@author Heikki Junes @c Finnish glossary
@c Fixes by Jean-Pierre Coulon and `Dirk'
-@c Norwegian?
Copyright @copyright{} 1999--2004 by the authors
NL: a,
DK: a,
S: a,
-FI: A, a,
-N: a.
+FI: A, a.
@aitem{accent}
ES: acento,
NL: accent,
DK: accent,
S: accent,
-FI: aksentti, korostus,
-N: ?.
+FI: aksentti, korostus.
The stress of one tone over others.
NL: voorteken,
DK: l@o{}st fortegn,
S: tillf@"alligt f@"ortecken,
-FI: tilap@"ainen etumerkki,
-N: ?.
+FI: tilap@"ainen etumerkki.
@c F: alt@'eration accidentelle, D: Vorzeichen, Versetzungszeichen,
@c Akzidenz, NL: toevallig teken, I: accidento.
NL: accelerando,
DK: accelerando,
S: accelerando,
-FI: accelerando, kiihdytt@"aen,
-N: ?.
+FI: accelerando, kiihdytt@"aen.
Increase tempo.
NL: adagio,
DK: adagio,
S: adagio,
-FI: adagio, hitaasti,
-N: adagio.
+FI: adagio, hitaasti.
It. comfortable, easy.
1. Slow tempo, slower -- especially in even meter -- than
NL: allegro,
DK: allegro,
S: allegro,
-FI: allegro, nopeasti,
-N: allegro.
+FI: allegro, nopeasti.
It. cheerful. Quick tempo. Also used as a title for pieces in a quick tempo,
especially the first and last movements of a @aref{sonata}.
NL: alt,
DK: alt,
S: alt,
-FI: altto, matala nais@"a@"ani,
-N: alt.
+FI: altto, matala nais@"a@"ani.
A female voice of low range (@emph{contralto}). Originally the alto was a high
male voice (hence the name) which by the use of falsetto reached the height of
NL: alt sleutel,
DK: altn@o{}gle,
S: altklav,
-FI: alttoavain,
-N: ?.
+FI: alttoavain.
C clef setting central C on the middle line of the staff
@aref{C clef}.
NL: ambitus,
DK: ambitus,
S: ambitus,
-FI: ambitus, @"a@"aniala, soitinala,
-N: ?.
+FI: ambitus, @"a@"aniala, soitinala.
The term ambitus denotes a range of pitches for a given voice in a part of music. It also may denote the pitch range that a musical instrument is capable of playing.
NL: authentieke mineurtoonladder,
DK: ren mol,
S: ren mollskala,
-FI: luonnollinen molliasteikko,
-N: ?.
+FI: luonnollinen molliasteikko.
@lilypond[notime]
\set Score.automaticBars = ##f
NL: andante,
DK: andante,
S: andante,
-FI: andante, k@"ayden,
-N: andante.
+FI: andante, k@"ayden.
Walking tempo/character.
NL: voorslag,
DK: forslag,
S: f@"orslag,
-FI: appoggiatura, etuhele,
-N: ?.
+FI: appoggiatura, etuhele.
Ornamental note, usually a second, that is melodically connected with the main
note that follows it. In music before the 19th century a. were usually
NL: gebroken akoord,
DK: arpeggio, akkordbrydning,
S: arpeggio,
-FI: arpeggio, murtosointu,
-N: ?.
+FI: arpeggio, murtosointu.
@lilypond
\notes \context PianoStaff <<
NL: stijgend interval,
DK:@w{ }stigende interval,
S: stigande intervall,
-FI: nouseva intervalli,
-N: ?.
+FI: nouseva intervalli.
A distance between a starting lower note and a higher ending note.
NL: overmatig interval,
DK: forst@o{}rret interval,
S: @"overstigande intervall,
-FI: ylinouseva intervalli,
-N: ?.
+FI: ylinouseva intervalli.
@aref{interval}.
NL: manuscript,
DK: h@aa{}ndskrift, autograf,
S: handskrift,
-FI: k@"asinkirjoitettu nuotti,
-N: ?.
+FI: k@"asinkirjoitettu nuotti.
1. A manuscript in the composer's own hand.
2. Music prepared for photoreproduction by freehand drawing,
NL: b,
DK: h,
S: h,
-FI: H, h,
-N: h.
+FI: H, h.
@aitemii{backfall,forefall}
@aref{appoggiatura}.
NL: maatstreep,
DK: taktstreg,
S: taktstreck,
-FI: tahtiviiva,
-N: ?.
+FI: tahtiviiva.
@aitem{bar}
ES: comp@'as, @aref{measure}.
NL: bariton,
DK: baryton,
S: baryton,
-FI: baritoni, keskikorkuinen mies@"a@"ani,
-N: baryton.
+FI: baritoni, keskikorkuinen mies@"a@"ani.
The male voice intermediate between the @aref{bass} and the
@aref{tenor}.
NL: baritonsleutel,
DK: barytonn@o{}gle,
S: barytonklav,
-FI: baritoniavain,
-N: ?.
+FI: baritoniavain.
C or F clef setting central C on the upper staff line.
@aref{C clef}, @aref{F clef}.
NL: bassleutel,
DK: basn@o{}gle,
S: basklav,
-FI: bassoavain,
-N: ?.
+FI: bassoavain.
A clef setting with central C on the first top ledger line.
@aref{F clef}.
NL: bas,
DK: bas,
S: bas,
-FI: basso, matala mies@"a@"ani,
-N: bas.
+FI: basso, matala mies@"a@"ani.
1. The lowest of men's voices.
2. Sometimes, especially in jazz music, used as
NL: waardestreep,
DK: bj@ae{}lke,
S: balk,
-FI: palkki,
-N: ?.
+FI: palkki.
Line connecting a series of notes (shorter than a quarter note).
The number of beams determine the note value of the connected notes.
NL: tel,
DK: (takt)slag,
S: taktslag,
-FI: aika-arvo,
-N: ?.
+FI: aika-arvo.
Note value used for counting, most often half-, fourth-, and eighth notes.
The base counting value and the number of them per measure is indicated at
NL: accolade, teksthaak,
DK: klamme,
S: klammer,
-FI: yhdist@"av@"a sulkumerkki,
-N: ?.
+FI: yhdist@"av@"a sulkumerkki.
Symbol at the start of a system connecting staves. Curly braces are used
for connecting piano staves, angular brackets for connecting parts in an
F: cuivres,
DK: messingbl@ae{}sere,
S: brassinstrument, m@"assingsinstrument,
-FI: vaskisoitin,
-N: ?.
+FI: vaskisoitin.
A family of blown musical instruments made of brass all using a cup formed
mouth piece. The brass instruments commonly used in a symphony orchestra are
NL: repercussieteken,
DK: vejrtr@ae{}kningstegn,
S: andningstecken,
-FI: hengitysmerkki,
-N: ?.
