X-Git-Url: https://git.donarmstrong.com/lilypond.git?a=blobdiff_plain;f=INSTALL.txt;h=3b8dda69a876a800b6a607ce0577a0a5c728ef98;hb=refs%2Fheads%2Fupstream;hp=7ed1f83464bd8a6ef038be58f774f913c2da5eb1;hpb=9627516f833fcd89ce59351ae90dc722ec96a2c5;p=lilypond.git diff --git a/INSTALL.txt b/INSTALL.txt index 7ed1f83464..3b8dda69a8 100644 --- a/INSTALL.txt +++ b/INSTALL.txt @@ -1,488 +1,1173 @@ +INSTALL - compiling and installing GNU LilyPond +*********************************************** -Table of Contents -***************** +1 Compilation + 1.1 Overview of compiling + 1.2 Requirements + 1.2.1 Requirements for running LilyPond + 1.2.2 Requirements for compiling LilyPond + Fedora + Linux Mint + OpenSUSE + Ubuntu + Other + 1.2.3 Requirements for building documentation + 1.3 Getting the source code + 1.4 Configuring ‘make’ + 1.4.1 Running ‘./autogen.sh’ + 1.4.2 Running ‘../configure’ + Configuration options + Checking build dependencies + Configuring target directories + 1.5 Compiling LilyPond + 1.5.1 Using ‘make’ + 1.5.2 Saving time with the ‘-j’ option + 1.5.3 Compiling for multiple platforms + 1.5.4 Useful ‘make’ variables + 1.6 Post-compilation options + 1.6.1 Installing LilyPond from a local build + 1.6.2 Generating documentation + Documentation editor’s edit/compile cycle + Building documentation + Building a single document + Saving time with ‘CPU_COUNT’ + AJAX search + Installing documentation + Building documentation without compiling + 1.6.3 Testing LilyPond binary + 1.7 Problems + Compiling on MacOS X + Solaris + FreeBSD + International fonts + Using lilypond python libraries + 1.8 Concurrent stable and development versions + 1.9 Build system +1 Compilation +************* + +1.1 Overview of compiling +========================= + +Compiling LilyPond from source is an involved process, and is only +recommended for developers and packagers. Typical program users are +instead encouraged to obtain the program from a package manager (on +Unix) or by downloading a precompiled binary configured for a specific +operating system. Pre-compiled binaries are available on the *note +(lilypond-web)Download:: page. + + Compiling LilyPond from source is necessary if you want to build, +install, or test your own version of the program. + + A successful compile can also be used to generate and install the +documentation, incorporating any changes you may have made. However, a +successful compile is not a requirement for generating the +documentation. The documentation can be built using a Git repository in +conjunction with a locally installed copy of the program. For more +information, see *note Building documentation without compiling::. + + Attempts to compile LilyPond natively on Windows have been +unsuccessful, though a workaround is available (see *note +(lilypond-contributor)LilyDev::). + +1.2 Requirements +================ + +1.2.1 Requirements for running LilyPond +--------------------------------------- + +This section contains the list of separate software packages that are +required to run LilyPond. + + • DejaVu fonts (http://www.dejavu-fonts.org/) These are normally + installed by default. + + • FontConfig (http://www.fontconfig.org/) Use version 2.4.0 or newer. + + • Freetype (http://www.freetype.org/) Use version 2.1.10 or newer. + + • Ghostscript (http://www.ghostscript.com) Use version 8.60 or newer. + + • Guile (http://www.gnu.org/software/guile/guile.html) Use version + 1.8.8. Version 2.x of Guile is not currently supported. + + • Pango (http://www.pango.org/) User version 1.12 or newer. + + • Python (http://www.python.org) Use version 2.4 or newer. + + • International fonts. For example: + + Fedora: + + fonts-arabic + fonts-hebrew + fonts-ja + fonts-xorg-truetype + taipeifonts + ttfonts-ja + ttfonts-zh_CN + + Debian based distributions: + emacs-intl-fonts + fonts-ipafont-gothic + fonts-ipafont-mincho + xfonts-bolkhov-75dpi + xfonts-cronyx-75dpi + xfonts-cronyx-100dpi + xfonts-intl-.* + These are normally installed by default and are required only to + create music with international text or lyrics. +1.2.2 Requirements for compiling LilyPond +----------------------------------------- -INSTALL - compiling and installing GNU LilyPond - Downloading - source code - Binaries - Upgrading - Requirements - Compilation - Running requirements - Website requirements - Building LilyPond - Configuring for multiple platforms - Emacs mode - Compiling for distributions - Red Hat Linux - SuSE - Slackware - Mandrake - Debian GNU/Linux - Problems - NetBSD - Solaris: - AIX +This section contains instructions on how to quickly and easily get all +the software packages required to build LilyPond. + Most of the more popular Linux distributions only require a few +simple commands to download all the software needed. For others, there +is an explicit list of all the individual packages (as well as where to +get them from) for those that are not already included in your +distributions’ own repositories. -INSTALL - compiling and installing GNU LilyPond -*********************************************** +Fedora +...... - This document describes how to build LilyPond on Unix platforms. It -is also known to run and compile on Windows NT/95/98 as well. More -information on this topic can be found at the LilyPond on Windows page -(ftp://ftp.lilypond.org/pub/LilyPond/gnu-windows/). +The following instructions were tested on ‘Fedora’ versions 22 & 23 and +will download all the software required to both compile LilyPond and +build the documentation. -Downloading -=========== + • Download and install all the LilyPond build-dependencies + (approximately 700MB); - Even numbered versions are `stable'. The webpages for the stable -version (1.2) reside on the GNU servers -(http://www.gnu.org/software/lilypond). Big enhancements go into the -latest odd numbered version (1.3), whose webpages are on the lilypond -site (http://www.lilypond.org/). + sudo dnf builddep lilypond --nogpgcheck -source code ------------ + • Download and install additional ‘build’ tools required for + compiling; - If you want to compile LilyPond from source, download here: - * Download development releases from - `ftp://ftp.cs.uu.nl/pub/GNU/LilyPond/development/' by FTP and - `http://ftp.cs.uu.nl/pub/GNU/LilyPond/development/', by HTTP. + sudo dnf install autoconf gcc-c++ - * `ftp://sca.uwaterloo.ca/pub/' by FTP (Canadian mirror) + • Download ‘texi2html 1.82’ directly from: + ; - * at `lilypond.org' `ftp://ftp.lilypond.org/pub/LilyPond/' by FTP and - `http://www.lilypond.org/ftp/' by HTTP. + ‘texi2html’ is only required if you intend to compile LilyPond’s + own documentation (e.g. to help with any