release/2.11.54-1~5^2~4 X-Git-Url: https://git.donarmstrong.com/lilypond.git?a=commitdiff_plain;h=1be11d36f4f7c5b0f4d455c098f3bad8eda499e4;p=lilypond.git Minor editing. --- diff --git a/Documentation/user/world.itely b/Documentation/user/world.itely index 4f8720c9a0..e5afa7db3a 100644 --- a/Documentation/user/world.itely +++ b/Documentation/user/world.itely @@ -63,29 +63,23 @@ Several issues that are relevant to Arabic music are covered elsewhere: @itemize -@item Note names can be tailored as discussed in -@ref{Note names in other languages}. - -@item Additional key signatures can be obtained by the -inclusion of @code{"arabic.ly"} as discussed in -@ref{Note names in other languages}. Key signatures -can also be tailored as described in @ref{Key signature}. +@item Note names and accidentals (including quarter tones) can be +tailored as discussed in @ref{Note names in other languages}. -@item Medium intervals, that are neither minor or major, -but are approximately a three quarter of a tone, can be -indicated by the note names of quarter tones as described -in @ref{Note names in other languages}. +@item Additional key signatures can also be tailored as described +in @ref{Key signature}. -@item Complex time signatures may require that notes -are grouped manually using @code{[ ]} to -surround grouped notes, as described in @ref{Manual beams}. +@item Complex time signatures may require that notes be grouped +manually as described in @ref{Manual beams}. @end itemize - + @seealso + Notation Reference: @ref{Note names in other languages}, -@ref{Key signature}. +@ref{Key signature}, +@ref{Manual beams}. Snippets: @rlsr{World music}. @@ -99,12 +93,10 @@ Snippets: The more traditional Arabic note names can be quite long and are not suitable for the purpose of music writing, so they are not -defined by the inclusion of @code{"arabic.ly"}. English note -names @code{a, b, c, d, e, f, g} are not very familiar in Arabic -music education. Italian or Solfege note names @code{do, re, mi, -fa, sol, la, si} are more familiar, and are used when -@code{"arabic.ly"} is included. Modifiers can also be used, as -discussed in @ref{Note names in other languages}. +used. English note names are not very familiar in Arabic music +education, so Italian or Solfege note names (@code{do, re, mi, fa, +sol, la, si}) are used instead. Modifiers (accidentals) can also +be used, as discussed in @ref{Note names in other languages}. For example, this is how the Arabic @notation{rast} scale can be notated: @@ -132,9 +124,10 @@ Snippets: @cindex Arabic key signatures In addition to the minor and major key signatures, the following -key signatures are defined in @code{"arabic.ly"}: bayati, rast, -sikah, iraq, and kurd. These key signatures define a small number -of maqam groups rather than the large number of maqams that are in +key signatures are defined in @code{arabic.ly}: @notation{bayati}, +@notation{rast}, @notation{sikah}, @notation{iraq}, and +@notation{kurd}. These key signatures define a small number of +maqam groups rather than the large number of maqams that are in common use. In general, a maqam uses the key signature of its group, or a @@ -143,37 +136,44 @@ the music. For example to indicate the key signature of a maqam muhayer piece: - \key re \bayati +@example +\key re \bayati +@end example -Here re is the default pitch of the muhayer maqam, and bayati is the -name of the base maqam in the group. +Here @var{re} is the default pitch of the muhayer maqam, and +@var{bayati} is the name of the base maqam in the group. -While the key signature indicates the group, it is -common for the title to indicate the more specific maqam, so in this -example, the name of maqam muhayer should appear in the title. +While the key signature indicates the group, it is common for the +title to indicate the more specific maqam, so in this example, the +name of maqam muhayer should appear in the title. +@c FIXME: what group? bayati? +@c FIXME: the list is hard to read. Either end the sentence with +@c the list, or put it in parentheses, or something. Other maqams in the same group, as shown in the table below: -bayati, hussaini, saba, and ushaq can be indicated in the -same way. These are all variations of the base and most common -maqam in the group, which is bayati. They usually differ from the -base maqam in their upper tetrachords, or certain flow details that +bayati, hussaini, saba, and ushaq can be indicated in the same +way. These are all variations of the base and most common maqam +in the group, which is bayati. They usually differ from the base +maqam in their upper tetrachords, or certain flow details that don't change their fundamental nature, as related siblings. -The other maqam in the same group (Nawa) is related to bayati by -modulation which is indicated in the table in parenthesis for -those maqams that are modulations of their base maqam. Arabic +The other maqam in the same group (Nawa) is related to bayati by +modulation which is indicated in the table in parenthesis for +those maqams that are modulations of their base maqam. Arabic maqams admit of only limited modulations, due to the nature of -Arabic musical instruments. Nawa can be indicated as follows : +Arabic musical instruments. Nawa can be indicated as follows: - \key sol \bayati +@example +\key sol \bayati +@end example +In Arabic music, the same term such as bayati that is used to +indicate a maqam group, is also a maqam which is usually the most +important in the group, and can also be thought of as a base +maqam. -In Arabic music, the same term such as bayati that is used to indicate -a maqam group, is also a maqam which is usually the most important -in the group, and can also be thought of as a base maqam. - -Here is one suggested grouping that maps the more common maqams to key -signatures: +Here is one suggested grouping that maps the more common maqams to +key signatures: @multitable @columnfractions 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.6 @headitem maqam group @@ -218,14 +218,11 @@ signatures: @tab huzam @end multitable +@snippets +@lilypondfile[verbatim,lilyquote,texidoc,doctitle] +{non-traditional-key-signatures.ly} -You can also set the key signature using Staff.keySignature as -discussed in @ref{Key signature}. This offers more flexibility -if you don't wish to be limited to the key signatures that are -defined in @code{"arabic.ly"}, or if you don't wish to use the -above method of determining a key signature based on the maqam -group. @seealso @@ -242,6 +239,7 @@ Snippets: @rlsr{World music}, @rlsr{Pitches}. + @node Arabic time signatures @unnumberedsubsubsec Arabic time signatures @@ -249,10 +247,11 @@ Snippets: @cindex Semai form @cindex taqasim +@c FIXME why not just adjust the automatic beaming? Some Arabic and Turkish music classical forms such as Semai use unusual time signatures such as 10/8. This may lead to an automatic grouping of notes that is quite different from existing -typeset music. You can override this by switching off automatic +typeset music. You can override this by switching off automatic beaming, and grouping the notes manually using @code{[ ]} to surround grouped notes, as described in @ref{Manual beams}.