+FI: hengitysmerkki.
Indication of where to breathe in vocal and wind instrument parts.
NL: brevis,
DK: brevis,
S: brevis,
-FI: brevis,
-N: ?.
+FI: brevis.
@aref{note value} twice as long as a whole note. Mainly used
in pre-1650 music.
NL: c,
DK: c,
S: c,
-FI: C, c,
-N: c.
+FI: C, c.
@aitem{C clef}
ES: Clave de do,
NL: C-sleutel,
DK: c-n@o{}gle,
S: c-klav,
-FI: C-avain,
-N: ?.
+FI: C-avain.
Clef symbol indicating the position of the central C. Used on all note
lines.
NL: cadens,
DK: kadence,
S: kadens,
-FI: kadenssi, lopuke,
-N: ?.
+FI: kadenssi, lopuke.
@aref{harmonic cadence}, @aref{functional harmony}.
NL: cadens,
DK: kadence,
S: kadens,
-FI: kadenssi, lopuke,
-N: ?.
+FI: kadenssi, lopuke.
An extended, improvisatory style section inserted near the end of
movement. The purpose of a cadenza is to give the singer or player a chance to
NL: canon,
DK: kanon,
S: kanon,
-FI: kaanon, tarkka j@"aljittely,
-N: ?.
+FI: kaanon, tarkka j@"aljittely.
@aref{counterpoint}.
NL: cent,
DK: cent,
S: cent,
-FI: sentti, puolis@"avelaskeleen sadasosa tasavireisess@"a viritysj@"arjestelm@"ass@"a,
-N: ?.
+FI: sentti, puolis@"avelaskeleen sadasosa tasavireisess@"a viritysj@"arjestelm@"ass@"a.
Logarithmic unit of measurement. 1 cent is 1/1200 of an octave (1/100 of an
equally tempered @aref{semitone}).
NL: akkoord,
DK: akkord,
S: ackord,
-FI: sointu,
-N: ?.
+FI: sointu.
Three or more tones sounding simultaneously. In traditional European music the
base chord is a @emph{triad} consisting of 2@w{ }thirds. @emph{Major} (major +
NL: chromatische toonladder,
DK: kromatisk skala,
S: kromatisk skala,
-FI: kromaattinen asteikko,
-N: ?.
+FI: kromaattinen asteikko.
-A scale consisting of all 11 @aref{semitone}s.
+A scale consisting of all 12 @aref{semitone}s.
@lilypond[notime]
\set Score.automaticBars = ##f
NL: chromatiek,
DK: kromatik,
S: kromatik,
-FI: kromatiikka,
-N: ?.
+FI: kromatiikka.
Use of tones extraneous to a @aref{diatonic scale} (minor, major).
NL: kerktoonladder,
DK: kirketoneart,
S: kyrkotonart,
-FI: moodi, kirkkos@"avellaji,
-N: ?.
+FI: moodi, kirkkos@"avellaji.
@aref{diatonic scale}.
NL: sleutel,
DK: n@o{}gle,
S: klav,
-FI: avain, nuottiavain,
-N: ?.
+FI: avain, nuottiavain.
@aref{C clef}, @aref{F clef}, @aref{G clef}.
NL: komma,
DK: komma,
S: komma,
-FI: komma, korvinkuultava ero @"a@"anenkorkeudessa,
-N: ?.
+FI: komma, korvinkuultava ero @"a@"anenkorkeudessa.
Difference in pitch between a note derived from pure tuning and the same note
derived from some other tuning method. @aref{temperament}.
NL: samengesteld interval,
DK: sammensat interval,
S: sammansatt intervall,
-FI: oktaavia laajempi intervalli,
-N: ?.
+FI: oktaavia laajempi intervalli.
Intervals larger than an octave.
NL: complementair interval,
DK: komplement@ae{}rinterval,
S: komplement@"arintervall (?),
-FI: t@"aydent@"av@"a intervalli,
-N: ?.
+FI: t@"aydent@"av@"a intervalli.
@aref{inverted interval}.
NL: stapsgewijze, trapsgewijze beweging,
DK: trinvis bev@ae{}gelse,
S: stegvis r@"orelse,
-FI: asteittainen liike,
-N: ?.
+FI: asteittainen liike.
Melody moving in the narrow steps of the scale.
NL: consonant,
DK: konsonans,
S: konsonans,
-FI: konsonanssi, sopusointi,
-N: ?.
+FI: konsonanssi, sopusointi.
@aref{harmony}.
NL: contralto,
DK: alt,
S: alt,
-FI: kontra-altto,
-N: ?.
+FI: kontra-altto.
@aref{alto}.
NL: contrapunt,
DK: kontrapunkt,
S: kontrapunkt,
-FI: kontrapunkti, @"a@"ani @"a@"ant@"a vastaan,
-N: ?.
+FI: kontrapunkti, @"a@"ani @"a@"ant@"a vastaan.
From latin @emph{punctus contra punctum}, note against note. The combination
into a single musical fabric of lines or parts which have distinct melodic
NL: contratenor,
DK: kontratenor,
S: kontratenor, counter tenor,
-FI: kontratenori,
-N: kontratenor.
+FI: kontratenori.
@aref{contralto}.
NL: crescendo,
DK: crescendo,
S: crescendo,
-FI: cresendo, voimistuen,
-N: crescendo.
+FI: cresendo, voimistuen.
Increasing volume. Indicated by a rightwards opening horizontal wedge or the
abbreviation ``cresc.''.
NL: stichnoten,
DK: stiknoder,
S: inprickningar,
-FI: vihjenuotit,
-N: ?.
+FI: vihjenuotit.
In a separate part notes belonging to another part with the purpose of hinting
when to start playing. Usually printed in a smaller type.
NL: d,
DK: d,
S: d,
-FI: D, d,
-N: d.
+FI: D, d.
@aitem{da capo}
ES: da capo,
NL: da capo,
DK: da capo,
S: da capo,
-FI: da capo, alusta,
-N: ?.
+FI: da capo, alusta.
The term indicates repetition of the piece from the beginning to the end or to
a certain place marked @emph{fine}. Mostly abbreviated as ``D.C.''.
NL: dal segno,
DK: dal segno,
S: dal segno,
-FI: dal segno, merkkiin asti,
-N: ?.
+FI: dal segno, merkkiin asti.
Abbreviated ``d.s.''. Repetition, not from the beginning, but from
another place frequently near the beginning marked by a sign:
NL: decrescendo,
DK: decrescendo,
S: decrescendo,
-FI: decresendo, hiljentyen,
-N: decrescendo.
+FI: decresendo, hiljentyen.
Decreasing tone volume. Indicated by a leftwards opening horizontal wedge
or the abbreviation ``decresc.''.
NL: dalend interval,
DK: faldende interval,
S: fallande intervall,
-FI: laskeva intervalli,
-N: ?.