document writing). The + version available in the Fedora repositories is too new and will + not work. Extract the files into an appropriate location and then + run the commands; -Binaries --------- + ./configure + make + sudo make install - Binaries are available, but are not updated for every version -released. - * RedHat i386 - (ftp://ftp.cs.uu.nl/pub/GNU/LilyPond/binaries/RedHat/RPMS/) + This should install ‘texi2html 1.82’ into ‘/usr/local/bin’, which + will normally take priority over ‘/usr/bin’ where the later, + pre-installed versions gets put. Now verify that your operating + system is able to see the correct version of ‘texi2html’. - * LinuxPPC (ftp://ftp.lilypond.org/pub/LilyPond/binaries/linuxppc) + texi2html --version - * Debian GNU/Linux Stable - (ftp://ftp.debian.org/debian/pool/main/l/lilypond) + • Although not ‘required’ to compile LilyPond, if you intend to + contribute to LilyPond (codebase or help improve the documentation) + then it is recommended that you also need to install ‘git’. - * Debian GNU/Linux Unstable - (ftp://ftp.debian.org/debian/pool/main/l/lilypond1.3) + sudo dnf install git - * Windows Stable (http://home.austin.rr.com/jbr/jeff/lilypond/) - Windows Testing (http://www.lilypond.org/gnu-windows) + Also see *note (lilypond-contributor)Starting with Git::. + • To use the ‘lily-git.tcl’ GUI; -Upgrading ---------- + sudo dnf install tk - There are two options for upgrading sources. + See *note (lilypond-contributor)lily-git::. - * if you have an unpacked source tree of a previous version, you may - the patches. + Note: By default, when building LilyPond’s documentation, + ‘pdfTeX’ is be used. However ligatures (fi, fl, ff etc.) may + not be printed in the PDF output. In this case XeTeX can be + used instead. Download and install the ‘texlive-xetex’ + package. - _If you upgrade by patching do remember to rerun autoconf after - applying the patch_. + sudo dnf install texlive-xetex - * if you have the `.tar.gz' file of a previous release, you can use - xdelta (ftp://ftp.xcf.berkeley.edu/pub/xdelta/). This is much - safer than using patches, and is the recommended way. + The scripts used to build the LilyPond documentation will use + ‘XeTex’ instead of ‘pdfTex’ to generate the PDF documents if + it is available. No additional configuration is required. - The following command produces `lilypond-1.3.122.tar.gz' from - `lilypond-1.3.121' identical (up to compression dates) to the .122 - on the FTP site. - xdelta patch lilypond-1.3.121-1.3.122.xd lilypond-1.3.121.tar.gz +Linux Mint +.......... -Requirements -============ +The following instructions were tested on ‘Linux Mint 17.1’ and ‘LMDE - +Betsy’ and will download all the software required to both compile +LilyPond and build the documentation.. -Compilation ------------ + • Enable the _sources_ repository; - You need the following packages to compile Lilypond. + 1. Using the _Software Sources_ GUI (located under + _Administration_). - * A reasonably new C++ compiler: EGCS 1.1, GCC 2.95.2 or newer. - Check out the gcc site (ftp://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/gcc/). + 2. Select _Official Repositories_. - * Python 1.5, Check out the python website (http://www.python.org). + 3. Check the _Enable source code repositories_ box under the + _Source Code_ section. - * GUILE 1.3.4 or newer, check out the GUILE webpage - (http://www.gnu.org/software/guile/guile.html). Version 1.4 is - recommended for better performance. + 4. Click the _Update the cache_ button and when it has completed, + close the _Software Sources_ GUI. - * GNU Make. Check out the GNU make FTP directory - (ftp://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/make/). + • Download and install all the LilyPond build-dependencies + (approximately 200MB); - * Flex (version 2.5.4a or newer). Check out the Flex webpage - (http://www.gnu.org/software/flex/). + sudo apt-get build-dep lilypond - * Bison (version 1.25 or newer). Check out the bison webpage - (http://www.gnu.org/software/bison/) + • Download and install additional ‘build’ tools required for + compiling; - * TeX. + sudo apt-get install autoconf fonts-texgyre texlive-lang-cyrillic - TeX is used as an output backend. + • Although not ‘required’ to compile LilyPond, if you intend to + contribute to LilyPond (codebase or help improve the documentation) + then it is recommended that you also need to install ‘git’. - Also, TeX's libkpathsea is used to find the fonts (.mf, .afm, - .tfm). Make sure you have tetex 1.0 or newer (1.0.6 is known to - work). You may need to install a tetex-devel or tetex-dev package - too. + sudo apt-get install git - * Texinfo (version 4.0 or newer). The documentation of lily is - written in texinfo. Check out the texinfo FTP directory - (ftp://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/texinfo/). + Also see *note (lilypond-contributor)Starting with Git::. - * The geometry package for LaTeX is needed to use ly2dvi. It is - available at the FTP directory for `geometry' - (ftp://ftp.ctan.org/tex-archive/macros/latex/contrib/supported/geometry). - This package is normally included with the TeX distribution. + • To use the ‘lily-git.tcl’ GUI; - * MetaPost, needed for generating PostScript fonts. Please note that - tetex-0.4pl8 (included with Red Hat 5.x) does not include - `mfplain.mp', which is needed for producing the scalable font - files. + sudo apt-get install tk - If you don't have MetaPost and don't want to use PostScript - output, then edit `mf/GNUmakefile', removing the line saying - `PFA_FILES='. + Also see *note (lilypond-contributor)lily-git::. - * kpathsea, a library for searching (TeX) files. `kpathsea' is - usually included with your installation of TeX. You may need to - install a tetex-devel or tetex-dev package too. + Note: By default, when building LilyPond’s documentation, + ‘pdfTeX’ is be used. However ligatures (fi, fl, ff etc.) may + not be printed in the PDF output. In this case XeTeX can be + used instead. Download and install the ‘texlive-xetex’ + package. - In the very unlikely case that kpathsea is not available for your - platform (ie, you're not running GNU/Linux, Windows, or any recent - UNIX), you can compile LilyPond without kpathsea support. In that - case, you'll probably have to indicate where TeX's tfm files live. - Invoke configure something like: + sudo apt-get install texlive-xetex - ./configure --without-kpathsea --enable-tfm-path=/usr/share/texmf/fonts/tfm/public/cm/:/usr/share/texmf/fonts/tfm/ams/symbols + The scripts used to build the LilyPond documentation will use + ‘XeTex’ instead of ‘pdfTex’ to generate the PDF documents if + it is available. No additional configuration is required. +OpenSUSE +........ -Running requirements --------------------- +The following instructions were tested on ‘OpenSUSE 13.2’ and will +download all the software required to both compile LilyPond and build +the documentation. - GNU LilyPond does use a lot of resources. For operation you need the -following software + • Add the _sources_ repository; - * TeX. + sudo zypper addrepo -f \ + "http://download.opensuse.org/source/distribution/13.2/repo/oss/" sources - * Xdvi and ghostscript + • Download and install all the LilyPond build-dependencies + (approximately 680MB); - * GUILE 1.3.4, or newer. Check out the GUILE webpage - (http://www.gnu.org/software/guile.html) + sudo zypper source-install lilypond - For running LilyPond successfully you have to help TeX and MetaFont -find various files. The recommended way of doing so is adjusting the -environment variables in the start-up scripts of your shell. Appropriate -Csh and bourne sh scripts are left in -`buildscripts/out/lilypond-profile' and -`buildscripts/out/lilypond-login' after compilation. + • Download and install additional ‘build’ tools required for + compiling; - LilyPond is a big and slow program. A fast CPU and plenty of RAM is -recommended for comfortable use. + sudo zypper install make -Website requirements --------------------- + • Although not ‘required’ to compile LilyPond, if you intend to + contribute to LilyPond (codebase or help improve the documentation) + then it is recommended that you also need to install ‘git’. + + sudo zypper install git + + Also see *note (lilypond-contributor)Starting with Git::. + + • To use the ‘lily-git.tcl’ GUI; + + sudo zypper install tk + + Also see *note (lilypond-contributor)lily-git::. + + Note: By default, when building LilyPond’s documentation, + ‘pdfTeX’ is be used. However ligatures (fi, fl, ff etc.) may + not be printed in the PDF output. In this case XeTeX can be + used instead. Download and install the ‘texlive-xetex’ + package. + + sudo zypper install texlive-xetex + + The scripts used to build the LilyPond documentation will use + ‘XeTex’ instead of ‘pdfTex’ to generate the PDF documents if + it is available. No additional configuration is required. + +Ubuntu +...... + +The following commands were tested on Ubuntu versions ‘14.04 LTS’, +‘14.10’ and ‘15.04’ and will download all the software required to both +compile LilyPond and build the documentation. + + • Download and install all the LilyPond build-dependencies + (approximately 200MB); + + sudo apt-get build-dep lilypond + + • Download and install additional ‘build’ tools required for + compiling; + + sudo apt-get install autoconf fonts-texgyre texlive-lang-cyrillic + + • Although not ‘required’ to compile LilyPond, if you intend to + contribute to LilyPond (codebase or help improve the documentation) + then it is recommended that you also need to install ‘git’. + + sudo apt-get install git + + Also see *note (lilypond-contributor)Starting with Git::. + + • To use the ‘lily-git.tcl’ GUI; + + sudo apt-get install tk + + Also see *note (lilypond-contributor)lily-git::. - The documentation comes in the form of a website. You can view this -website on the internet, but you can also build it locally. This process -requires a successful compile of lilypond. The website is built by -issuing + Note: By default, when building LilyPond’s documentation, + ‘pdfTeX’ is be used. However ligatures (fi, fl, ff etc.) may + not be printed in the PDF output. In this case XeTeX can be + used instead. Download and install the ‘texlive-xetex’ + package. - make web-doc + sudo apt-get install texlive-xetex - Building the website requires some additional tools: + The scripts used to build the LilyPond documentation will use + ‘XeTex’ instead of ‘pdfTex’ to generate the PDF documents if + it is available. No additional configuration is required. - * xpmtoppm (from the netpbm package: the Portable Bitmap Utilities). - The original is at the netpbm FTP site - (ftp://ftp.x.org/contrib/utilities/netpbm-1mar1994.p1.tar.gz) +Other +..... - * pnmtopng. The original is at in the pnmtopng FTP site - (ftp://swrinde.nde.swri.edu/pub/png/applications/pnmtopng-2.37.2.tar.gz). +The following individual software packages are required just to compile +LilyPond. - * Bibtex2html (http://www.lri.fr/~filliatr/ftp/bibtex2html/), or - Bib2html (http://www.uni-koblenz.de/ag-ki/ftp/bib2html/). - Bibtex2html is available in debian, while bib2html is in some rpm - based distributions. Bib2html, in turn depends on man2html for - proper installation. man2html can be had from - http://askdonald.ask.uni-karlsruhe.de/hppd/hpux/Networking/WWW/Man2html-1.05 - (http://askdonald.ask.uni-karlsruhe.de/hppd/hpux/Networking/WWW/Man2html-1.05). + • GNU Autoconf (http://www.gnu.org/software/autoconf) - The website will build without bib converter utility, but you will - not see our hypertextified bibliography. + • GNU Bison (http://www.gnu.org/software/bison/) - * texinfo (a development release) The documentation will build with - texinfo-4.0, but if you want split html pages, you're best off - using the lates pretest version from texinfo-4.0b - (ftp://texinfo.org/texinfo/pretests/texinfo-4.0b.tar.gz) or - texinfo-4.0b (ftp://alpha.gnu.org/gnu/texinfo-4.0b.tar.gz) + Use version ‘2.0’ or newer. -Building LilyPond -================== + • GNU Compiler Collection (http://gcc.gnu.org/) - to install GNU LilyPond, type: - gunzip -c lilypond-x.y.z | tar xf - - cd lilypond-x.y.z - ./configure # run with --help to see appropriate options - make - make install - sh buildscripts/clean-fonts.sh + Use version ‘3.4’ or newer (‘4.x’ recommended). - If you are doing an upgrade, you should remove all `feta' `.pk' and -`.tfm' files. A script has been provided to do the work for you, see -`buildscripts/clean-fonts.sh'. + • Flex (http://flex.sourceforge.net/) - If you are not root, you should choose a `--prefix' argument that -points into your home directory, eg. + • FontForge (http://fontforge.sf.net/) - ./configure --prefix=$HOME/usr + Use version ‘20060125’ or newer (we recommend using at least + ‘20100501’); it must also be compiled with the ‘--enable-double’ + switch, else this can lead to inaccurate intersection calculations + which end up with poorly-rendered glyphs in the output. - In this case, you have to insert the contents of -`buildscripts/out/lilypond-login' or -`buildscripts/out/lilypond-profile' into your start up scripts by hand. + • GNU gettext (http://www.gnu.org/software/gettext/gettext.html) -Configuring for multiple platforms ----------------------------------- + Use version ‘0.17’ or