+FI: laskeva intervalli.
A distance between a starting higher note and a lower ending note.
NL: diatonische toonladder,
DK: diatonisk skala,
S: diatonisk skala,
-FI: diatoninen asteikko,
-N: ?.
+FI: diatoninen asteikko.
A scale consisting of 5@w{ }@aref{whole tone}s and
2@w{ }@aref{semitone}s (S). Scales played on the white keys
NL: verminderd interval,
DK: formindsket interval,
S: f@"orminskat intervall,
-FI: v@"ahennetty intervalli,
-N: ?.
+FI: v@"ahennetty intervalli.
@aref{interval}.
NL: diminuendo,
DK: diminuendo,
S: diminuendo,
-FI: diminuendo, hiljentyen,
-N: diminuendo.
+FI: diminuendo, hiljentyen.
@aref{decrescendo}.
NL: sprongsgewijze beweging,
DK: springende bev@ae{}gelse,
S: hoppande r@"orelse,
-FI: melodian hyppiv@"a liike,
-N: ?.
+FI: melodian hyppiv@"a liike.
Melody moving in steps greater than those of the
scale. Opposite of @aref{conjunct movement}.
NL: dissonant interval; dissonant,
DK: dissonerende interval, dissonans,
S: dissonans,
-FI: dissonanssi, dissonoiva intervalli, riitasointi,
-N: ?.
+FI: dissonanssi, dissonoiva intervalli, riitasointi.
@aref{harmony}.
NL: dominant noon akkoord,
DK: dominantnoneakkord,
S: dominantnonackord,
-FI: dominanttinoonisointu,
-N: ?.
+FI: dominanttinoonisointu.
@aref{chord}, @aref{functional harmony}.
NL: dominant septiem akkoord,
DK: dominantseptimakkord,
S: dominantseptimackord,
-FI: dominanttiseptimisointu,
-N: ?
+FI: dominanttiseptimisointu.
@aref{chord}, @aref{functional harmony}.
NL: dominant,
DK: dominant,
S: dominant,
-FI: dominantti, huippusointu,
-N: ?.
+FI: dominantti, huippusointu.
The fifth @aref{scale degree},
@aref{functional harmony}.
NL: dorische toonladder,
DK: dorisk skala,
S: dorisk tonart,
-FI: doorinen moodi,
-N: ?.
+FI: doorinen moodi.
@aref{diatonic scale}.
NL: punt,
DK: punkt,
S: punkt,
-FI: piste,
-N: ?.
+FI: piste.
@aref{dotted note}.
NL: gepuncteerde noot,
DK: punkteret node,
S: punkterad not,
-FI: pisteellinen nuotti,
-N: ?.
+FI: pisteellinen nuotti.
@aref{note value}.
NL: dubbele voorslag,
DK: dobbelt forslag,
S: dubbelslag,
-FI: kaksoisappogiatura, kaksoisetuhele,
-N: ?.
+FI: kaksoisappogiatura, kaksoisetuhele.
@aref{appoggiatura}.
NL: dubbele maatstreep,
DK: dobbeltstreg,
S: dubbelstreck,
-FI: kaksoistahtiviiva,
-N: ?.
+FI: kaksoistahtiviiva.
Indicates the end of a section within a movement.
NL: dubbelgepuncteerde noot,
DK: dob@-belt@-punk@-te@-ret node,
S: dub@-bel@-punk@-te@-rad not,
-FI: kaksoispisteellinen nuotti,
-N: ?.
+FI: kaksoispisteellinen nuotti.
@aref{note value}.
NL: dubbelmol,
DK: dob@-belt-b,
S: dubbelbe,
-FI: kaksoisalennusmerkki,
-N: ?.
+FI: kaksoisalennusmerkki.
@aref{accidental}.
NL: dubbelkruis,
DK: dob@-belt@-kryds,
S: dubbelkors,
-FI: kaksoisylennysmerkki,
-N: ?.
+FI: kaksoisylennysmerkki.
@aref{accidental}.
NL: dubbele triller,
DK: dobbelttrille,
S: dubbeldrill,
-FI: kaksoistrilli,
-N: ?.
+FI: kaksoistrilli.
A simultaneous trill on two notes, usually in the distance of a third.
NL: tweedelige maatsoort,
DK: todelt takt,
S: tv@aa{}takt,
-FI: kaksoistempo,
-N: ?.
+FI: kaksoistempo.
@aref{meter}.
NL: duool,
DK: duol,
S: duol,
-FI: duoli,
-N: ?.
+FI: duoli.
@aref{note value}.
NL: duur, lengte,
DK: varighed,
S: tonl@"angd,
-FI: kesto, aika-arvo,
-N: ?.
+FI: kesto, aika-arvo.
@aref{note value}.
NL: e,
DK: e,
S: e,
-FI: E, e,
-N: e.
+FI: E, e.
@aitem{eighth note}
ES: corchea,
NL: achtste noot,
DK: ottendedelsnode,
S: @aa{}ttondelsnot,
-FI: kahdeksasosanuotti,
-N: ?.
+FI: kahdeksasosanuotti.
@aref{note value}.
NL: achtste rust,
DK: ottendedelspause,
S: @aa{}ttonddelspaus,
-FI: kahdeksasosatauko,
-N: ?.
+FI: kahdeksasosatauko.
@aref{note value}.
NL: steken,
DK: nodestik,
S: nottryck,
-FI: painatus,
-N: ?.
+FI: painatus.
Engraving means incising or etching a metal plate for
printing. Photoengraving means drawing music with ink in a manner
NL: enharmonisch,
DK: enharmonisk,
S: enharmonisk,
-FI: enharmoninen,
-N: ?.
+FI: enharmoninen.
Two notes, intervals, or scales are enharmonic if they have different names
but equal pitch.
NL: ge@-lijk@-zwe@-ven@-de temperatuur,
DK: ligesv@ae{}vende temperatur,
S: liksv@"avande temperatur,
-FI: tasavireinen,
-N: ?.
+FI: tasavireinen.
Tuning system dividing the octave into 12 equal @aref{semitone}s
(precisely 100 @aref{cent}s). @aref{temperament}.
NL: voordrachtsteken,
DK: foredragsbetegnelse,
S: f@"oredragsbeteckning,
-FI: nyanssiosoitus, esitysmerkki,
-N: ?.
+FI: nyanssiosoitus, esitysmerkki.
Performance indications concerning 1. volume, dynamics (for example
@aref{forte}, @aref{crescendo}), 2. tempo (for example
NL: f,
DK: f,
S: f,
-FI: F, f,
-N: f.
+FI: F, f.
@aitem{F clef}
ES: Clave de Fa,
NL: F-sleutel,
DK: F-n@o{}gle,
S: f-klav,
-FI: F-avain,
-N: ?.
+FI: F-avain.
The position between the dots of the key symbol is the line of the F below
central@w{ }C. Used on the third, fourth and fifth note line. A
NL: fermate,
DK: fermat,
S: fermat,
-FI: fermaatti, pid@"ake,
-N: ?.
+FI: fermaatti, pid@"ake.
Prolonged note or rest of indefinite duration.
NL: kwint,
DK: kvint,
S: kvint,
-FI: kvintti,
-N: kvint.
+FI: kvintti.
@aref{interval}.
NL: vingerzetting,
DK: fingers@ae{}tning,
S: fingers@"attning,
-FI: sormitus,
-N: ?.
+FI: sormitus.
The methodical use of fingers in the playing of instruments.
NL: vlaggetje,
DK: fane,
S: flagga,
-FI: lippu, viiri,
-N: ?.
+FI: lippu, viiri.
Ornament at the end of the stem of a note used for notes with values
less than a quarter note. The number of flags determines the
NL: mol,
DK: b,
S: bef@"ortecken,
-FI: alennusmerkki,
-N: ?.
+FI: alennusmerkki.
@aref{accidental}.
NL: forte,
DK: forte,
S: forte,
-FI: forte, voimakkaasti,
-N: ?.
+FI: forte, voimakkaasti.
Loud, abbreviated @b{f}, @emph{fortissimo} (@b{ff}) very loud,
@emph{mezzoforte} (@b{mf}) medium loud.
NL: kwart,
DK: kvart,
S: kvart,
-FI: kvartti,
-N: ?.
+FI: kvartti.
@aref{interval}.
NL: fuga,
DK: fuga,
S: fuga,
-FI: fuuga,
-N: ?.
+FI: fuuga.
@aref{counterpoint}.
NL: functionele harmonie,
DK: funktionsanalyse, funktionsharmonik,
S: funktionsl@"ara,
-FI: harmoniaj@"arjestelm@"a,
-N: ?.
+FI: harmoniaj@"arjestelm@"a.
A system of harmonic analysis. It is based on the idea that, in a given key,
there are only three functionally different chords: tonic (T, the chord on the
NL: g,
DK: g,
S: g,
-FI: G, g,
-N: g.
+FI: G, g.
@aitem{G clef}
ES: Clave de sol,
NL: G-sleutel,
DK: g-n@o{}gle,
S: g-klav,
-FI: G-avain,
-N: ?.
+FI: G-avain.
A clef symbol indicating the G above central@w{ }C. Used on the first
and second note lines. A digit 8 above the clef symbol indicates that
NL: glissando,
DK: glissando,
S: glissando,
-FI: glissando, liukuen,
-N: glissando.
+FI: glissando, liukuen.
Letting the pitch slide fluently from one note to the other.
NL: versieringen,
DK: forsiringer,
S: ornament,
-FI: korunuotit,
-N: ?.
+FI: korunuotit.
Notes printed in small types to indicate that their time values are not
counted in the rhythm of the bar. @aref{appoggiatura}.
NL: piano systeem,
DK: klaversystem,
S: ackolad, b@"ojd klammer,
-FI: kaksoisnuottiviivasto,
-N: ?.
+FI: kaksoisnuottiviivasto.
@aref{brace}.
NL: grave, ernstig,
DK: grave,
S: grave,
-FI: grave, raskaasti,
-N: ?.
+FI: grave, raskaasti.
Slow, solemn.
NL: halve noot,
DK: halvnode,
S: halvnot,
-FI: puolinuotti,
-N: ?.
+FI: puolinuotti.
@aref{note value}.
NL: halve, rust,
DK: halvnodespause,
S: halvpaus,
-FI: puolitauko,
-N: ?.
+FI: puolitauko.
@aref{note value}.
NL: harmonische cadens,
DK: harmonisk kadence,
S: (harmonisk) kadens,
-FI: harmoninen kadenssi,
-N: ?.
+FI: harmoninen kadenssi.
Sequence of chords that terminate a musical phrase or
section. @aref{functional harmony}.
NL: harmonie,
DK: samklang,
S: samklang,
-FI: harmonia, yhteissointi,
-N: ?.
+FI: harmonia, yhteissointi.
Tones sounding simultaneously. Two note harmonies fall into the categories
@emph{consonances} and @emph{dissonances}.
NL: homofonie,
DK: homofoni,
S: homofoni,
-FI: homofonia, yksi@"a@"anisyys,
-N: ?.
+FI: homofonia, yksi@"a@"anisyys.
Music in which one voice leads melodically followed by the other voices more
or less in the same rhythm. In contrast to @aref{polyphony}.
NL: interval,
DK: interval,
S: intervall,
-FI: intervalli, kahden s@"avelen korkeusero,
-N: ?.
+FI: intervalli, kahden s@"avelen korkeusero.
Difference in pitch between two notes. Intervals may be perfect, minor, major,
diminished, or augmented. The augmented fourth and the diminished fifth are
NL: interval inversie,
DK: omvendingsinterval,
S: intervallets omv@"andning,
-FI: k@"a@"anteisintervalli,
-N: ?.
+FI: k@"a@"anteisintervalli.
The difference between an interval and an octave.
NL: reine stemming,
DK: ren stemning,
S: ren st@"amning,
-FI: puhdas viritys,
-N: ?.
+FI: puhdas viritys.
Tuning system in which the notes are obtained by adding and subtracting
natural fifths and thirds. @aref{temperament}.
NL: toonsoort,
DK: toneart,
S: tonart,
-FI: tonaliteetti,
-N: ?.
+FI: tonaliteetti.
According to the 12@w{ }tones of the @aref{chromatic scale}
there are 12@w{ }keys, one on@w{ }c, one on c-sharp, etc.
NL: toon@-soort (voortekens),
DK: faste fortegn,
S: tonartssignatur,
-FI: s@"avellajiosoitus,
-N: ?.
+FI: s@"avellajiosoitus.
The sharps or flats appearing at the beginning of each staff indicating the
key of the music. @aref{accidental}.
NL: largo,
DK: largo,
S: largo,
-FI: largo, hitaasti, leve@"asti,
-N: largo.
+FI: largo, hitaasti, leve@"asti.
Very slow in tempo, usually combined with great
expressiveness. @emph{Larghetto} is less slow than largo.
NL: leidtoon,
DK: ledetone,
S: ledton,
-FI: johtos@"avel,
-N: ?.
+FI: johtos@"avel.
The seventh @aref{scale degree}, a @aref{semitone} below
the tonic; so called because of its strong tendency to ``lead up'' (resolve
NL: hulplijntje,
DK: hj@ae{}lpelinie,
S: hj@"alplinje,
-FI: apuviiva,
-N: ?.
+FI: apuviiva.
A ledger line is an extension of the staff.
NL: legato,
DK: legato,
S: legato,
-FI: legato, sitoen,
-N: ?.