newer. - If you want to build multiple versions of LilyPond with different -configuration settings, you can use the `--enable-config=CONF' option -of configure. You should use `make conf=CONF' to generate the output -in `out-CONF'. Example: suppose I want to build with and without -profiling. Then I'd use the following for the normal build, + • GNU Make (http://www.gnu.org/software/make/) - ./configure --prefix=~ --enable-checking - make - make install + Use version ‘3.78’ or newer. - and for the profiling version, I specify a different configuration. + • MetaFont (http://metafont.tutorial.free.fr/) + The ‘mf-nowin’, ‘mf’, ‘mfw’ or ‘mfont’ binaries are usually + packaged along with TeX (http://www.latex-project.org/ftp.html). - ./configure --prefix=~ --enable-profiling --enable-config=prof --disable-checking - make conf=prof - make conf=prof install + • MetaPost (http://cm.bell-labs.com/who/hobby/MetaPost.html) -Emacs mode -========== + The ‘mpost’ binary is also usually packaged with TeX + (http://www.latex-project.org/ftp.html). - An emacs mode for LilyPond is included with the source archive as -`lilypond-mode.el' and `lilypond-font-lock.el'. If you have an RPM, it -is in `/usr/share/doc/lilypond-X/'. You have to install it yourself. + • Perl (http://www.perl.org/) - Add this to your `~/.emacs' or `~/.emacs.el': - (load-library "lilypond-mode.el") - (setq auto-mode-alist - (cons '("\\.ly$" . LilyPond-mode) auto-mode-alist)) - (add-hook 'LilyPond-mode-hook (lambda () (turn-on-font-lock))) + • Texinfo (http://www.gnu.org/software/texinfo/) - If you have the latest LilyPond-1.3.x Debian package, LilyPond-mode -is automatically loaded, so you need not modify your `~/.emacs' file. + Use version ‘4.11’ or newer. -Compiling for distributions + • Type 1 utilities (http://www.lcdf.org/~eddietwo/type/#t1utils) + + Use version ‘1.33’ or newer. + + • Cyrillic fonts (https://www.ctan.org/pkg/cyrillic?lang=en) + + Often packaged in repositories as ‘texlive-lang-cyrillic’. + + • TeX Gyre ‘OTF’ font packages. As of LilyPond version ‘2.19.26’, + the previous default serif, san serif and monospace fonts now use + Tex Gyre’s _Schola_, _Heros_ and _Cursor_ fonts respectively. Also + See *note (lilypond-notation)Fonts::. + + Some distributions do not always provide ‘OTF’ font files in the + Tex Gyre packages from their repositories. Use the command + ‘fc-list | grep texgyre’ to list the fonts available to your system + and check that the appropriate ‘*.otf’ files are reported. If they + are not then download and manually extract the ‘OTF’ files to + either your local ‘~/.fonts/’ directory or use the ‘configure’ + command and the ‘--with-texgyre-dir=/path_to_otf_files/’ option. + + The following font families are required: + + Schola (http://www.gust.org.pl/projects/e-foundry/tex-gyre/schola), + Heros (http://www.gust.org.pl/projects/e-foundry/tex-gyre/heros) + and Cursor + (http://www.gust.org.pl/projects/e-foundry/tex-gyre/cursor). + +1.2.3 Requirements for building documentation +--------------------------------------------- + +The entire set of documentation for the most current build of LilyPond +is available online at +, but you +can also build them locally from the source code. This process requires +some additional tools and packages. + + Note: If the instructions for one of the previously listed + Linux in the previous section (*note + (lilypond-contributor)Requirements for compiling LilyPond::) + have been used, then the following can be ignored as the + software should already be installed. + + • Everything listed in *note Requirements for compiling LilyPond:: + + • ImageMagick (http://www.imagemagick.org/) + + • Netpbm (http://netpbm.sourceforge.net/) + + • gzip (http://gzip.org/) + + • rsync (http://rsync.samba.org/) + + • Texi2HTML (http://www.nongnu.org/texi2html/) + + Use version ‘1.82’. Later versions will not work. + + Download ‘texi2html 1.82’ directly from: + ; + + Extract the files into an appropriate location and then run the + commands; + + ./configure + make + sudo make install + + Now verify that your operating system is able to see the correct + version of ‘texi2html’. + + texi2html --version + + • Fonts required to build the documentation in addition to those + required to run LilyPond: + + gsfonts + fonts-linuxlibertine + fonts-liberation + fonts-dejavu + fonts-freefont-otf + ttf-bitstream-vera + texlive-fonts-recommended + ttf-xfree86-nonfree + + Note: By default, when building LilyPond’s documentation, + ‘pdfTeX’ is be used. However ligatures (fi, fl, ff etc.) may + not be printed in the PDF output. In this case XeTeX can be + used instead. Download and install the ‘texlive-xetex’ + package. The scripts used to build the LilyPond documentation + will use ‘XeTex’ instead of ‘pdfTex’ to generate the PDF + documents if it is available. No additional configuration is + required. + +1.3 Getting the source code =========================== -Red Hat Linux -------------- +Downloading the Git repository +------------------------------ - Red Hat 7.0 i386 RPMS are available from -`ftp://ftp.cs.uu.nl/pub/GNU/LilyPond/RedHat/'. +In general, developers compile LilyPond from within a local Git +repository. Setting up a local Git repository is explained in *note +(lilypond-contributor)Starting with Git::. - You can also compile them yourself. A spec file is in -`make/out/redhat.spec'. This file is distributed along with the -sources. You can make the rpm by issuing +Downloading a source tarball +---------------------------- - rpm -tb lilypond-x.y.z.tar.gz - rpm -i /usr/src/redhat/RPMS/i386/lilypond-x.y.z +Packagers are encouraged to use source tarballs for compiling. - For running on a Red Hat system you need these packages: guile, -tetex, tetex-latex, tetex-dvips, libstdc++, python, ghostscript. + The tarball for the latest stable release is available on the *note +(lilypond-web)Source:: page. - For compilation on a Red Hat system you need these packages, in -addition to the those needed for running: glibc-devel, gcc-c++, -libstdc++-devel, guile-devel, flex, bison, texinfo, tetex-devel, groff, -libgr-progs. +The latest source code snapshot +(http://git.savannah.gnu.org/gitweb/?p=lilypond.git;a=snapshot) is also +available as a tarball from the GNU Savannah Git server. -SuSE ----- +All tagged releases (including legacy stable versions and the most +recent development release) are available here: - You can also compile them yourself. A spec file is in -`make/out/suse.spec'. This file is distributed along with the sources. + - You must have the following packages: guile tcsh tetex te_latex -te_kpath te_mpost libpng python gpp libgpp