+FI: legato, sitoen.
To be performed (a) without any perceptible interruption between the notes
unlike (b) @emph{leggiero} or @emph{non-legato}, (c) @emph{portato} and
NL: le@-lie@-vij@-ver,
DK: liliedam,
S: liljedamm,
-FI: liljalampi,
-N: ?.
+FI: liljalampi.
A pond with lilies floating in it, also the name of a music typesetter.
NL: lijn,
DK: nodelinie,
S: notlinje,
-FI: viiva, nuottiviiva,
-N: ?.
+FI: viiva, nuottiviiva.
@aref{staff}.
NL: Lange voorslag,
DK: langt forslag,
S: l@aa{}ngt f@"orslag,
-FI: pitk@"a appoggiatura, pitk@"a etuhele,
-N: ?.
+FI: pitk@"a appoggiatura, pitk@"a etuhele.
@aref{appoggiatura}.
NL: longa,
DK: longa,
S: longa,
-FI: longa,
-N: longa.
+FI: longa.
Note value: double length of @aref{breve}.
@aref{note value}.
DK: .,
S: .,
FI, sanoitus,
-N: ..
@aitem{major interval}
ES: intervalo mayor,
NL: groot interval,
DK: stort interval,
S: stort intervall,
-FI: suuri intervalli,
-N: ?.
+FI: suuri intervalli.
@aref{interval}.
NL: majeur,
DK: dur,
S: dur,
-FI: duuri,
-N: dur.
+FI: duuri.
@aref{diatonic scale}.
NL: middenstemming, middentoonstemming,
DK: middeltonetemperatur,
S: medeltonstemperatur,
-FI: keskis@"avelviritys,
-N: ?.
+FI: keskis@"avelviritys.
Temperament yielding acoustically pure thirds by decreasing the natural fifth
by 16@w{ }@aref{cent}s. Due to the non-circular character of this
NL: maat,
DK: takt,
S: takt,
-FI: tahti,
-N: takt.
+FI: tahti.
A group of @aref{beat}s (units of musical time) the first of which
bears an accent. Such groups in numbers of two or more recur consistently
D: Mediante,
DK: mediant,
S: mediant,
-FI: keskis@"avel,
-N: ?.
+FI: keskis@"avel.
1. The third @b{scale degree}.
2. A @aref{chord} having its base tone
@aitem{melisma}
NL: melisma,
-FI: melisma, laulettavan tavun s@"avelkuvio,
+FI: melisma, laulettavan tavun s@"avelkuvio.
A melisma (plural: melismata) is a group of notes or tones sung on one
syllable in plainsong
NL: maatsoort,
DK: taktart,
S: taktart,
-FI: aika-arvo,
-N: ?.
+FI: aika-arvo.
The basic scheme of @aref{note value}s and
@aref{accent}s which remains unaltered throughout a composition
NL: metronoom,
DK: me@-tro@-nom,
S: me@-tro@-nom,
-FI: metronomi,
-N: metronom.
+FI: metronomi.
Device indicating the exact tempo of a piece. @aref{metronomic
indication}.
NL: metronoom aanduiding,
DK: metronomtal,
S: metronomangivelse,
-FI: metronomiosoitus,
-N: ?.
+FI: metronomiosoitus.
Exact tempo indication (in beats per minute). Also denoted by
M.M. (M@"alzels Metronom).
NL: mezzosopraan,
DK: mezzosopran,
S: mezzosopran,
-FI: mezzosopraano,
-N: mezzosopran.
+FI: mezzosopraano.
The female voice between @aref{soprano} and
@aref{contralto}.
NL: centrale@w{ }c,
DK: enstreget@w{ }c,
S: ettstruket@w{ }c,
-FI: keski-C,
-N: ?.
+FI: keski-C.
First C below the 440 Hz A.
NL: mineur,
DK: mol,
S: moll,
-FI: molli,
-N: ?.
+FI: molli.
@aref{diatonic scale}.
NL: klein interval,
DK: lille interval,
S: litet intervall,
-FI: pieni intervalli,
-N: ?.
+FI: pieni intervalli.
@aref{interval}.
NL: modus,
DK: skala,
S: modus, skala,
-FI: moodi, kirkkos@"avelasteikko,
-N: ?.
+FI: moodi, kirkkos@"avelasteikko.
@aref{church mode}, @aref{diatonic scale}.
NL: modulatie,
DK: modulation,
S: modulering,
-FI: modulaatio, s@"avellajin vaihdos,
-N: ?.
+FI: modulaatio, s@"avellajin vaihdos.
Moving from one @aref{key} to another. For example, the second
subject of a @aref{sonata form} movement modulates to the dominant
NL: mordent,
DK: mordent,
S: mordent,
-FI: mordent, korukuvio,
-N: ?.
+FI: mordent, korukuvio.
@aref{ornament}.
NL: motief,
DK: motiv,
S: motiv,
-FI: teema, s@"avelaihe,
-N: ?.
+FI: teema, s@"avelaihe.
The briefest intelligible and self-contained fragment of a musical theme or
subject.
NL: deel,
DK: sats,
S: sats,
-FI: osa,
-N: ?.
+FI: osa.
Greater musical works like @aref{symphony} and
@aref{sonata} most often consist of several -- more or less --
D: mehrtaktige Pause,
DK: flertaktspause,
S: flertaktspaus,
-FI: usean tahdin mittainen tauko,
-N: ?.
+FI: usean tahdin mittainen tauko.
@lilypond
\notes\relative c'' {
NL: herstellingsteken,
DK: op@-l@o{}sningstegn,
S: @aa{}terst@"allningstecken,
-FI: palautusmerkki,
-N: ?.
+FI: palautusmerkki.
@aref{accidental}.
NL: noon,
DK: none,
S: nona,
-FI: nooni,
-N: ?.
+FI: nooni.
@aref{interval}.
NL: noot,
DK: node,
S: not,
-FI: nuotti,
-N: ?,
+FI: nuotti.
Notes are signs by means of which music is fixed in writing. The term is also
used for the sound indicated by a note, and even for the key of the piano
NL: nootballetje,
DK: nodehovede,
S: nothuvud,
-FI: nuotin p@"a@"a,
-N: ?.
+FI: nuotin p@"a@"a.
A head like sign which indicates pitch by its position on a
@aref{staff} provided with a @aref{clef}, and duration
NL: nootwaarde,
DK nodev@ae{}rdi,
S: notv@"arde,
-FI: nuotin aika-arvo,
-N: ?.
+FI: nuotin aika-arvo.
Note values (durations) are measured as fractions, normally 1/2, of the next
higher note value. The longest duration normally used is called @emph{brevis},
NL: octaaf,
DK: oktav,
S: oktav,
-FI: oktaavi,
-N: ?.
+FI: oktaavi.
@aref{interval}.