gettext autoconf netpbm -libnetpb gs_serv gs_lib gs_fonts guile + Download the tarball to your ‘~/src/’ directory, or some other +appropriate place. -Slackware ---------- + Note: Be careful where you unpack the tarball! Any + subdirectories of the current folder named ‘lilypond/’ or + ‘lilypond-X.Y.Z/’ (where X.Y.Z is the release number) will be + overwritten if there is a name clash with the tarball. - Problems have been reported with Slackware 7.0; apparently, it ships -with a faulty compiler. Do not compile LilyPond with -O2 on this -platform. + Unpack the tarball with this command: -Mandrake --------- + tar -xzf lilypond-X.Y.Z.tar.gz - [TODO] + This creates a subdirectory within the current directory called +‘lilypond-X.Y.Z/’. Once unpacked, the source files occupy about 40 MB +of disk space. -Debian GNU/Linux ----------------- + Windows users wanting to look at the source code may have to download +and install the free-software 7zip archiver (http://www.7-zip.org) to +extract the tarball. + +1.4 Configuring ‘make’ +====================== + +1.4.1 Running ‘./autogen.sh’ +---------------------------- + +After you unpack the tarball (or download the Git repository), the +contents of your top source directory should be similar to the current +source tree listed at +. + + Next, you need to create the generated files; enter the following +command from your top source directory: + + ./autogen.sh --noconfigure + + This will generate a number of files and directories to aid +configuration, such as ‘configure’, ‘README.txt’, etc. + + Next, create the build directory with: + + mkdir build/ + cd build/ + + We heavily recommend building lilypond inside a separate directory +with this method. + +1.4.2 Running ‘../configure’ +---------------------------- + +Configuration options +..................... + + Note: make sure that you are in the ‘build/’ subdirectory of + your source tree. + + The ‘../configure’ command (generated by ‘./autogen.sh’) provides +many options for configuring ‘make’. To see them all, run: + + ../configure --help + +Checking build dependencies +........................... + + Note: make sure that you are in the ‘build/’ subdirectory of + your source tree. + + When ‘../configure’ is run without any arguments, it will check to +make sure your system has everything required for compilation: + + ../configure + + If any build dependency is missing, ‘../configure’ will return with: + + ERROR: Please install required programs: FOO + + The following message is issued if you are missing programs that are +only needed for building the documentation: + + WARNING: Please consider installing optional programs: BAR + + If you intend to build the documentation locally, you will need to +install or update these programs accordingly. + + Note: ‘../configure’ may fail to issue warnings for certain + documentation build requirements that are not met. If you + experience problems when building the documentation, you may + need to do a manual check of *note Requirements for building + documentation::. + +Configuring target directories +.............................. + + Note: make sure that you are in the ‘build/’ subdirectory of + your source tree. + + If you intend to use your local build to install a local copy of the +program, you will probably want to configure the installation directory. +Here are the relevant lines taken from the output of +‘../configure --help’: + + By default, ‘‘make install’’ will install all the files in + ‘/usr/local/bin’, ‘/usr/local/lib’ etc. You can specify an + installation prefix other than ‘/usr/local’ using ‘‘--prefix’’, for + instance ‘‘--prefix=$HOME’’. + + A typical installation prefix is ‘$HOME/usr’: + + ../configure --prefix=$HOME/usr + + Note that if you plan to install a local build on a system where you +do not have root privileges, you will need to do something like this +anyway—‘make install’ will only succeed if the installation prefix +points to a directory where you have write permission (such as your home +directory). The installation directory will be automatically created if +necessary. + + The location of the ‘lilypond’ command installed by this process will +be ‘PREFIX/bin/lilypond’; you may want to add ‘PREFIX/bin/’ to your +‘$PATH’ if it is not already included. + + It is also possible to specify separate installation directories for +different types of program files. See the full output of +‘../configure --help’ for more information. + + If you encounter any problems, please see *note Problems::. + +1.5 Compiling LilyPond +====================== + +1.5.1 Using ‘make’ +------------------ + + Note: make sure that you are in the ‘build/’ subdirectory of + your source tree. + + LilyPond is compiled with the ‘make’ command. Assuming ‘make’ is +configured properly, you can simply run: + + make + + ‘make’ is short for ‘make all’. To view a list of ‘make’ targets, +run: + + make help + + TODO: Describe what ‘make’ actually does. + + +See also +........ + + *note Generating documentation:: provides more info on the ‘make’ +targets used to build the LilyPond documentation. + +1.5.2 Saving time with the ‘-j’ option +-------------------------------------- + +If your system has multiple CPUs, you can speed up compilation by adding +‘-jX’ to the ‘make’ command, where ‘X’ is one more than the number of +cores you have. For example, a typical Core2Duo machine would use: + + make -j3 + + If you get errors using the ‘-j’ option, and ‘make’ succeeds without +it, try lowering the ‘X’ value. + + Because multiple jobs run in parallel when ‘-j’ is used, it can be +difficult to determine the source of an error when one occurs. In that +case, running ‘make’ without the ‘-j’ is advised. + +1.5.3 Compiling for multiple platforms +-------------------------------------- + +If you want to build multiple versions of LilyPond with different +configuration settings, you can use the ‘--enable-config=CONF’ option of +‘configure’. You should use ‘make conf=CONF’ to generate the output in +‘out-CONF’. For example, suppose you want to build with and without +profiling, then use the following for the normal build + + ./configure --prefix=$HOME/usr/ --enable-checking + make + + and for the profiling version, specify a different configuration - A Debian package is also available. You may install it easily by -using apt-get as root: + ./configure --prefix=$HOME/usr/ --enable-profiling \ + --enable-config=prof --disable-checking + make conf=prof - apt-get install lilypond1.3 + If you wish to install a copy of the build with profiling, don’t +forget to use ‘conf=CONF’ when issuing ‘make install’: - Debian's tex installation is a bit short on memory, you may want to -increase it like this: - --- /etc/texmf/texmf.cnf.dpkg Sun Jan 28 14:12:14 2001 - +++ /etc/texmf/texmf.cnf Fri Apr 27 11:09:35 2001 - @ -384,8 +384,8 @ - main_memory.context = 1500000 - main_memory.mpost = 1000000 - main_memory = 263000 % words of inimemory available; also applies to inimf&mp - -extra_mem_top = 0 % extra high memory for chars, tokens, etc. - -extra_mem_bot = 0 % extra low memory for boxes, glue, breakpoints, etc. - +extra_mem_top = 100000 % extra high memory for chars, tokens, etc. - +extra_mem_bot = 100000 % extra low memory for boxes, glue, breakpoints, etc. - - obj_tab_size.context = 256000 + make conf=prof install - Alternatively, visit - * http://packages.debian.org/lilypond - (http://packages.debian.org/lilypond) +See also +........ - * http://ftp.debian.org/debian/pool/main/l/lilypond1.3/ - (http://ftp.debian.org/debian/pool/main/l/lilypond1.3/) for latest - package uploaded to Debian unstable; + *note Installing LilyPond from a local build:: - * http://people.debian.org/~foka/lilypond/ - (http://people.debian.org/~foka/lilypond/) for latest - semi-unofficial build of LilyPond 1.3.121 for Debian 2.2r2 - (potato) users. The official stable Debian 2.2r2 is stuck with - the old LilyPond-1.3.24. +1.5.4 Useful ‘make’ variables +----------------------------- - You may contact Anthony Fok for more information. +If a less verbose build output if desired, the variable ‘QUIET_BUILD’ +may be set to ‘1’ on ‘make’ command line, or in ‘local.make’ at top of +the build tree. - The build scripts are in the subdirectory `debian/'; you can make -the .deb by doing, for example: +1.6 Post-compilation options +============================ - $ su - root - # dpkg --purge lilypond lilypond1.3 - # exit - $ tar xzf lilypond-1.3.122.tar.gz - $ cd lilypond-1.3.122 - $ dch -p -v 1.3.122-0.local.1 "Local build." - $ debuild - $ su - root - # dpkg -i ../lilypond1.3_1.3.122*.deb - # exit - $ +1.6.1 Installing LilyPond from a local build +-------------------------------------------- - For compilation on a Debian GNU/Linux system you need these packages, -in addition to the those needed for running: +If you configured ‘make’ to install your local build in a directory +where you normally have write permission (such as your home directory), +and you have compiled LilyPond by running ‘make’, you can install the +program in your target directory by running: - * g++, cpp, libc6-dev, libstdc++-dev + make install - * libguile-dev + If instead, your installation directory is not one that you can +normally write to (such as the default ‘/usr/local/’, which typically is +only writeable by the superuser), you will need to temporarily become +the superuser when running ‘make install’: - * make, m4, flex, bison + sudo make install - * gettext +or... - * groff, texinfo, bibtex2html (not in 2.2r2) + su -c 'make install' - * tetex-base, tetex-bin, tetex-extra, libkpathsea-dev or tetex-dev + If you don’t have superuser privileges, then you need to configure +the installation directory to one that you can write to, and then +re-install. See *note Configuring target directories::. - * dpkg-dev, debhelper, fakeroot +1.6.2 Generating documentation +------------------------------ - * gs, netpbm, pnmtopng +Documentation editor’s edit/compile cycle +......................................... - Most of these are listed on the Build-Depends line in the -debian/control file. To ensure the creation of the lilypond deb is -trouble-free, we recommend that you first install the following packages -before starting dpkg-buildpackage by running apt-get as root. + • Initial documentation build: - For Debian 2.2 (or 2.2r2, 2.2r3): + make [-jX] + make [-jX CPU_COUNT=X] doc _## can take an hour or more_ + make [-jX CPU_COUNT=X] doc-stage-1 _## to build only PDF documentation_ - apt-get install task-debian-devel task-c++-dev \ - python-base libguile6-dev tetex-bin tetex-dev \ - tetex-extra flex bison texinfo groff gs \ - netpbm pnmtopng m4 gettext + • Edit/compile cycle: - For Debian in development ("unstable", the future 2.3 or 3.0): + _## edit source files, then..._ - apt-get install task-debian-devel task-c++-dev \ - python-base libguile9-dev tetex-bin libkpathsea-dev \ - tetex-extra flex bison texinfo bibtex2html groff gs \ - netpbm pnmtopng m4 gettext + make [-jX] _## needed if editing outside_ + _## Documentation/, but useful anyway_ + _## for finding Texinfo errors._ + make [-jX CPU_COUNT=X] doc _## usually faster than initial build._ - And, just so that old fonts from previous versions of LilyPond won't -interfere with your build, you may want to do this before the build too: + • Reset: - dpkg --purge lilypond lilypond1.3 + It is generally possible to remove the compiled documentation from + your system with ‘make doc-clean’, but this method is not 100% + guaranteed. Instead, if you want to be sure you have a clean + system, we recommend that you delete your ‘build/’ directory, and + begin compiling from scratch. Since the documentation compile + takes much longer than the non-documentation compile, this does not + increase the overall time by a great deal. -Problems -======== +Building documentation +...................... - For help and questions use and -. Please consult the faq before mailing -your problems. If you find bugs, please send bug reports to -. +After a successful compile (using ‘make’), the documentation can be +built by issuing: + + make doc + + or, to build only the PDF documentation and not the HTML, + + make doc-stage-1 + + Note: The first time you run ‘make doc’, the process can + easily take an hour or more with not much output on the + command line. + + After this initial build, ‘make doc’ only makes changes to the +documentation where needed, so it may only take a minute or two to test +changes if the documentation is already built. + + If ‘make doc’ succeeds, the HTML documentation tree is available in +‘out-www/offline-root/’, and can be browsed locally. Various portions +of the documentation can be found by looking in ‘out/’ and ‘out-www’ +subdirectories in other places in the source tree, but these are only +_portions_ of the docs. Please do not complain about anything which is +broken in those places; the only complete set of documentation is in +‘out-www/offline-root/’ from the top of the source tree. + + ‘make doc’ sends the output from most of the compilation to logfiles. +If the build fails for any reason, it should prompt you with the name of +a logfile which will provide information to help you work out why the +build failed. These logfiles are not deleted with ‘make doc-clean’. To +remove all the