NL: versiering,
DK: forsiring,
S: ornament,
-FI: koru, hele,
-N: ?.
+FI: koru, hele.
Most commonly used is the @emph{trill}, the rapid alternation of a given note
with the diatonic @aref{second} above it. In the music from the
NL: alternatief,
DK: ossia,
S: ossia,
-FI: ossia, vaihtoehtoinen esitystapa,
-N: ?.
+FI: ossia, vaihtoehtoinen esitystapa.
Ossia (otherwise) marks an alternative. It is an added staff or piano
score, usually only a few measures long, which presents another version
NL: partij,
DK: stemme,
S: st@"amma,
-FI: stemma, instrumenttiosuus,
-N: ?.
+FI: stemma, instrumenttiosuus.
1. In instrumental or choral music the music for the single instrument
or voice. 2. in contrapuntal music @aref{counterpoint} the single
NL: slagwerk,
DK: slagt@o{}j,
S: slagverk,
-FI: ly@"om@"asoittimet,
-N: ?.
+FI: ly@"om@"asoittimet.
A family of musical instruments which are played on by striking or
shaking. Percussion instruments commonly used in a symphony orchestra are
NL: rein interval,
DK: rent interval,
S: rent intervall,
-FI: puhdas intervalli,
-N: ?.
+FI: puhdas intervalli.
@aref{interval}.
NL: frase, zin,
DK: frase,
S: fras,
-FI: fraasi, lause,
-N: ?.
+FI: fraasi, lause.
A natural division of the melodic line, comparable to a sentence of speech.
NL: frasering,
DK: frasering,
S: fra@-se@-ring,
-FI: fraseeraus, j@"asent@"aminen,
-N: ?.
+FI: fraseeraus, j@"asent@"aminen.
The clear rendering in musical performance of the @aref{phrase}s of
the melody. Phrasing may be indicated by a @aref{slur}.
DK: piano,
S: piano,
FI, piano, hiljaa,
-N: ?.
@emph{piano} (@b{p}) soft, @emph{pianissimo} (@b{pp}) very soft,
@emph{mezzopiano} (@b{mp}) medium soft.
NL: toonhoogte,
DK: toneh@o{}jde,
S: tonh@"ojd,
-FI: s@"avelkorkeus,
-N: ?.
+FI: s@"avelkorkeus.
@aitem{pizzicato}
ES: pizzicato,
NL: pizzicato, getokkeld,
DK: pizzicato,
S: pizzicato,
-FI: pizzicato, n@"app@"aillen,
-N: ?.
+FI: pizzicato, n@"app@"aillen.
Play by plucking the strings.
NL: polyfonie,
DK: polyfoni,
S: polyfoni,
-FI: polyfonia, moni@"a@"anisyys,
-N: ?.
+FI: polyfonia, moni@"a@"anisyys.
Music written in a combination of several simultaneous voices (parts) of a
more or less pronounced individuality. @aref{counterpoint}.
NL: presto, Sehr schnell,
DK: presto,
S: presto,
-FI: presto, hyvin nopeasti,
-N: ?.
+FI: presto, hyvin nopeasti.
Very quick, i.e. quicker than @aref{allegro}. @emph{prestissimo}
denotes the highest possible degree of speed.
NL: komma van Pythagoras,
DK: pythagor@ae{}isk komma,
S: pytagoreiskt komma,
-FI: pytagorinen komma,
-N: ?.
+FI: pytagorinen komma.
A sequence of fifths starting on@w{ }C eventually circles back to@w{ }C,
but this@w{ }C, obtained by adding 12@w{ }fifths, is
NL: kwartool,
DK: kvartol,
S: kvartol,
-FI: kvartoli,
-N: ?.
+FI: kvartoli.
@aref{note value}.
NL: kwartnoot,
DK: fjerdedelsnode,
S: fj@"ardedelsnot,
-FI: nelj@"annesosanuotti,
-N: ?.
+FI: nelj@"annesosanuotti.
@aref{note value}.
NL: kwart rust,
DK:@w{ }fjerdedelspause,
S: fj@"ardedelspaus,
-FI: nelj@"annesosatauko,
-N: ?.
+FI: nelj@"annesosatauko.
@aref{note value}.
NL: kwintool,
DK: kvintol,
S: kvintol,
-FI: kvintoli,
-N: ?.
+FI: kvintoli.
@aref{note value}.
DK: rallentando,
S: rallentando,
FI. rallerdando, hidastuen,
-N: rallentando.
Abbreviation "rall.". @aref{ritardando}.
NL: paralleltoonsoort,
DK: paralleltoneart,
S: parallelltonart,
-FI: rinnakkaiss@"avellaji,
-N: ?.
+FI: rinnakkaiss@"avellaji.
@aref{major} and @aref{minor} @aref{key}
with the same @aref{key signature}.
NL: herhaling,
DK: gen@-ta@-gel@-se,
S: repris,
-FI: toisto,
-N: ?.
+FI: toisto.
@lilypond
\key g \major
NL: rust,
DK: pause,
S: paus,
-FI: tauko,
-N: ?.
+FI: tauko.
@aref{note value}.
NL: ritme,
DK: rytme,
S: rytm,
-FI: rytmi,
-N: ?.
+FI: rytmi.
(a) Metrical rhythm in which every time value is a multiple or fraction of a
fixed unit of time, called @aref{beat}, and in which the normal
DK: ritardando,
S: ritardando,
FI. ritardando, hidastuen,
-N: ?.
Gradually slackening in speed. Mostly abbreviated to rit. or ritard.
NL: ritenuto,
DK: ritenuto,
S: ritenuto,
-FI: ritenuto, hidastaen,
-N: ?.
+FI: ritenuto, hidastaen.
Immediate reduction of speed.
NL: toonladder,
DK: Skala,
S: skala,
-FI: asteikko, s@"avelasteikko,
-N: ?.
+FI: asteikko, s@"avelasteikko.
@aref{diatonic scale}.
NL: trap [van de toonladder],
DK: skalatrin,
S: skalsteg (?),
-FI: s@"avelaste, asteikon s@"avel,
-N: ?.
+FI: s@"avelaste, asteikon s@"avel.
Names and symbols used in harmonic analysis to denote tones of the scale as
roots of chords. The most important are degrees I = tonic (T), IV =
NL: partituur,
DK: partitur,
S: partitur,
-FI: partituuri,
-N: ?.
+FI: partituuri.
A copy of orchestral, choral or chamber music showing what each instrument is
to play, each voice to sing, having each part arranged one underneath the
NL: secunde,
DK: sekund,
S: sekund,
-FI: sekunti,
-N: ?.
+FI: sekunti.
The @aref{interval} between two neigbouring tones of a scale. A
@aref{diatonic scale} consists of alternating
NL: halve toon,
DK: halvtone,
S: halvton,
-FI: puolis@"avel,
-N: ?.
+FI: puolis@"avel.
The @aref{interval} of a minor second. The (usually) smallest
interval in European composed music. The interval between two neighbouring
NL: septiem,
DK: septim,
S: septim,
-FI: septimi,
-N: ?.
+FI: septimi.
@aref{interval}.
NL: sextool,
DK: sekstol,
S: sextol,
-FI: sekstoli,
-N: ?.
+FI: sekstoli.
@aref{note value}.
NL: kruis,
DK: kryds,
S: korsf@"ortecken,
-FI: korotusmerkki,
-N: ?.
+FI: korotusmerkki.
@aref{accidental}.
NL: zes@-ti@-ende noot,
DK: sekstendedelsnode,
S: sextondelsnot,
-FI: kuudestoistaosanuotti,
-N: ?.
+FI: kuudestoistaosanuotti.
@aref{note value}.
NL: zestiende rust,
DK: sekstendedelspause,
S: sextondelspaus,
-FI: kuudesosatauko,
-N: ?.
+FI: kuudesosatauko.
@aref{note value}.
NL: sext,
DK: sekst,
S: sext,
-FI: seksti,
-N: ?.
+FI: seksti.
@aref{interval}.
NL: vierenzestigste noot,
DK: fi@-re@-og@-tred@-sinds@-ty@-ven@-de@-dels@-no@-de,
S: sextiofj@"ardedelsnot,
-FI: kuudeskymmenesnelj@"asosanuotti,
-N: ?.
+FI: kuudeskymmenesnelj@"asosanuotti.
@aref{note value}.
NL: vierenzestigste rust,
DK: fi@-re@-og@-tred@-sinds@-ty@-ven@-de@-dels@-pau@-se,
S: sextiofj@"ardedelspaus,
-FI: kuudeskymmenesnelj@"asosatauko,
-N: ?.
+FI: kuudeskymmenesnelj@"asosatauko.
@aref{note value}.
NL: fraseringsboog, legatoboog, streekboog,
DK: legatobue, fraseringsbue,
S: b@aa{}ge,
-FI: kaari,
-N: ?.
+FI: kaari.
A slur above or below a group of notes indicates that they are to be played
@aref{legato}, e.g., with one stroke of the violin bow or with one
NL: solmizatie,
DK: solmisation,
S: solmisation,
-FI: suhteelliset laulunimet,
-N: ?.
+FI: suhteelliset laulunimet.
General term for systems of designating the degrees of the
@aref{scale}, not by letters, but by syllables (@emph{do}
NL: sonate,
DK: sonate,
S: sonat,
-FI: sonaatti,
-N: ?.
+FI: sonaatti.
In its present-day meaning a sonata denotes an instrumental composition for
piano or for some other instrument with piano accompaniment, which consists of
NL: hoofdvorm, sonatevorm,
DK: sonateform,
S: sonatform,
-FI: sonaattimuoto,
-N: ?.
+FI: sonaattimuoto.
A form used frequently for single movements of the @aref{sonata},
@aref{symphony}, quartet, etc. A movement written in sonata form
NL: sopraan,
DK: sopran,
S: sopran,
-FI: sopraano, korkea nais@"a@"ani,
-N: ?.
+FI: sopraano, korkea nais@"a@"ani.
The highest female voice.
NL: staccato,
DK: staccato,
S: staccato,
-FI: staccato, lyhyesti, ter@"av@"asti,
-N: ?.
+FI: staccato, lyhyesti, ter@"av@"asti.
Playing the note(s) short. Staccato is indicated by a dot above or below the
notehead.
NL: (noten)balk, partij,
DK: nodesystem,
S: notsystem,
-FI: nuottiviivasto,
-N: ?.
+FI: nuottiviivasto.
pl. staves. A series of (normally@w{ }5) horizontal lines upon and between
which the musical notes are written, thus indicating (in connection
NL: stok,
DK: hals,
S: skaft,
-FI: nuottipalkki,
-N: ?.
+FI: nuottipalkki.
Vertical line above or below a @aref{note head} shorter than a
whole note. @aref{beam}.
NL: strijkers,
DK: strygere,
S: str@aa{}kar,
-FI: jouset,
-N: ?.
+FI: jouset.
A family of stringed musical instruments played with a bow. Strings commonly
used in a symphony orchestra are violin, viola, violoncello, and double bass.
NL: thesis,
D: betonet taktslag,
S: betonat taktslag,
-FI: tahdin vahva isku,
-N: ?.
+FI: tahdin vahva isku.
@aref{beat}, @aref{accent}, @aref{measure},
@aref{rhythm}.
NL: subdominant,
DK: subdominant,
S: subdominant,
-FI: subdominantti, alidominantti,
-N: ?.
+FI: subdominantti, alidominantti.
The fourth @aref{scale degree}. @aref{functional
harmony}.
NL: submediant,
DK: Submediant,
S: submediant,
-FI: alikeskis@"avel,
-N: ?.
+FI: alikeskis@"avel.
The sixth @aref{scale degree}.
NL: subtonica,
DK: Subtonika,
S: subtonika,
-FI: subtoonika, alitoonika,
-N: ?.
+FI: subtoonika, alitoonika.
The seventh @aref{scale degree}.
NL: superdominant,
DK: superdominant,
S: superdominant,
-FI: ylidominantti,
-N: ?.
+FI: ylidominantti.
The sixth @aref{scale degree}.
NL: supertonica,
DK: supertonika,
S: supertonika,
-FI: ylitoonika,
-N: ?.
+FI: ylitoonika.
The second @aref{scale degree}.
NL: symfonie,
DK: symfoni,
S: symfoni,
-FI: sinfonia,
-N: ?.
+FI: sinfonia.
A symphony may be defined as a @aref{sonata} for orchestra.
NL: syncope,
DK: synkope,
S: synkop,
-FI: synkooppi,
-N: ?.
+FI: synkooppi.
Any deliberate upsetting of the normal pulse of @aref{meter},
@aref{accent} and @aref{rhythm}. Our system of musical
NL: syntonische komma,
DK: syntonisk komma,
S: syntoniskt komma,
-FI: syntoninen komma, terssin taajuusero luonnollisessa ja Pytagorisessa viritysj@"arjestelm@"ass@"a,
-N: ?.
+FI: syntoninen komma, terssin taajuusero luonnollisessa ja Pytagorisessa viritysj@"arjestelm@"ass@"a.
Difference between the natural third and the third obtained by Pythagorean
tuning (@aref{Pythagorean comma}), equal to 22@w{ }cents.
NL: systeem,
DK: system,
S: system,
-FI: nuottij@"arjestelm@"a,
-N: ?.
+FI: nuottij@"arjestelm@"a.
The collection of staves @aref{staff}, two or more, as used for
writing down of keyboard, chamber, choral, or orchestral music.