logfiles generated by the compilation process, use: + + make log-clean + + ‘make doc’ compiles the documents for all languages. To save some +compile time, the English language documents can be compiled on their +own with: + + make LANGS='' doc + +Similarly, it is possible to compile a subset of the translated +documentation by specifying their language codes on the command line. +For example, the French and German translations are compiled with: + + make LANGS='de fr' doc + +Note that this will also compile the English version. + + Compilation of documentation in Info format with images can be done +separately by issuing: + + make info + +An issue when switching branches between master and translation is the +appearance/disappearance of translated versions of some manuals. If you +see such a warning from make: + + No rule to make target `X', needed by `Y' + +Your best bet is to delete the file Y.dep and to try again. + +Building a single document +.......................... + +It’s possible to build a single document. For example, to rebuild only +‘contributor.pdf’, do the following: + + cd build/ + cd Documentation/ + touch ../../Documentation/contributor.texi + make out=www out-www/contributor.pdf + + If you are only working on a single document, test-building it in +this way can give substantial time savings - recreating +‘contributor.pdf’, for example, takes a matter of seconds. + +Saving time with ‘CPU_COUNT’ +............................ + +The most time consuming task for building the documentation is running +LilyPond to build images of music, and there cannot be several +simultaneously running ‘lilypond-book’ instances, so the ‘-j’ ‘make’ +option does not significantly speed up the build process. To help speed +it up, the makefile variable ‘CPU_COUNT’ may be set in ‘local.make’ or +on the command line to the number of ‘.ly’ files that LilyPond should +process simultaneously, e.g. on a bi-processor or dual core machine: + + make -j3 CPU_COUNT=3 doc + +The recommended value of ‘CPU_COUNT’ is one plus the number of cores or +processors, but it is advisable to set it to a smaller value unless your +system has enough RAM to run that many simultaneous LilyPond instances. +Also, values for the ‘-j’ option that pose problems with ‘make’ are less +likely to pose problems with ‘make doc’ (this applies to both ‘-j’ and +‘CPU_COUNT’). For example, with a quad-core processor, it is possible +for ‘make -j5 CPU_COUNT=5 doc’ to work consistently even if ‘make -j5’ +rarely succeeds. + +AJAX search +........... + +To build the documentation with interactive searching, use: + + make doc AJAX_SEARCH=1 + + This requires PHP, and you must view the docs via a http connection +(you cannot view them on your local filesystem). + + Note: Due to potential security or load issues, this option is + not enabled in the official documentation builds. Enable at + your own risk. + +Installing documentation +........................ + +The HTML, PDF and if available Info files can be installed into the +standard documentation path by issuing + + make install-doc + +This also installs Info documentation with images if the installation +prefix is properly set; otherwise, instructions to complete proper +installation of Info documentation are printed on standard output. + + To install the Info documentation separately, run: + + make install-info + +Note that to get the images in Info documentation, ‘install-doc’ target +creates symbolic links to HTML and PDF installed documentation tree in +‘PREFIX/share/info’, in order to save disk space, whereas ‘install-info’ +copies images in ‘PREFIX/share/info’ subdirectories. + + It is possible to build a documentation tree in +‘out-www/online-root/’, with special processing, so it can be used on a +website with content negotiation for automatic language selection; this +can be achieved by issuing + + make WEB_TARGETS=online doc + +and both ‘offline’ and ‘online’ targets can be generated by issuing + + make WEB_TARGETS="offline online" doc + + Several targets are available to clean the documentation build and +help with maintaining documentation; an overview of these targets is +available with + + make help + +from every directory in the build tree. Most targets for documentation +maintenance are available from ‘Documentation/’; for more information, +see *note (lilypond-contributor)Documentation work::. + + The makefile variable ‘QUIET_BUILD’ may be set to ‘1’ for a less +verbose build output, just like for building the programs. + +Building documentation without compiling +........................................ + +The documentation can be built locally without compiling LilyPond +binary, if LilyPond is already installed on your system. + + From a fresh Git checkout, do + + ./autogen.sh # ignore any warning messages + cp GNUmakefile.in GNUmakefile + make -C scripts && make -C python + nice make LILYPOND_EXTERNAL_BINARY=/path/to/bin/lilypond doc + + Please note that this may break sometimes – for example, if a new +feature is added with a test file in input/regression, even the latest +development release of LilyPond will fail to build the docs. + + You may build the manual without building all the ‘input/*’ stuff +(i.e. mostly regression tests): change directory, for example to +‘Documentation/’, issue ‘make doc’, which will build documentation in a +subdirectory ‘out-www’ from the source files in current directory. In +this case, if you also want to browse the documentation in its +post-processed form, change back to top directory and issue + + make out=www WWW-post + + +Known issues and warnings +......................... + +You may also need to create a script for ‘pngtopnm’ and ‘pnmtopng’. On +GNU/Linux, I use this: + +export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/lib +exec /usr/bin/pngtopnm "$@" + + On MacOS X with fink, I use this: + +export DYLD_LIBRARY_PATH=/sw/lib +exec /sw/bin/pngtopnm "$@" + + On MacOS X with macports, you should use this: + +export DYLD_FALLBACK_LIBRARY_PATH=/opt/local/lib +exec /opt/local/bin/pngtopnm "$@" + +1.6.3 Testing LilyPond binary +----------------------------- + +LilyPond comes with an extensive suite that exercises the entire +program. This suite can be used to test that the binary has been built +correctly. + + The test suite can be executed with: + +make test + + If the test suite completes successfully, the LilyPond binary has +been verified. + + More information on the regression test suite is found at *note +(lilypond-contributor)Regression tests::. + +1.7 Problems +============ + +For help and questions use . Send bug reports to +. Bugs that are not fault of