NL: stemming, temperatuur,
DK: temperatur,
S: temperatur,
-FI: viritysj@"arjestelm@"a,
-N: ?.
+FI: viritysj@"arjestelm@"a.
Systems of tuning in which the intervals deviate from the acoustically pure
intervals. @aref{meantone temperament}, @aref{equal
NL: tempo aanduiding,
DK: tempobetegelse,
S: tempobeteckning,
-FI: tempomerkint@"a,
-N: ?.
+FI: tempomerkint@"a.
The rate of speed of a composition or a section thereof, ranging from the
slowest to the quickest, as is indicated by tempo marks as
NL: tenor,
DK: tenor,
S: tenor,
-FI: tenori, korkea mies@"a@"ani,
-N: ?.
+FI: tenori, korkea mies@"a@"ani.
The highest voice of men (apart from @aref{counter tenor}).
NL: deciem,
DK: decim,
S: decima,
-FI: desimi,
-N: ?.
+FI: desimi.
@aref{note value}.
NL: terts,
DK: terts,
S: ters,
-FI: terssi,
-N: ?.
+FI: terssi.
@aref{interval}.
NL: twee-endertig@-ste noot,
DK: toogtredivtedelsnode,
S: trettiotv@aa{}ondelsnot,
-FI: kolmanneskymmeneskahdesosanuotti,
-N: ?.
+FI: kolmanneskymmeneskahdesosanuotti.
@aref{note value}.
NL: 32e rust,
DK: toogtredivtedelspause,
S: trettiotv@aa{}ondelspaus,
-FI: kolmanneskymmeneskahdesosatauko,
-N: ?.
+FI: kolmanneskymmeneskahdesosatauko.
@aref{note value}.
NL: basso continuo, becijferde bas
DK: generalbas,
S: generalbas,
-FI: kenraalibasso, numeroitu basso,
-N: ?.
+FI: kenraalibasso, numeroitu basso.
A method of indicating an accompaniment part by the bass notes only, together
with figures designating the chief @aref{interval}s and
NL: overbinding, bindingsboog,
DK: bindebue,
S: bindeb@aa{}ge, @"overbindning,
-FI: sitominen,
-N: ?.
+FI: sitominen.
A curved line, identical in appearance with the @aref{slur}, which
connects two succesive notes of the same pitch, and which has the function of
NL: maatsoort,
DK: taktangivelse,
S: taktartssignatur,
-FI: tahtiosoitus,
-N: ?.
+FI: tahtiosoitus.
@aref{meter}.
NL: toon,
DK: tone,
S: ton,
-FI: @"a@"ani,
-N: ?.
+FI: @"a@"ani.
A sound of definite pitch and duration, as distinct from @emph{noise}.
Tone is a primary building material of music.
NL: tonica,
DK: tonika,
S: tonika,
-FI: toonika,
-N: ?.
+FI: toonika.
The first @aref{scale degree}.
@aref{functional harmony}.
NL: transpositie,
DK: transposition,
S: transponering,
-FI: transponointi,
-N: ?.
+FI: transponointi.
Shifting a melody up or down in pitch, while keeping the same
relative pitches.
NL: viool sleutel,
DK:@w{ }diskantn@o{}gle,
S: diskantklav,
-FI: diskanttiavain,
-N: ?.
+FI: diskanttiavain.
@aref{G clef}.
NL: tremolo,
DK: tremolo,
S: tremolo,
-FI: tremolo,
-N: ?.
+FI: tremolo.
On stringed instruments (@aref{strings}) the quick reiteration of
the same tone, produced by a rapid up-and-down movement movement of the bow
NL: drieklank,
DK: treklang,
S: treklang,
-FI: kolmisointu,
-N: ?.
+FI: kolmisointu.
@aref{chord}.
NL: triller,
DK: trille,
S: drill,
-FI: trilli,
-N: ?.
+FI: trilli.
@aref{ornament}.
NL: driedelige maatsoort,
DK: tredelt takt,
S: tretakt,
-FI: kolmijakoinen,
-N: ?.
+FI: kolmijakoinen.
@aref{meter}.
NL: triool,
DK: triol,
S: triol,
-FI: trioli,
-N: ?.
+FI: trioli.
@aref{note value}.
NL: tritoon,
DK: tritonus,
S: tritonus,
-FI: tritonus,
-N: ?.
+FI: tritonus.
@aref{interval}.
NL: stemvork,
DK: stemmegaffel,
S: st@"amgaffel,
-FI: viritysavain,
-N: ?.
+FI: viritysavain.
A two-pronged piece of steel used to indicate absolute pitch. Tuning forks
give the international pitch for the tone @emph{a} (440 vibrations per second.)
NL: dubbelslag,
DK: dobbeltslag,
S: dubbelslag,
-FI: korukuvio,
-N: ?.
+FI: korukuvio.
???
NL: unisono,
DK: unison,
S: unison,
-FI: unisono, yksi@"a@"anisesti,
-N: ?.
+FI: unisono, yksi@"a@"anisesti.
Playing of the same notes or the same melody by various instruments (voices)
or by the whole orchestra (choir), either at exactly the same pitch or in a
NL: opmaat,
DK: optakt,
S: upptakt,
-FI: kohotahti,
-N: ?.
+FI: kohotahti.
Initial note(s) of a melody occurring before the first bar
line. @aref{measure}, @aref{meter}.
NL: stem,
DK: stemme,
S: st@"amma,
-FI: @"a@"ani, laulu@"a@"ani,
-N: ?,
+FI: @"a@"ani, laulu@"a@"ani.
1. Human voices: @aref{soprano}, @aref{mezzo-soprano},
@aref{contralto}, @aref{tenor},
NL: arsis,
DK: ubetonet taktslag,
S: obetonat taktslag,
-FI: tahdin heikko isku,
-N: ?.
+FI: tahdin heikko isku.
@aref{beat}, @aref{measure}, @aref{rhythm}.
NL: hele noot,
DK: helnode,
S: helnot,
-FI: kokonuotti,
-N: ?.
+FI: kokonuotti.
@aref{note value}.
NL: hele rust,
DK: helnodespause,
S: helpaus,
-FI: kokotauko,
-N: ?.
+FI: kokotauko.
@aref{note value}.
NL: hele toon,
DK: heltone,
S: helton,
-FI: kokoaskel,
-N: ?.
+FI: kokoaskel.
The @aref{interval} of a major second. The interval between two
tones on the piano keyboard with exactly one key between them -- including
NL: houtblazers,
DK tr@ae{}bl@ae{}sere,
S: tr@"abl@aa{}sare,
-FI: puupuhaltimet,
-N: ?.
+FI: puupuhaltimet.
A family of blown wooden musical instruments. Today some of these instruments
are actually made from metal. The woodwind instruments commonly used in a
projects / lilypond.git / commitdiff