LilyPond are documented here. -NetBSD ------- +Compiling on MacOS X +-------------------- + +Here are special instructions for compiling under MacOS X. These +instructions assume that dependencies are installed using MacPorts. +(http://www.macports.org/) The instructions have been tested using OS X +10.5 (Leopard). + + First, install the relevant dependencies using MacPorts. + + Next, add the following to your relevant shell initialization files. +This is ‘~/.profile’ by default. You should create this file if it does +not exist. + + export PATH=/opt/local/bin:/opt/local/sbin:$PATH + export DYLD_FALLBACK_LIBRARY_PATH=/opt/local/lib:$DYLD_FALLBACK_LIBRARY_PATH + + Now you must edit the generated ‘config.make’ file. Change + + FLEXLEXER_FILE = /usr/include/FlexLexer.h + +to: + + FLEXLEXER_FILE = /opt/local/include/FlexLexer.h + + At this point, you should verify that you have the appropriate fonts +installed with your ghostscript installation. Check ‘ls +/opt/local/share/ghostscript/fonts’ for: ’c0590*’ files (.pfb, .pfb and +.afm). If you don’t have them, run the following commands to grab them +from the ghostscript SVN server and install them in the appropriate +location: + + svn export http://svn.ghostscript.com/ghostscript/tags/urw-fonts-1.0.7pre44/ + sudo mv urw-fonts-1.0.7pre44/* /opt/local/share/ghostscript/fonts/ + rm -rf urw-fonts-1.07pre44 + + Now run the ‘./configure’ script. To avoid complications with +automatic font detection, add + + --with-fonts-dir=/opt/local/share/ghostscript/fonts + +Solaris +------- + +Solaris7, ./configure + + ‘./configure’ needs a POSIX compliant shell. On Solaris7, ‘/bin/sh’ +is not yet POSIX compliant, but ‘/bin/ksh’ or bash is. Run configure +like + + CONFIG_SHELL=/bin/ksh ksh -c ./configure + +or + + CONFIG_SHELL=/bin/bash bash -c ./configure + +FreeBSD +------- + +To use system fonts, dejaview must be installed. With the default port, +the fonts are installed in ‘usr/X11R6/lib/X11/fonts/dejavu’. + + Open the file ‘$LILYPONDBASE/usr/etc/fonts/local.conf’ and add the +following line just after the ‘’ line. (Adjust as necessary +for your hierarchy.) + + /usr/X11R6/lib/X11/fonts + +International fonts +------------------- + +On Mac OS X, all fonts are installed by default. However, finding all +system fonts requires a bit of configuration; see this post +(http://lists.gnu.org/archive/html/lilypond-user/2007-03/msg00472.html) +on the ‘lilypond-user’ mailing list. + + On Linux, international fonts are installed by different means on +every distribution. We cannot list the exact commands or packages that +are necessary, as each distribution is different, and the exact package +names within each distribution changes. Here are some hints, though: + +Red Hat Fedora + + taipeifonts fonts-xorg-truetype ttfonts-ja fonts-arabic \ + ttfonts-zh_CN fonts-ja fonts-hebrew + +Debian GNU/Linux + + apt-get install emacs-intl-fonts xfonts-intl-.* \ + fonts-ipafont-gothic fonts-ipafont-mincho \ + xfonts-bolkhov-75dpi xfonts-cronyx-100dpi xfonts-cronyx-75dpi + +Using lilypond python libraries +------------------------------- + +If you want to use lilypond’s python libraries (either running certain +build scripts manually, or using them in other programs), set +‘PYTHONPATH’ to ‘python/out’ in your build directory, or +‘.../usr/lib/lilypond/current/python’ in the installation directory +structure. + +1.8 Concurrent stable and development versions +============================================== + +It can be useful to have both the stable and the development versions of +LilyPond available at once. One way to do this on GNU/Linux is to +install the stable version using the precompiled binary, and run the +development version from the source tree. After running ‘make all’ from +the top directory of the LilyPond source files, there will be a binary +called ‘lilypond’ in the ‘out’ directory: + + /lilypond/out/bin/lilypond + + This binary can be run without actually doing the ‘make install’ +command. The advantage to this is that you can have all of the latest +changes available after pulling from git and running ‘make all’, without +having to uninstall the old version and reinstall the new. + + So, to use the stable version, install it as usual and use the normal +commands: + + lilypond foobar.ly - * The flex precompiled in NetBSD-1.4.2 is broken. Download - flex-2.5.4a, build, install. + To use the development version, create a link to the binary in the +source tree by saving the following line in a file somewhere in your +‘$PATH’: - * The configuration of Gcc (egcs-2.91.60 19981201 (egcs-1.1.1 - release)) does not include `/usr/pkg' paths. Configure using: + exec /lilypond/out/bin/lilypond "$@" - CFLAGS='-I /usr/pkg/include' LDFLAGS='-L/usr/pkg/lib' ./configure + Save it as ‘Lilypond’ (with a capital L to distinguish it from the +stable ‘lilypond’), and make it executable: + chmod +x Lilypond -Solaris: --------- + Then you can invoke the development version this way: - * Sparc64/Solaris 2.6, GNU make-3.77 + Lilypond foobar.ly - GNU make-3.77 is buggy on this platform, upgrade to 3.78.1 or - newer. + TODO: ADD - * Sparc64/Solaris 2.6, ld + - other compilation tricks for developers - Not yet resolved. +1.9 Build system +================ -AIX ---- +We currently use make and stepmake, which is complicated and only used +by us. Hopefully this will change in the future. - * AIX 4.3 ld +Version-specific texinfo macros +------------------------------- - The following is from the gcc install/SPECIFIC file. - Some versions of the AIX binder (linker) can fail with a - relocation overflow severe error when the -bbigtoc option - is used to link GCC-produced object files into an - executable that overflows the TOC. A fix for APAR IX75823 - (OVERFLOW DURING LINK WHEN USING GCC AND -BBIGTOC) is - available from IBM Customer Support and from its - 27service.boulder.ibm.com website as PTF U455193. + • made with ‘scripts/build/create-version-itexi.py’ and + ‘scripts/build/create-weblinks-itexi.py’ - Binutils does not support AIX 4.3 (at least through release - 2.9). GNU as and GNU ld will not work properly and one - should not configure GCC to use those GNU utilities. Use - the native AIX tools which do interoperate with GCC. + • used extensively in the ‘WEBSITE_ONLY_BUILD’ version of the website + (made with ‘website.make’, used on lilypond.org) - add -Wl,-bbigtoc to USER_LDFLAGS, ie: - LDFLAGS='-Wl,-bbigtoc' ./configure + • not (?) used in the main docs? + • the numbers in VERSION file: MINOR_VERSION should be 1 more than + the last release, VERSION_DEVEL should be the last *online* + release. Yes, VERSION_DEVEL is less than VERSION.